Ulwandle enkulu

Man idonse njalo akwaziwa. Ulwandle njengoba ingxenye yaleli zwe ongaqondakali babe yiziphazamiso ezihehayo ikakhulukazi. Njengengxenye izilwandle zomhlaba, bayehluka ngobukhulu, ukujula, isikhathi kanye indlela imfundo, amazinga usawoti, ngasinye flora zayo siqu eliyingqayizivele nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

Ngesikhathi esikhundleni indawo yasolwandle yangaphakathi, eziseceleni nemibhalo inter-isiqhingi. Futhi izazi zokuma komhlaba ziye wabahlukanisa kwakhiwa ezindaweni lapho walala ikhefu enkulu ungqimba lomhlaba, futhi zitholakala eshalofini Continental, okubangelwa esibhekana nayo lapho amanzi ezilwandle Ugcwalise izingxenye eziqhelile zaleli zwekazi.

Ososayensi namanje abakazi ukuvumelana empikiswaneni inani izilwandle emhlabeni. Futhi isizathu salokhu umbuzo kuyini kolwandle. Ukuthi ubheke lo mqondo kwamadamu okugcina amanzi omkhulu yangaphakathi, isibonelo, yoLwandle iCaspian kanye Dead, noma ingabe bonke echibini elifanayo? Futhi yini okufanele uyenze nge ingxenye olwandle, okuyinto kungagcini kuphela imisinga?

Hlobo luni ulwandle kufike komkhulu wabo, futhi yini luncane? Uyini ezijule kakhulu, futhi lokho kuyinto enhle kakhulu emhlabeni? It njalo kuphakamisa izigidi imibuzo.

I enkulu endaweni ulwandle kuyingxenye Atlantic Ocean. -Sargassovo igama lakhe, futhi le ndawo - mayelana kwezigidi eziyisikhombisa amakhilomitha square. Kukhona izici zayo eyinqaba nje kuye: kolwandle enkulu ayinakho osogwini olusenyakatho, futhi imingcele yayo kunqunywa efudumele Gulf Stream, ngaphezu, amanzi awo aba esobala kakhulu, kanye ebusweni embozwe kelp.

Ulwandle ejulile emhlabeni - Philippine. Njengoba inter-esiqhingini ePacific Ocean, itholakala phakathi amaqembu Japanese futhi Philippine Islands futhi isiqhingi Taiwan. Uma sicabangela Mariana Trench yayo (esiphezulu) odinnadtsatikilometrovy ukujula Uphule wonke amarekhodi. Kodwa labo ososayensi abakholelwa ukuthi kolwandle liyadingeka abe lolwandle (kanye Sargasso awusebenzi), baveza ukuthi le Philippine akuyona kuphela ejulile kodwa futhi kolwandle enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. endaweni yayo ingaphezu 5 million amakhilomitha square.

Kulandele Philippines simo wezilwandle ejulile Coral. Itholakala Pacific Ocean wageza ngu-Australia, eNew Guinea New Caledonia. Ukujula esiphezulu lapha - amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka eziyisishiyagalolunye. Isici esiyinhloko oluhlukanisa igama esethiwa kolwandle. kwamakhorali ezingenakubalwa, okwathiya ukunyakaza lwemikhumbi, ukujula omkhulu, ngisho izinga lokushisa eliphezulu amanzi ifinyelela 28 degrees - yilokho ihlukanisa uLwandle Coral. Kwenza Ukwakheka ekhethekile nezinhlobo kwabakhileyo: izimbaza - izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka yizinkulungwane ezintathu izinhlanzi ezahlukene - zinhlobo ayizinkulungwane ezimbili, echinoderms, kuhlanganise ezinesihlungu, yingozi abantu, - zinhlobo angamakhulu amathathu oshaka - ngamanani amakhulu.

Kodwa kukhona ulwandle olukhulu kakhulu, i-ejulile, ngakho ososayensi bazimisele futhi uye kulencane kakhulu. Ngo indawo yokugcina simo-ke wathatha Yellow Sea, okuyinto kokubili kulencane endaweni (416,000 amakhilomitha square), futhi uye kulencane kakhulu. Igama layo ithole kusukela umbala amanzi. Kuyinto ephuzi ngombala notshwala kukhona olwandle, futhi umfula Chinese nangebala siluthuli iziphepho amandla awo uyakwazi ngisho ukuyeka lokuthumela okwesikhashana.

Kepha lizinga usawoti, kolwandle enkulu akuyona okunosawoti kakhulu. Khona-ke entendeni waya eLwandle Olubomvu. Okungukuthi, ngaphandle inflow sangaphandle fresh emfuleni kwemali, lemali kanzulu kakhulu usawoti kulawo manzi iminyaka eminingi. Lokhu kwamenza wafuna hhayi kuphela usawoti, kodwa futhi omunye olufudumele nge flora emangalisa kanye nezilwane umhlaba wabo amanzi.

Amandla angenamkhawulo kolwandle, okuyinto usinikeza izindlela zokuziphilisa kanye nekhono Generating isici, ababhubhise, njalo Wakha indoda lokusungula. Mayelana Sea abangu yezinganekwane, zaveza izithombe, tinkondlo esizinikezele kuye ebhaliwe. Futhi izimfihlo olwandle kuyoba isihloko Ukutadisha ososayensi engcono emhlabeni wonke iminyaka eminingi.