Umdwebo "American Gothic" (Vud Grant)

Geniuses Abaningi futhi Abadali kwezobuciko ababhekwa abagxeki futhi umphakathi phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Kule minyaka edlule, baqala ukuqonda futhi uzizwe, ngokuqinile bekholelwa ukuthi umculi noma imbongi kwadingeka umbono wakhe siqu okhethekile ezintweni. Yilokho lapho beqala ezijabule, ubalwe njengenye abantu ngendlela emangalisayo abanamakhono kule nkathi yakhe. Yilokho okwenzeka Grant Izinkuni, oneminyaka engu-cishe eyikhulu edlule zaveza umbono kwabo kuyindlela yokuphila izakhamuzi ze-Nguqulo Yezwe e Umdwebo "American Gothic." Kwaba umculi nzima impela, nge uhlamvu yayo siqu futhi ngesandla.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana sasebuntwaneni umculi

Abagxeki abaningi futhi ochwepheshe emkhakheni wezobuciko bakholelwa ukuthi ngaphambi ngokuhlaziya isithombe, ikakhulukazi kulowo ophikisene kubange ukukhala elikhulu umphakathi, kubalulekile ukufunda kancane umdali wobuciko. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe kuphela ukuze baqonde izisusa noma isithembiso mculi. Akhuluma ngokuzokwenzeka Izinkuni Grant yokudweba "American Gothic," okuyinto namanje kuyindaba yokukhathalelwa mpikiswano kanye ukungavumelani okuthile phakathi ochwepheshe zomhlaba, kufanele kusho ukuthi iminyaka yokuqala kwaba zingezona ezibonakalayo.

Yazalwa ngo-epulazini elincane wezolimo onqenqemeni -Iowa, isimiso e Melika. Ngaphezu umkhaya wakhe kwadingeka abafana ababili nentombazane. Ubaba kwahluka ulaka okukhulu. Kube kuhle ekuqaleni wafa. Grant babe nobuhlobo obuseduze futhi nginethemba nonina, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi lokhu, futhi waqhubeka ekhula ehlala ebucayi kakhulu, nabangenabani abanamakhono kunazo zonke izingane ekhaya.

ubuhlakani zibe nenzuzo

Ukukhulela bese ukhetha indlela yobuciko, Grant wabhala inombolo ezanele imidwebo, kodwa umsebenzi wakhe engakaze esikalini kahle. It ayibonwa ubuciko, ngokuvamile ngisho niqonda umsebenzi wakhe sina.

Mayelana nesikhathi lapho lesi sithombe ngesineke

"American Gothic" ngomculi American Grant Izinkuni yabhalwa ngo-1930. Lesi sikhathi, kwaba nzima ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

1. Okokuqala, ngo-1929, e-America, izinkinga zezomnotho, okuyinto ngenhlanhla akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa izinyathelo okusheshayo isimo emkhakheni ukwakhiwa kanye nezimboni. Izwe yamisa entsha, bonobumba eliphezulu liphumele izakhiwo. Kwakuyinkathi emisha kanye nobuchwepheshe.
2. Okwesibili, emhlabeni wonke futhi usheshe ngangokunokwenzeka umkhakha, ikhula ngesivinini wobushiqela. Umkhuba omusha futhi imibono yabantu-Adolf Hitler sika unamandla ezingqondweni zabantu ababezama Ilungile esizayo.
3. Kulesi uhlu, mhlawumbe, ukuze ungeze ngaphezulu kanye neqiniso lokuthi siphathelene mathupha umculi. Vud Grant kakade wayesesebenze isikhathi esanele eFrance eMunich, eJalimane. Ezinye bagxeki babenombono wokuthi lezi ukuzulazula emhlabeni wonke baye banezela mdwebo "American Gothic" okuningi ngendlela European zokuphila.

Phela okungenhla, ungazama ukwenza uhlobo oluthile umbono umdwebi, ubuntu bakhe futhi ukuphila. Kodwa uma lokhu kwenziwa, kubalulekile ukuba beqe ngqo ukuhlaziywa isithombe "American Gothic."

