Umkhaya Bolkonsky futhi Rostov umndeni. izici ngokuqhathanisa we Rostov futhi Bolkonsky

Ingabe umuntu abe "ujwayelene Russian isiko kazwelonke" is hhayi othinta inoveli yeqhawe Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo "Impi Nokuthula"? brushstrokes ezicacile ku-canvas noveli ikhombisa Rostov futhi Bolkonsky. Mayelana wabona indlela yomsebenzi wabo ukujula, njengoba kufakazelwa indlela asabela ngayo lapho Gorky, ukuhlangabezana naye, bambuze, "Uyini" Impi Nokuthula "" Impendulo wabusa isikhathi esifushane UTolstoy sika "Iliad." Ukuzalwa lokhu umsebenzi ophawulekayo Kwakungelula. Akukhona lokho kuphela, liye ngokuphindaphindiwe lihlehliselwe futhi waqala ke "lawa" kusukela design ehlukene ngokuphelele, njengoba izithelo ucwaningo zokudala UTolstoy.

Umqondo ukudalwa noveli

Umqondo wokuthi wenza umbhali zakudala ukuthatha e 1856, uthi lokuloba kwaba ukuthola isipiliyoni zomlando ukuze unqobe division of umphakathi wesimanje Russian. Isigamu ezithandayo ubudlelwane ongumlimi kabusha bokhela phakathi abalimi nabanikazi bemihlaba. Nakuba ngisho ke babengamaqhawe kulendawo yohlobo "Rostov futhi Bolkonsky" nokuvumelanisa umphakathi waseRussia.

UTolstoy waqala ucwaningo akhe okudala zokuhlanganisa umqondo kazwelonke kusukela Inkathi Decembrists. inoveli yakhe kwakufanele kuqale ukubuyela kwabantu abadingisiwe Decembrists Pierre Pierre, ekanye nomkakhe u-Natalia nomndeni. incazelo bokubeka indaba ukunxanela kwakhe wathumela ukuba 1825 (unyaka ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists). Nokho, Pierre waya iSigele Square ukuqaphela ukuthi UTolstoy ethunyelwe ku-mlando sokuphila kwakhe, kuqala 1812 bese 1805, lapho iqala. Kusukela eminyakeni 1863 kuya 1869 - iminyaka 7 - edala le noveli yeqhawe.

Nepotism nomlando

Classic ngo-Saga inoveli libonisa izinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka 800, ezingaphezu kuka-500 - ngokomlando ukuqinisekisile. Abantu e incazelo yakhe akubukeki njenge eqoqwe okungeziwe azikubheki, zingabantu ejwayelekile, basuke zixhunywe umndeni nothando ubudlelwano. Heavy izivivinyo zikazwelonke ezibhekwa ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu contiguities nemindeni yabo. Umkhaya Bolkonskis, Kuragin kanye nokukhula izizukulwane ezintathu wabonisa hhayi kuphela ngokusebenzisa izithombe ezinye ngabameleli bayo, kodwa futhi ngokusebenzisa, "clan" izici zawo siqu isici ejwayelekile ezihlobene lokhokho, kubantu, emphakathini.

Ukuze UTolstoy umndeni - the alpha and omega emphakathini. Ngakho njengoba umdali "Impi Nokuthula" isebenzisa amandla demiurge-umculi, ukuze "umvuzo" izinhlamvu ozithandayo kakhulu imindeni eqinile esekelwe ngothando nangenhlonipho.

"Amabutho Healthy" izikhulu

Esikhathini ihora sizi-Russia (futhi ngobuciko libonisa enovelini) Bolkonskis umndeni umndeni Rostovs 'benziwe ekusakazeni olulodwa "nabantu, ewela sikaNapoleon ibutho abangenasihe" umshiza empi abantu. " Abhalwe UTolstoy ngokucophelela, yonke imininingwane, ngoba ezimbili lezi uhlobo - akusiwona izithombe nje kwezobuciko, "aphilisayo noveli", izici ezimbili ebusweni ukhaphela lokhokho zonke izikhulu enhliziyweni, ukulungele ukunikeza konke ngoba inkululeko yayo: empahleni nasekuphileni.

Rostov Ilya Andreevich

Rostovs lezinceku ezicukuthwaneni isiRashiya, lisaphila ngendlela kwekhulu elidlule. Basuke ejwayele kwakwenzayo ukuqondiswa kungengenxa, kodwa nge amaza ezingokomoya. Umkhaya Bolkonsky futhi Rostov umndeni - ezahlukene hhayi kuphela e gentility, kodwa futhi imibono yabo.

