Ukwakhiwa Uzimele: ubuchwepheshe kanye nomklamo

Timber Uhlaka endlini ngasiphi isikhathi okunikeziwe nje zithandwa kakhulu abanikazi ezindaweni suburban. Ngezindleko eziphansi, bayehluka isisindo izinzuzo obungenakuphikwa. Omunye izinzuzo kwezakhiwo sinjalo kalula ukwakhiwa. Kuyinto engenzeka ngempela ulula - ukwakha ngohlaka lwensimbi. Ubuchwepheshe yokwakhiwa kwalesi uhlobo izindlu futhi uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Izinhlobo Uhlaka izindlu

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela izinhlobo ezinkulu izindlu. Ngokuvamile basuke bazakha ku ubuchwepheshe Finnish. Le nqubo ibizwa esintwini kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi yaziwa. izindlu Finnish zakhelwe ohlakeni lokhuni futhi ngci nge mineral uvolo. Eminyakeni yamuva, kuyanda okwandisa nezinye isakhiwo Uhlaka ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe - Canadian. Kulokhu, usebenzisa SIP panel.

Indlela dala iphrojekthi

ukwakhiwa Uzimele okuzokwenziwa ezichazwe ngezansi ubuchwepheshe, njenganoma iyiphi enye, uthome kwakhiwe luhlaka. Okokuqala, kufanele uthole ukuthi endaweni yendlu kanye isakhiwo yayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba ukhethe indawo efanele yokwakha. Ngaphambi kwakhiwe umakhelwane kocingo kufanele ahlale okungenani 3 amamitha isikhala ukuze ubuke kuqala umugqa "red" - okungenani 5 m.

Futhi uzodinga ukukhetha engela kwesokudla emthambekeni ophahleni. Okunqumayo ngokuvumelana uhlobo ukufulela impahla kanye umoya neqhwa imithwalo kule ndawo ethize.

Le phrojekthi ihlanganisa:

• indawo uhlelo indawo ekhonjiswe ke ikusasa endlini futhi likhomba indlela yokudla wezokuxhumana;
• lelivakalako engaphelele kanye profile of isakhiwo;
• uhlelo ephakathi kwendlu;
• indaba emfushane noma 3D-imodeli;
• Ithebula nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo.

isisekelo

ukwakhiwa Uzimele (ngezandla zabo noma ubuchwepheshe ochwepheshe), kanye nanoma iyiphi enye, eziqala ukwakhiwa base okuthembekile. Ngaphansi izindlu ezinjalo zivame ukufakwa tape noma inqwaba-rostverkovye izisekelo. Ukugcwalisa wenza kusukela ukhonkolo (usimende-isihlabathi-amatshe ngezabelo 1: 3: 5). ngaleyo ndlela Umsebenzi kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ikhishwa indlela ngokubala "unxantathu waseGibhithe".
• Wemba umsele noma umgodi ngaphansi kwezinsika.
• Ezansi le ungqimba isihlabathi kuthululwe 20-25 cm.
• Esimweni is batheleka ungqimba mayelana 5 cm.
• Setha formwork. Ukuze strip isisekelo ke zingenziwa ngokhuni, ngoba columnar - of ukufulela impahla.
• It lubopha futhi isethwe ukuqinisa yezinyoni. Bona ukuqoqa ke kusukela induku 12 mm ukujiya.
• Umsele noma imbobo egcwele ukhonkolo. Ebusweni ulaliswe ngokucophelela phansi ingxube level.

Top wathela yokugcizelela imishudo. Kuyodingeka ukukhweza sill.

Qala isakhiwo isidumbu

Ukwakhiwa izindonga uqale nge ukufakwa sill. Kwenze kusuka ugodo 100 x 100 noma 150 x 150 mm. Bese nasezinsikeni amabhawudo ihange. Ngo emakhoneni Amabha ukuxhuma indlela "e nengxenye-esihlahleni". Foundation ngaphambi kokufaka isidingo siyihlolisise ezingeni phezu ovundlile. Nokuvikela Icwele ezimbili ukufulela impahla, kunanyathelwe mastic asphalt. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina ukuzizuzela piping ngaphansi joists phansi.