Zonke lemininingwane

Hlaziya Iwebhu ingaba kuphela uma kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe. Ngakho, ongaphambili amadoda amabili bavezwa: owesifazane futhi indoda obonakala emdala wakhe. Vud Grant akushilo ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi wazama ukubonisa kukayise nendodakazi, kodwa ukuthi ngesineke udadewabo kanye wamazinyo Byron McKibben ezaziwayo. Ngokusho umculi, lona wamuva kwahluka ngempela futhi ehlala ejabule. Nokho, lo mdwebo "American Gothic" Yena ibonakala agodliwe umuntu, uma akazange abe nokhahlo. amehlo akhe iqondiswa ngqo iso esikhundleni salokho okufanele likubone kulowo muntu ngendwangu, futhi kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuqonda lokutawulandzela: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyamamatheka, noma uthukuthele. ubuso bakhe kuhlehlela ngokuningiliziwe ukuze ungenza yonke umbimbi, lapho kuvame.

Buka owesifazane ezikhomba ohlangothini, endaweni ethile ngale mdwebo. Le ndoda nendodakazi yakhe kukhona maphakathi, futhi lona wesifazane ebambe nengalo ixhegu. Wayeqhubeka nemfoloko okuhloswe abukhali bakhe kuqhubeke, ayigcine yayinzima kakhulu ngokwanele. uma efanekiselwa Grant Izinkuni umbono bantu bazama ukuvikela indlu yakho ngokumelene okuyinto basondela.

Indlu kuyinto esakhiweni esidala ngesitayela American. Esinye imininingwane ebonisa ukuthi lapho sibheka: umdwebo kwenziwa ngumsebenzi wezandla zomuntu: amadoda ihembe, iphinifa abesifazane, yebo, ngempela, futhi uphahla mansard.

Uma sibheka sangemuva yokudweba "American Gothic", bese kubonakala sengathi Grant Vud awazange asinakekele ngokwanele kuwo. Izihlahla ethulwa ngesimo zeJiyomethri, futhi ngokuphelele awathandi ngokufingqiwe. By endleleni, uma ubuka eduze, isithombe geometry kakhulu: ophahleni elingunxantathu, amafasitela emgceni locondzile, izimfoloko ezisukunyiswe piping ku jacket babantu.

Ithoni lapho kulotshiwe ishidi, lingachazwa ngokuthi ngempela ezolile. Mhlawumbe lena yiyona ndlela bonke incazelo yokudweba "American Gothic", okuyindawo kuyacaca ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi baseMelika usulibonile ngokwakho, lezi zindlu babe cishe yonke imindeni abahlala West kanye-East coast-mpumalanga yezwe.

umphakathi Ukuhlolwa

Umdwebo "American Gothic" wadala furor. Othile wayejabule, kodwa kwakukhona neze. Iowa izakhamizi nomuzwa wokuthi umfanekiso indlela yabo yokuphila yinhlekisa umculi, futhi omunye umma baze basongela ngobudlova ku Grant Izinkuni. Wathembisa ukuthi ukuluma wayinquma indlebe. Abantu abaningi osolwa umculi e antipathy noma yini entsha, embiza ngokuthi i ngoludala futhi umzenzisi, ngoba iyiso indlu endala onqenqemeni impuncuko entsha. Umdwebi wake wathi mayelana ifilimu yakhe: "Ngazama ukuyichazela la madoda njengoba base kimi kangangokuba ngangazi impilo ...".

ekhulwini leminyaka kamuva

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngemva kwesikhashana isithombe namanje esiqongweni ukuthandwa. Kwenza ukubayisigebengu, it is bayahlonishwa, abaqondi ke. Kodwa konke lokhu akazange akuvimbele ukukhandwa "American Gothic 'abe uhlobo uphawu indlela yokuphila leyo minyaka. Ngemva ngaleyo minyaka engaba ikhulu ukugxeka bangaxoxa ke umoya nolungenakunyakaziswa amaphayona American. Nokho, into yokugcina okufanele ukusho: Grant Vud wakwazi 'hook "lenqwaba abantu wobuciko yakhe, ukuphoqa umphakathi ukuba uxoxisane uxabana mayelana mdwebo" American Gothic. "