Inhloko umndeni, u-Ilya Andreyevich Rostov unalo uthando olukhulu, yena - aphethe umoya wokungenisa izihambi nowokupha, njalo unika at amabhola, sokudla. Ukhetha isiRashiya, yena uthanda ukuhlala kule ndawo. Nginomkhaya ukuphila ngokuvumelana ephelele. Uyabuqonda wonke umuntu uyayithanda, ocabangelayo, bejabule, bejabule. Nge inqaba kuba yeningi - ukuze curiosities. Umabhalane Shameless Mitya, usebenzisa aphethe abathenjwayo, kumphuce kuye. Ilya Andreyevich ayinakho acumen ibhizinisi, neekonomen kwemali, futhi inhlalakahle yakhe ziba womuntu ongabazisayo.

A umnumzana ozalwa kanye nezlobliv. Ngokwesibonelo, uma umlimi-umzingeli ungahlosile uqalekisiwe kuye izinhliziyo zabangenacala namandla we ekuzingeleni, wathatha ngayo indida wathi lutho nokwenza i look ukuzwelwa. Mhlawumbe, ngenxa isakhiwo wezinzalamizi, ukunamathela emasikweni nasezimfundisweni umusa ezincekwini bathande ngempela Rostov, hhayi "ngokusebenza kuyo", kanye "nokusiza ukusebenzisa umnotho," njengoba ezazizosiza abantu bomdabu.

Ilya Andreyevich kungenziwa ngokuthi umuntu udumo. Lapho indodana yakhe u-Nicholas Lost in ikhadi ayizinkulungwane 43. Hlikihla. abonakele futhi yaba lukhuni Dolokhov, ubaba, usesimweni esinzima kwezezimali, imali ngokushesha. Wenza kanjalo ngesisekelo izisekelo ayo umndeni: futhi sibethembe.

Umndeni umhlala Jikelele-in-Chief Nomkhaya master Russian

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, umndeni Bolkonsky futhi Rostov umndeni ube angefani nawethu. Uma Rostov - abantu civil, ingrown ezizukulwaneni eziningi "izimpande" ezweni eMoscow, Bolkonskaya - servicemen. Futhi service kwelakubo for kubo - lokhu akukona emncintiswaneni ezingeni futhi imiklomelo.

Hhayi bebodwa got in ifa angadle ngabuhle obutheni ePrince UNikolai Andreyevich Bolkonsky nangemva eliyigugu i-opal. Wahlupheka ngoba intransigence yakhe, ngoba ukungakwazi kwakhe ukuze agobe umhlane wakhe abaziphethe. Ingabe waphonsa athukuthele ngezinye kwezwe elisizungezile? Ngokwezinga elithile, kuzinga enganakile - yebo.

Ukugada Rostov futhi Bolkonsky

Umhlalaphansi Jikelele-e-abakhulu u ebiyelwe off amagama abo njengoba izindonga, kusukela lonke izwe. Yena udelela zokuphila, kodwa umnotho walo "esebenza njenge iwashi." Prince uthenga langempela yokungenisa imishini Agricultural, emasimini mathupha elawula. Old Prince Andrew enakekela abalimi. Labo ungebi, kodwa bayazi - umsebenzi uzokhokhelwa, futhi uma kwenzeka kudingeka, kwase kuba nge-Prince Nicholas kungalindeleka ukusiza. abantu baKhe, kunalokho ihlonishwe kuka othandekayo.

Umkhaya Bolkonsky futhi Rostov umndeni isingathwe ngendlela ehlukile. Uma RostoVs ngaphezulu awela labhidlika, isandla ubudala Bolkonsky ngokuqinile igcina imicu control, uthola iholo futhi ifake le mali imishini yezolimo kanye self-imfundo. impahla yakhe, futhi Bala yena, bukhoma ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana ukuphila kwansuku zonke, kanye imizila iyunithi lempi.

izici ngokuqhathanisa we Rostov futhi Bolkonsky

Nokho, umfundi kusobala ukuthi Prince uNikolai ibuse ingqondo nangokwezimali eliphansi 'umphefumulo amandla "Ilya Andreyevich Rostov. Old Prince Andrew "isazela ngenxa yomphefumulo wakhe" akusho ukubamba, engazizwa Amathrendi imiphefumulo abathandekayo, izifiso zabo. Kodwa kuba uhlangothi oluqinile Rostov. Ubangela ukuthanda ezihambayo zabo maqondana nomunye.

