Ummangali - umuntu ... Ngubani ummangali futhi yiziphi amalungelo?

Ekulalelweni kwesinye nesinye isinghonghoyilo civil ezidinga ukucatshangelwa yizinkantolo, kubonakala izinhlangothi ezimbili bangazihluphi izikhundla iphambene: ummangali futhi ummangalelwa. Ukuze cha phambili bephithene imiqondo ukunikeza izincazelo ngamunye amaqembu. Ummangali - umuntu ofake isicelo ukuba izinkantolo ukuvikela izithakazelo zabo noma lawo malungelo. Umphikisi kule Isivivinyo kuyinto ummangalelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba zombili kungaba isinyathelo hhayi kuphela abantu, kodwa futhi izinhlangano ukuthi babe isimo esemthethweni. Namuhla sikhuluma ngubani ummangali, futhi lapho akanalo ilungelo.

Ummangali civil

Ummangali Civil kubhekwa engokomthetho noma umuntu ophilayo, abakhona ukufuna inhlawulo ngoba umonakalo zakhe ezibonakalayo ngenxa yobugebengu neyaziwayo njengoba isinqumo esinjalo sokwenziwa kwezinto zibe lo mseshi, umshushisi, izindikimba nophenyo futhi umyalelo wenkantolo.

Ukuze lesi sisulu hlonishwa njengomphakathi ummangali civil, kumele ube kwalezi zimo ezilandelayo:

- Idatha bafanele banikelwe ngesisekelo okuyinto kungashiwo ukuthi icala okwenzeka ukuba;

- ngenxa izenzo zobugebengu kwabangelwa umonakalo impahla esukela ubugebengu.

Kusukela ngesikhathi lesi sisulu hlonishwa njengomphakathi party civil, uba umhlanganyeli egcwele ohlolweni. Ngakho, ummangali - umuntu unamalungelo nje kuphela kodwa futhi yemfanelo, okuyinto lokwelekelela kulawulwa umtsetfo lokhona.

Amalungelo nezibopho ummangali

Ummangali ekuqhubeni civil has eziningi amalungelo zinikelwa mthetho.

1. Okokuqala, ummangali akumelwe kuphela kwesokudla kodwa anekhono, kanye saziso kumele khona kwecala enkantolo. Uma akakwazi eze ekulalelweni komlandu, kufanele wazise inkantolo kusengaphambili ngalokhu.
2. Thanda ummangalelwa, ummangali unelungelo ngokuningiliziwe bajwayelane izinto kunjalo, ukwenza amakhophi. Lokhu awasebenzi kuphela imibhalo ephathelene kuphela ummangali, kodwa nakulabo ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu ummangalelwa.
3. Ummangali unelungelo ukufaka ukuphikisa, okungukuthi ukukhulisa umbuzo ngokufaneleka ukuzibandakanya zanoma yibaphi abantu noma izinto ecaleni ngokuhambisana izizathu zinikelwa mthetho.
4. Ummangali unelungelo ukwethula ubufakazi, ukubuza imibuzo kubo bonke abahlanganyeli yenqubo, bese uthumela uhlu lwezikhalazo. Ikakhulukazi, kungadinga ngobufakazi obubekwe ngaphambili, hhayi ngamazwi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngokubhala. kuba nezicelo ezibhalwe phansi njalo exhunywe ukuqulwa kwecala, futhi ngomlomo sangena olandelwayo enkantolo kweseshini.
5. Ummangali unelungelo lomthetho ukunikeza agumenti kunengqondo wazithatha ngokuhamba izimpikiswano umhlangano sokumelana ezinyakazayo, okunikezwe abanye abantu iqhaza ohlolweni.

Amalungelo okukhethekile ummangali

Ngokuhambisana Art. 39 GIC RF, kuphela ilungelo ummangali ukuba:

- ukwenza izinguquko base, kanye isihloko isimangalo uqobo;

- ushintshe usayizi eceliwe isinxephezelo impahla ohlangothini amaningana amakhulu namancane;

- ukulishiya ngokuphelele isimangalo ngokufaka ku isivumelwane sabo.

Ngakho, ummangali - umuntu unamalungelo okukhethekile. Ake uthinte ku kancane imininingwane kancane ngaphezulu lezi zinto futhi ucabangele ezicashile eziyisisekelo.

Ukushintsha lezisekelo noma abathi isihloko

Isihloko simangalo ukuthi izicelo ummangali. Isizathu - izimo ziyisisekelo izidingo kanye nobufakazi ukuthi uqinisekise ngokugcwele wonke la maqiniso.

ummangali kuphela onelungelo elingokomthetho ukushintsha noma isihloko isimangalo noma isisekelo okwakhelwe kuso kwathiwa. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi uma kwathathelwa indawo nokuthi, futhi enye, kuyobe sekuba i-yesimangalo ehluke ngophelele kubhekwe ecaleni ezahlukene.