Racks ukukhweza

Finnish ukwakhiwa isidumbu ubuchwepheshe - eqinisweni, indlela silula. Ngemva wesitimela aphansi iqinile, uqale, eqinisweni, ukuze ukwakhiwa izindonga. Eyokuqala isethi izigxobo. Bopha ukuba isisekelo kungaba lashukumisa emakhoneni steel. Ngokulandelayo, ukubeka zasesiteji Lesisemkhatsini. Ngemva efakiwe, uqhubekele ukufakwa ngombala engenhla. Unamathisela liphinde lashukumisa emakhoneni. Ukubophela uzodinga ukulungisa joists phansi.

Ukubuthanela uhlelo ophahleni

Uma kohlaka izindonga, uqale ukufakwa ophahleni saphansi. joists Oku-igxile ukukhwezwa yokubeka. Ngokulandelayo, ukuthi yizinto ezihlobene yokhalo isigxobo. Khona-ke ukuphuma semishayweni. Ngokuhlanganisa nabo ngazimbili, ephakamisela ophahleni futhi ifakiwe, ukuvikela phezu run. Phezulu imilenze ngombala awashintsheki ngezipikili noma izindawo.

"Pie" izindonga

ukwakhiwa Uzimele (walling ubuchwepheshe) kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kuphela eliphezulu heater yesimanje. Lokhu kungaba uvolo basalt noma polystyrene. Ukunquma Uhlaka isiqalo emva inhlangano truss uhlelo. Okokuqala, ingaphakathi isakhiwo yokubeka ukudonsa ukwahlukanisa ifilimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukukhwezwa OSB noma ipulangwe amashidi. Khona-ke, phakathi uprights ngaphandle ukufaka vraspor amaminerali uvolo Slabs. Esigabeni esilandelayo phezu heater ukukhwezwa ifilimu amanzi. Vikela kahle ku amagejambazo. Okulandelayo sheathe izindonga nge zamapulangwe noma clapboard.

ophahleni sheathing

Ukufakwa ophahleni iqala nge ukulungisa semishayweni ungangenisi amanzi. Le filimu kwaba fixed nendawo nge ehle kancane. likhreyithi Landelayo eyayigcwele ogibele siqu impahla yakhe yophahla.

ukwakhiwa Uzimele: ubuchwepheshe kusukela Canada

Lapho ukuhlangana izakhiwo on the Canadian ubuchwepheshe isisekelo nophahla zakhelwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngemva ethela isisekelo ukukubeka lags, futhi kuphela kubo - iphaneli SIP-phansi. Uwafake phezu ngezikulufo, futhi ngezikhathi phakathi kwabo zapenivayut.

Okulandelayo flooring siphelile abethela ugodo strapping. Ukuze wenze lokhu ngokusebenzisa futhi ibha egumbini elingaphansi umgodi yamba. Egibele ungene imishudo ihange. Amajaji lokuqala ogibele Ekhoneni endlini. It is kuqondaniswe ngu ezingeni futhi kuvikelwe kuya strapping Brus ngezikulufo (the protrusion OSB ibhodi). Okulandelayo ekhoneni - at engele unelungelo lokuqala - ukusetha iphaneli yesibili. Khona-ke, ngendlela efanayo leyongxenye esele kwaba eqoqwe izindonga. Imikhawulo panel ngaphambi kokufaka zapenivayut. Nomunye sihlanganyela nabo nge ngezikulufo (220 mm). emaphethelweni phezulu panel zivaliwe amabhodi strapping.

Uzimele-Monolithic ubuchwepheshe ukwakhiwa

Izindlu ezisezindaweni izibuya eziningana lingakhiwa futhi ngendlela ethé ukuhluka kancane. Kulokhu, njengoba nje ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ku ubuchwepheshe Finnish, kuqala uya ukubiyela kanye ambozwe isetshenziswa njengoba formwork ngoba ethela ukhonkolo noma Foam mix ukhonkolo. Ukubhekana izindlu ezinjalo ngokuvamile olungaphambili lwesonto umoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba yokuqedela sokugcina ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa zamapulangwe noma asezindongeni.

Njengoba ubona, Canadian ukwakhiwa ubuchwepheshe Uhlaka izindlu, njengoba Finnish noma Monolithic, eyinkimbinkimbi ethile alihlukile. Uma ufisa sokwakha ezifana isakhiwo bezingeke neze zibe nzima kakhulu.