Lokhu ngokuvamile konga umndeni. Lapho "abacindezelwe futhi ngaphoxeka" Nikolenka Rostov, Dolokhov isiphukuphuku scoundrel imali empeleni impahla, ngaphindela ekhaya, kuye kwasindisa mhlawumbe kusukela ukuzibulala udade uNatasha. Wezwa emva kodonga kwalo umculo-making kanye ukucula, bese kuye ngokusebenzisa "ngomqondo ongokomoya" kuyaqondakala ukuthi bonke ububi obusemhlabeni akufanele uthando endiza eduze umndeni wakhe.

Kafushane, izici okuqhathanisa Rostov futhi Bolkonsky umbandela cordiality ubuhlobo obuhle bomkhaya - hhayi esivuna osethathe umhlalaphansi jikelele Suvorov izikhathi. RostoVs kungase Witted futhi nedoobrazovannye, kodwa bona inhlanhla, ekuxhumaneni njalo, ophilayo ngiyibona ezingokomoya, ukunqoba izinselele uthando futhi kuvisisa umhlaba iyagula.

Kuyini kobushiqela okusobala kwezinto Prince Nicholas

Prince uNicholas, ukukwazi ukufundisa izingane zabo, wokugxilisa izwe, namahloni imizwa yabo, kuhlanganise ubuthaka babo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi empeleni abaphezulu Bolkonsky ezahlukene. Kodwa-ke impango enezimpande "Martinet buso."

Ngokwesibonelo, esithi Some indodana yakhe, yena, sengathi namahloni, amcele "bahlale bephila", enezezela ngokuthi "ngeke ubuhlungu" uma lowo sasibulawa. Khona-ke ashesha asuka ukufihla izinyembezi. Kulesi umushwana has konke: sikababa ukuhlupheka umphefumulo, uthando indodana yakhe, ayembusisa ngayo inkonzo.

Izingane zayo: isiphathimandla yizicukuthwane Andrey Bolkonsky nendodakazi Princess Mary - engajabule kusukela kuzenzakalele ukufudumala sabazali. Kodwa uma Prince Andrew ngokwakhe eyakha i-career yakhe, inkosazana uhlala Manor "noyise." Isikhulu ubudala, ekubeni indoda ekhaliphile, unganakile uyaqonda kusilela sengqondo, kodwa "Martinet Mask" unamandla, futhi wahlanganyela kobushiqela eziyize. Ngokungangabazeki, isikhulu Nikolay ngokwakhe uyabazi ngempela kungani owesifazane omdala ehlane ukufunda geometry. Nokho, ngokubeka inqubo enjalo, it uqaphe abulawe yayo.

Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe isikhulu iba engumashiqela maqondana indodakazi yakhe, ngasizathu simbe, "ukuqeqesha umsebenzi wakhe" futhi slighting ngokokuziphatha imfashini cishe lempi libukeka ukweyisa oqondile. Nokho, ngokwengqondo Princess Mary kuyalinqoba amandla lothando kayise we izakhiwo, futhi omunye lapho esezokufa zicela intethelelo yakhe.

Sicabanga ngalokhu, njengokungathi wayengenazo polar kuyinto umndeni isici Bolkonsky futhi Rostov? Mhlawumbe kukhona izici ezivamile.

Inani ku Rostov futhi Bolkonsky

Naphezu nendlela entsha yokuphila "ngokusuka enhliziyweni 'futhi" kusukela ingqondo "- core ezijulile le mindeni emibili uyefana. "Russianness 'uthando ngoba izwe labo nokuzinikela kuya wobaba.

Ngo impi, ukushintshana umyalo abasebenzi umsebenzi nilwa ibutho kuyinto Andrey Bolkonsky. Muhle ngilichawe yangempela ukuhlasela sesibhengezo kabi bese ubulawa isilonda. Yiqiniso, omncane Prince Andrew ngofuzo "Suvorov" isibindi kayise.

Ebanjwe ngiyibona bobusha, abasebancane Petya Rostov odlula empini ngemva umfowabo UNicholas. Ubaba nomama embusisa. impi abangenasihe, njengoba UTolstoy wabhala - kuphambene "ukucabanga komuntu" futhi "isimo sobuntu" umcimbi - inhlamvu ehlangeni obulala umfana romantic iyezwakala.