Ukushintsha inani ukunxeshezelwa ngokwezimali

Ummangali ngokuhambisana nomthetho ekhona unelungelo ukwandisa hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa amacala izimangalo ngaphambili.

Lesi sicelo kungenziwa akhishwe ngazo zombili ifomu etemlomo nalabhalwako nabanye futhi wathumela kuJehowashi enkantolo. isinqumo esinjalo zingenziwa ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Ikakhulukazi, uma ngokuhamba umhlangano ecacisa ukuthi inani simangalo ingasaphathwa empeleni wabangela nokucekela phansi impahla. Ukuncishiswa nezimfuneko - ezingavamile kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ngenxa ukuqaphela ukuthi inani encane ukunxeshezelwa ngokwezimali ingcono kakhulu ukungezwakali kwawo.

Ummangali - umuntu waba yisisulu ubugebengu eholele kulokhu zokuziphatha, impahla noma ukulimala ngokomzimba.

Ukuyekelela yesimangalo

Ummangali unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa udlulisa isimangalo ngaphambilini (ngokugcwele noma ngokwengxenye) kuzo zombili ifomu etemlomo nalabhalwako.

Uma kwanqunywa ukuqedela ukwehluleka, inqubo zokwahlulela inqanyulwa ngokuphelele, njengoba liphinyiselwe by ukuzimisela zokwahlulela. Esimweni yokwehluleka ngokwengxenye kwesivivinyo uyaqhubeka, kodwa kuphela ingxenye izimangalo esishiywe dengwane.

Uma ummangali unqume ukulahla icala noma isivumelwane selifinyelelwe, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi:

• kabusha ukwelashwa nge afanayo futhi isimangalo ummangali Kubantu akunakwenzeka;
• izindleko zomthetho kuzona kummangali, ummangalelwa akufanele ihlawulelwa;
• ummangali e ummangalelwa saziso kufanele buyisela zonke izindleko okuhlobene ukuziphatha icala.

sivumelwano ngokuthula

isivumelwane esiyolandelwa ngasiphi isigaba kokuqhutshwa zokwahlulela. Ikakhulukazi, futhi inqubo isibukezo ahlulele.

Meaning of the isivumelwane Amaqembu juqula epha kuze ingxenye izimangalo zabo. Kodwa ilungelo labamangalelene ukuvumelanisa ngale ndlela akubhekwa ngokuphelele. Inkantolo angenalungelo lokukuthola ukuthatha ukwenqaba ummangali Kusolakala isenzo noma ukwamukela isivumelwane kuleli cala, uma kuphambene nomthetho noma liyephula amalungelo esisemthethweni futhi nikhathalele nezabanye.

Njengoba ezothatha isikhundla ummangali

Ngezinye izikhathi esikhundleni ummangali ekuqhubeni civil zingenziwa. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, kumele uqonde ezinye butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuthela itheminoloji zokwahlulela.

Kunezinto ezifana izinhlangothi ezinhle nezimbi inqubo. Eyokuqala owawina amalungelo uphikise noma izibopho. Futhi ecaleni okungafanele ngabantu abaye ngesisekelo izinto icala bayakhishwa kusukela inani labantu abathola of ubudlelwano phikisa.

Ngakho-ke, uma inkantolo ngokufana Art. 36-CPC wathola ukuthi ummangali (noma ummangalelwa) sisincane, ke unelungelo eligcwele, ngaphandle kokuma kwesivivinyo, ukufaka esikhundleni kwabamangali yokuqala (abaphendula) ukuze ezifanele.

Uma kummangali woqobo akafuni ukuba baphume nalolu vivinyo, inkantolo efanele bazaziswa ukuthi bayakwazi ukubamba iqhaza kulo njengomthombo wesithathu kokuba ilungelo lokwenza izimangalo zabo siqu.

Ezinye niceties zomthetho

1. Uma kummangali woqobo akukuniki imvume yayo anawo inqubo zokwahlulela okufanele akafuni ukwenza njenge entsha, kunjalo kubhekwa ngaphandle esikhundleni umkhiqizo. Kodwa ngesikhathi yona le nkantolo ekubeni necala wabalethela ophika.

2. Njengoba isivumelwano we kummangali entsha ukungena imithetho icala sekuqhubeke ne kubamangali ezimbili. Futhi kuye ngokuthi izimo, inkantolo yenza isinqumo, okuyinto maqondana kummangali efanele. Ekuqaleni izitatimende amaqembu (ummangali) e icala lakhe kunqatshelwe.

3. Esimweni lapho isenzo esingafanele ummangali evuma ukuba ekuchithweni kwayo yenqubo zokwahlulela + okufanele angene ke, ukuthi ukuqala futhi.

Njengoba ubona, ummangali kuleli icala inqwaba amalungelo. Uthole ukwazi kuphela esemqoka ingxenye. Kukhona butholakala enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi eziningi zomthetho, kodwa lokho isihloko ukuze uthole enye ingxoxo.