Umgomo we falsification

Igama elithi "falsification" livela amazwi Latin "Facio", okusho ukuthi "ukwenza" futhi "falsus" - ". Zamanga" Umqondo isetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yokuphila komuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona elithi "falsification izimpahla." Lesi senzo ihlose umthengi ukukhwabanisa manga iwumkhiqizo ukuze bazizuzise bona.

Isimiso kuyinto falsification ngu falsity theory usebenzisa ukuhlaziywa theory noma isilingo. Leli gama lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso yesayensi laqanjwa Popper.

Umgomo we falsification kusikisela ukuthi isayensi angabhekwa kuphela labo eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma okungase waphikisa ngokomthetho. Ngamanye amazwi, umbono yesayensi uyakwazi ukufakazela falsity yayo. Ezimbili uphinde falsification kukhona izinqubo ngokusemthethweni lesinesitfombe-sibuko. Lesi sakamuva lihlotshaniswa ukudabuka ukususa futhi lokungeniswa.

falsification simiso sisebenza kuphela isehlane ezizathwini enokwehla. Abakwazi enqabe khona imiphumela ethize zokuhlola noma ngenxa ukungavumelani ne eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma ayisisekelo. Nokho, ngokuhlanganisa sebuningini eyodwa ithiyori ukuthola indaba ecatshangwe ka imibono eyayisinesikhathi kunzima ngempela, njengoba kuvunyelwe izinguquko amanye izingcezwana ekuhlolweni kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela, esekelwe imiphumela zokuhlola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona isidingo sokulondoloza imibono sinqatshiwe ukudala ezizathwini ukuthi kusebenze kakhulu - izindlela ezingaphezu ezingaba ukuqinisekisa intuthuko yangempela ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba.

Umgomo we falsification ngezinye bokwenza efanayo. Omunye abalulekile ukuthola isikhundla ukuthi Ngokuqondene ubuhlobo isihlobo kanye iqiniso elimsulwa. Kulokhu, ulwazi lweqiniso isihlobo, Nokho, ukuthi falsity angakuthola uhlamvu ngokuphelele.

Njengoba hhayi amenable yiqiniso kwale ndaba. isimiso yokuqinisekisa futhi akukwazi ukuthi wazenza falsification. Ngamanye amazwi, lezi zinhlelo angeke nofana awa ngokusebenzisa ubufakazi lalo.

Isimiso Falsifikatsionny kuyinto ifinyelele esiphethweni esinengqondo neopositivist ukufakwa lokufeza ukuhlaziya abagxeka wonke, kuhlanganise ulwazi zefilosofi.

Umqondo eyinhloko nefilosofi samanje isimiso inothi yokuqinisekisa yolwazi zefilosofi ukuhlaziywa okunomqondo ngolimi lwesayensi, ukuchazwa wezibalo kanye logic njengoba izinguquko esisemthethweni yesayensi ashiwo kubahlanganyeli Vienna Circle wezibalo kanye logic. Lezi imibono sesingochwepheshe othandwayo kuleli namathathu banesifo esibi futhi forties.

Isimiso sokuqinisekisa, ngokukhethekile, walungisiswa Schlick (ikhanda lembuthano) futhi wawuthi njalo isitatimende yesayensi, ezinengqondo, zingancishiswa tinhlobo letehlukene imisho protocol, okuyinto kumele zihlolelwe empirically. Labo iziphakamiso ukuthi Akulula isebenzisa le nqubo, esingavunyelwe ngaphansi ukunciphisa ukuze amaqiniso enokwehla, imibono ezibhekwa bancishwa injongo.

Esikhundleni nendlela ye ezinhle okunengqondo weza postpositivism. Lokhu amagama abukhuni ngokusebenzisa izinsiza methodological akuyona ikakhulukazi zefilosofi uhlelo, esikoleni noma Yiqiniso. Postpositivism isigaba wefilosofi ngokwesayensi. ukuhlasela kwakhe lihlotshaniswa ukukhululwa umsebenzi methodological yebhuku Popper futhi Kuhn sika.

Isici esiphawulekayo kulesigaba - izinhlobonhlobo abalulekile imiqondo methodological, kanye nokugxeka zabo bobabili. Postpositivism kuvunywe ukuthi umlando yesayensi izinguquko izinguquko kanye abalulekile azinakugwenywa. Bahola ukuthi kubuyekezwe yolwazi yangaphambilini ye umsindo nesemthethweni. Popper wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi akukho logic exhasa. Kule ndaba, ngomzamo ukusakaza iqiniso enokwehla ezingeni theory ezingenathemba. Ngakho, Popper kubonisa khona ngaphakathi elimazayo deductive logic ebanjwayo, okuyinto isimiso lokukhwabanisa.