Manchuria futhi China

Inzalo bababusi endlini min wamemezela eNingizimu China (okubizwa ngokuthi Wik Ming) ayinawo amandla kwangempela futhi amandla. Izinduna amaqembu amaningi ukumelana isinyathelo bebodwa. Ngenxa yalokho, amabutho Qing kancane kancane walithatha lonke China, ephelezelwa ekubhujisweni ezinzima futhi ukulahlekelwa okukhulu zokuphila. Ikakhulukazi bephikelela wamelana ibutho Zheng Chenggong, abaye bathembela ezohwebo kanye izikebhe zamatshe oluseningizimu-esisempumalanga yezwe. Long Zheng Chenggong nenzalo yakhe bavikela kubahlaseli esiqhingini Taiwan, kwakufanele ngaphambilini ekhululiwe bamakoloni Dutch.

Imibuthano Isinqumo isiManchu isimo ngisho nangaphambi ekunqotshweni China bamukela izakhi eziningi isakhiwo sepolitiki nezokuphatha Chinese. On the ukubusa Qing uhulumeni wase-China cishe ngokuphelele lathathwa ezazingaphambi kwayo ngesimo ukuphathwa komphakathi, izindlela zokuxhashazwa uquqaba zokusebenza, icebo division kwezenhlalo kanye namalungelo lesigaba esibusayo, imithetho umhlaba, zomthetho kanye Ikhodi zokulawula, esemthethweni (Confucian) emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo Ukuhileleka ekubhekaneni amazwe. Nokho, konke lokhu isikhundla esasiyomzuzisa kakhulu control unit kanye isitebhisi yezenhlalakahle matasa Manchuria. Kwakumelwe iningi e omisiwe phakathi nokubusa Secretariat (Neyge) kanye Military Council (Tszyuntszichu). Kwakumelwe ingxenye enkulu wahlala izikhundla eliphakeme ezikhungweni emaphakathi kanye nahulumende wasekhaya Bantfu. Ngo ezandleni isiManchu izikhulu lidlule eningi ezweni, ngaphambili okungewakho bamazwe Chinese noma izingxenye isimo ezweni Isikhwama. izikhulu Junior futhi amasosha kwezinhloko zamaviyo isiManchu futhi benawo umhlaba endaweni yomcebo sezikhonzi wathola 300 mu emasimini olimekayo, troopers - 150, elihamba - 90 th. I Manchus wayenamalungelo ekunqumeni nakazaniy.Manchzhuriya lobugebengu Futhi China ...

Kunalokho, i-China e-ukuhanjiswa Qing baphoqeleka ukungena ngemvume ikhanda lakhe emuva bese uyeke scythe ku isitayela isiManchu (ngokwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo bejeziswa kanzima). I stratum esanda uvukile semi inceku labantu nasekuthengeni. uhulumeni isiManchu ozosusa bonke aqondiswe kubo khulula-ukucabanga, ukushiswa nokuphangwa "kokulungisa 'incwadi, ukuphishekela futhi ngokufeza abalobi zabo.

Ngo inqubomgomo angaphandle uhulumeni Qing ekhulwini XVII- XVIII. kanye inqubomgomo yamukelwa umbhedesho okungokwesiko eChina mayelana "achazwe" amandla obuphakeme umbusi phezu kwawo wonke nezizwe waqhamuka expansionism. Emuva ngo-1635 i-Manchus wahlulwa yayihlasela futhi yayinqoba i esimweni sabo eningizimu Mongolia - Chahar Khanate. Ngo 1637 ehlasela Korea, wanithwesa intela yakhe, wembatha isikhathi esithile e isikhundla sangempela eyinkosi ekhonza ngaphansi kukaNebukhadinezari. Ngo-1691 e-mbuso Qing ukuthi behlome ngemibese nengcindezi enamandla zamanxusa nezinsongo Northern Mongolia - Khalkha. Eminyakeni engu-80 kwekhulu XVII. kwakukhona izibhelu ahlomile amabutho Russian of uhulumeni Qing.

Manchuria futhi China