Wabonisa balwa French Nicholas Rostov, akacashi ekomkhulu. Bafaka ukuphila kwabo engozini, eduze amasosha French isihambile ukuhlenga Princess Mary, kamuva owaba inkosikazi yakhe.

Indaba isasasa-wangempela hhayi nobuqhawe presents "Impi Nokuthula". Rostov futhi Bolkonsky (okungukuthi - engxenyeni civil bemindeni) bahlale izigodi zabo kuze ithuba lokugcina wasithatha French. ngaleyo ndlela RostoVs uguqule indlu yakho ibe esibhedlela abalimele. Futhi lapho isitha iza eduze, Bala Ilya Andreyevich Rostov ngenhloso uya lokubangela incithakalo ngenxa Bakwethu lwakhe. Utshela yokulahla ukuba ukulungele kuhlengwe izinqola impahla abeyizuzile futhi uwaphuze ukopha amasosha Russian. Akakwazi ukwenza okuhlukile.

Prince UNikolai Bolkonsky esenqumile engabandlululi simelane isiFulentshi, yena Bald Hills uzihlomisa abalimi yayo futhi waba inhloko nezidlamlilo. Nokho, ngobusuku bangaphambi wathola izindaba ezimbi - yokubuyiswa Smolensk - nezilima kakade amandla akhe, futhi inhliziyo yakhe ungeme. Efa.

Natasha Rostov futhi Andrey Bolkonsky

Prince U-Andrew, umhlibitho ka "umuntu omuhle" yakhe esabela ukuzijabulisa wokuziphilisa, Okuxakayo at ibhola wahlangana uNatasha Rostova. Kungani kunjalo belesela wokuziphilisa? Kumelwe ukuba wadumala ngayo. Kuyinto indaba edabukisayo: uthando Andrey Bolkonsky washada nentombi yizicukuthwane uLisa. Wayeyithanda kuye, kodwa ngokwengqondo base kude. Kanye nonkosikazi wakhe osemusha, waya, ngenhloso eyodwa - siza wo ukuya amabhola kanye reception kuphi ukuhlala sibukela. Injabulo yemndeni isime ayisebenzanga, masinyane kwaba inkinga - kokufa Lisa ebeletha. Unkosikazi, "inkosazana kancane", wetha indodana yakhe u-Andreya. indlela abantu abakhuliswe ngayo, uyise wasebenza.

amaziyo engalindelekile uNatasha Rostova ngesikhathi ibhola, sengathi umoya oqabulayo, wanikina isikhulu abasha. UNatasha, oneminyaka mayelana nokwamukelwa Bolkonsky abasha, emimoya lokho eyayikufunda bancishwa - ukuhlakanipha inhliziyo. Zazinjani izihlabani zethu kulo mhlangano? Impendulo yalo mbuzo kuyosisiza waphinda ukuqhathanisa umndeni Bolkonsky futhi Rostov.

Natasha Rostova, intandokazi jikelele, ayikwazanga ngokwenyama kuphela nabantu obathandayo. Yena abathandanga ukuba ngomunye, ukucabanga. Kuyinto into efana bejabule entwasahlobo Ukuphoshoza mfudlana. Khumbula yesehlakalo ebuya empini UNikolai Rostov. Njengoba UTolstoy iveza uNatasha, ukuhlangabezana umfowethu? Hhayi njengoba umuntu, futhi njengoba isivunguvungu kwenjabulo ekusakazeni olubilayo amandla, "okuthile ... like nesiphepho uthethe off." Futhi lokhu kuyinto wavele "waqala ukuze amange."

Akusiyo ingozi emsebenzini UTolstoy wahlangana uNatasha Rostov futhi Andrey Bolkonsky, "leqhwa nomlilo". Futhi amalangabi incibilike ice, uthando lwabo indaba - umhlobiso real kule noveli ezinkulu. Umhlangano Andreya Bolkonskogo futhi uNatasha kuthonywa Prince. Yena kubonakale abasebasha. Amehlo akhe abandayo ukwahlulela incibilikiswa yazuza ayebuthaka kwenzeka imizwa vzaimoedinenie zabantu ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele. Ngaphambi kwalokho, wavuma ukuba kuphela kumbuthano elincane labantu. Natasha ngokushesha, kusukela umhlangano wokuqala bagqekeza lo mbuthano.

