Umqondo nezinyathelo zokuqhutshwa kobugebengu

Inqubo yobugebengu   - leli yizwi elisemthethweni elihlobene nobulungiswa kanye nemisebenzi yeziphathimandla zokuphenya ekomishini lobugebengu. Ezweni ngalinye, inqubo yobugebengu iqhutshwa ngokwemigomo ethile nemithetho, kanti umyalelo wezomthetho kuleli zwe uvikelwe kunoma yikuphi ukungenelela kobugebengu.

Umqondo wenqubo yobugebengu kunzima kakhulu, ngoba awuqukethe kuphela inqubo uqobo, kodwa futhi nesigaba esidlulayo. Izinyathelo zibizwa ngokuthi zizimele, kodwa izingxenye ezihambisanayo zenqubo, ezihlukaniswa yisinqumo sokugcina futhi zibhekiswe emisebenzini ethile, umbuthano wabantu nezidumbu ezihilelekile kuleso cala, inqubo yenqubo kanye nohlobo lobuhlobo bobugebengu.

Zonke izigaba zenqubo yobugebengu zinenani lezinto ezijwayelekile kubo bonke. Lezi zakhiwo ezijwayelekile zifaka:

1) Ukuba khona kwemisebenzi esheshayo, okulandela imisebenzi ejwayelekile yokuqhutshwa komthetho.

2) Ukuba khona kwenani elithile labantu nezidumbu ezihlanganyela ngalesi sigaba.

3) Indlela yokwenza imisebenzi, ngokuya kokuqukethwe kwemisebenzi yesiteji kanye nezici zokuveza imithetho ethile kanye nezikhathi ezithile.

4) Uhlobo olukhethekile lobuhlobo lobugebengu phakathi kwezihloko zecala lobugebengu.

5) Isinqumo sokugcina, esiqedela zonke izinqubo kanye nobuhlobo, okubandakanya ukudluliselwa kwecala esiteji esilandelayo noma esigabeni sokuqedwa.

Zonke izigaba zakha uhlelo olubalulekile lwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zobugebengu. Bahamba bajika ngokulandelana okuthile. Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele izigaba eziyinhloko zenqubo yobugebengu ngokuningiliziwe.

Izigaba zangaphambi kwesilingo zenqubo yobugebengu

Izigaba ezinjalo zihlanganisa ukuqaliswa kwezinqubo zokwephulwa komthetho kanye nenqubo yokuphenywa kokuqala. Esigabeni sokuqala, izikhulu kanye nezinhlangano zombuso wepenipotentiary zibeka izizathu zokuqhubeka kuleli cala, okuholela ekusungulweni kwezinqubo zokwephulwa komthetho. Lesi sigaba siyingxenye ebalulekile kunoma yiliphi icala.

Isigaba esilandelayo yisiphenyo sokuqala. Yenziwa yiziphathimandla zokuphenya ukuze kuhlolwe ubufakazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba khona noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukungabi khona kwezenzakalo zobugebengu, umbuthano wabantu abathintekayo ebugebengu, ubukhulu kanye nemvelo yomonakalo owenziwe, nezinye izimo ezibalulekile. Kunezimo lapho isiteji sokuphenywa kokuqala singekho. Endabeni yokutholakala kwayo, kungabangela ukuphela kwecala noma ukuhanjiswa enkantolo.

Izigaba zobugebengu zokwenza ubugebengu

Ngemuva kokuphenywa kokuqala, leli cala liyathunyelwa enkantolo yecala lokuqala, lapho ijaji likwazi khona izinto zokwakha futhi lenze isinqumo esithile. Ijaji lingamisa iseshini yenkantolo, libuyisele icala lokuphenyisisa okungeziwe, limise okwesikhashana, lidlulisele loludaba kumandla noma luseqede.

Uma kunesicelo sommangalelwa sokuthumela leli cala enkantolo, kumele sidlulise ukulalela kwangaphambili ngokuhambisana nemithetho ebekiwe ku-CPC.

Ngemuva kokulungiselela umhlangano, esinye sezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu zenqubo yobugebengu yilolu cwaningo. Lapha, inkantolo ihlola leli cala futhi ixazulula umbuzo wokungabi namlandu noma wecala lommangalelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesigwebo esithile sobugebengu. Njengomthetho, icala liphela ngokugwetshwa, kodwa kungase kube nomunye umphumela: ukuxoshwa kwecala, ukudluliselwa kokuphenywa okungeziwe, nabanye.

Ezimweni lapho kunemibhikisho ye-cassation nezikhalazo, kuqhutshwa izinyathelo zokuqedwa, okufaka ukuqinisekiswa yinkantolo ephakeme ukuqinisekiswa kwezinqumo ezithathwe. Bese kulandela isigaba sokukhishwa kwesigwebo esigwetshiwe, esenzeka noma ngemuva kokucubungula icala ngecala lokuqokwa, noma ngemuva kokumemezela kwesinqumo.

Kunezigaba ezengeziwe zezinqubo zobugebengu, njengokuqala kwamacala ezimweni ezintsha nokukhiqizwa kwezinqubo zokuphatha.