Kwenzeka kanjani (futhi maduze) ukuthi villain Anatole Kuragin isithukuthezi uNatasha iwakhelela ngokwabo, ukuthandana, owaqala ne ukuthumba umkhonyovu? Impendulo Akunzima ukumthola. Natasha njalo wahlala imizwa, futhi imizwa ezazivuswa abaqambimanga, ekhohlisayo. Nokho, it is edabula ukuqaphela nokuphenduka, ngabona ukuthi naye uyamthanda Bolkonsky abasha, kodwa kabi kakhulu, ukuzinikela zisetshenziselwe ukuba ngezamaphoyisa.

I yesithombe Andreya Bolkonskogo ukujula

Andrey Bolkonsky - omunye izithombe engcono ejulile ezincwadini Russian. Lev Nikolaevich UTolstoy Kutuzov wamnika umlomo isici: indlela yayo - indlela zobuhle, indlela yesevisi.

Isikhulu Ukubambezeleka has lonke ulwazi i-career brilliant: ukukhalipha, ingqondo, ukuqonda ezindabeni zezempi, ukuqonda. Ekuqaleni, yena zobugovu, ukucasuka. Nokho, ukuhlanzeka kwenhliziyo, isifiso sami sokukhonza le lawobaba, yinduna ngokucophelela futhi ngaqina yona le ibutho ukucacisa ngokuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kokuphila isikhundla Andreya Bolkonskogo.

Yiya kuvisisa egcwele yena njengoba umuntu, siza ngemuva kokuba abalimele, befa. Ngo nje kweminyaka embalwa impi kuye ukugcwaliseka ayeyiNdodana ukujula enjalo lapho abalandeli eshumini leminyaka elizayo. Uyabuqonda lokho othandweni lukaNkulunkulu.

Princess Mary

Ngo kwemibhalo nemibhalo ezihlukahlukene ngokuvamile ukubona isahlulelo ozithandayo uhlamvu zesifazane Lva Tolstogo kwaba uNatasha Rostova. Lokhu akulona iqiniso.

isithombe Classic ozithandayo - Princess uMariya. Kwakungenxa umbhali wakhe waze wamfaka eqolo ngoba yena - indlela wayemelela unina.

UTolstoy akazange amkhumbule. Washona obeletha Levet udade lapho eneminyaka engu-2 kuphela ubudala. Kusukela ebuntwaneni kanye esaphila umfanekiso unina okungcwele ngenxa yakudala. Lapho ezama ukucabanga kwakhe, yena ibukeke elithambile, ihlanzekile nge look ekhazimulayo esithambile. Classic wavuma ukuthi, ngisho ukuhlala "asebekhulile", he is a ihora ithuna "ethandaza isithombe sakhe," nomama kwasiza.

Asazi abahlala ubudlelwano phakathi Mary noyise (yokuthi kakade ehlanganiswa ngenhla). Qaphela ukuthi Princess Mary - intombazane, sithambekele ekubeni sivele wedwa, ukubonakalisa, ukuze beneficence. Ngaphandle, kuba "evamile" Nokho, kuze kube isikhathi lapho yomshayeli alikwazi ukubheka amehlo akhe, ubuhle ngempela luvela umphefumulo wakhe. Ukwazisa esashiwo UNikolai Rostov wakhe, ngokumsiza ukuba eyayimenza angabanjwa yi-isiFulentshi, ukuthi lagxila enhliziyweni. Kuyinto shado united nemindeni yabo Bolkonsky futhi Rostov.

Ukuqhathanisa la imindeni emibili yakudala ehloniphekile, yebo, elalihlotshiswe omunye amanoveli okuhamba phambili izincwadi emhlabeni.

isiphetho

Lva Tolstogo inoveli "Impi Nokuthula" - incwadi, indlela asenza sicabange ngayo futhi sihlaziye. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile manje ukuthi ukuphila ezizungezile ligcwele clichés, clichés. Namuhla, ngokuvamile abamele neqembu elilodwa yokuzijabulisa ngokwabo amalungu elinye generalized lasekuqaleni.

Minded njengomuntu njalo kufanele ubone iqiniso. Njengoba i-agumenti "ngoba" ukutadisha ngokucophelela isimo sawo womuntu kungaba "Impi Nokuthula", okuyinto bubonakala ngokucacile isibonelo kwamadoda asebukhosini, ukuthi bahlukile, ngokukhethekile, phakathi kwabo kukhona Bolkonsky, futhi Dolokhov, nokukhula, futhi Kuragino.