Ukushaywa yisisu kuyinto ischemic futhi isifo isisu: yini umehluko?

Ukushaya isifo yisifo esivame kakhulu futhi esiyingozi, lapho kukhona ukwephula ukujikelezwa kobuchopho. Ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi wezobuchopho kwamanye amasayithi wehlisa noma awunakho ngokuphelele.

Isibungu

Njalo ngonyaka abantu abaningi abasha, ikakhulukazi abafundi, baya esibhedlela ngesifo esinjalo. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi ukutadisha nokulungiselela izivivinyo kuthatha isikhathi esiningi futhi abafundi abakhuthele kakhulu abanamathuba okuphumula. Ukushaywa yisisu kulokhu kungumphumela wokusebenza ngokweqile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwehla kwesifo: ukushaya ischemic kanye nokushaya kwesisu. Ngaphambi kokubeka ukwelashwa, odokotela badinga ukunquma ngokunembile uhlobo lokugula. Phela, izenzo ezalandela zizoxhomeka kulokhu. Lokhu akulula ukwenza, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zombili zinempawu eziningana ezifanayo. Ukuze ngandlela-thile kunciphise isimo, kubalulekile ukuhlola uhlobo ngalunye ngokuningiliziwe.

Izici zesifo sochungechunge

Indlela yokwahlukanisa isifo sochungechunge nesimiso esibi? Ekuqaleni kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ngenxa yokunciphisa imithwalo yegazi nokubunjwa kwamabhulogi. I-oksijeni nezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze ukusebenza kahle kobuchopho kuphele ukugeleza. Khona-ke amangqamuzana obuchopho aqala ukufa nje. Le nqubo ibizwa nangokuthi i -infarction ye-cerebral.

Ukuqedwa kokufa kwamaseli ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukuvuselelwa kwawo kufike emahoreni angu-48. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungani imbangela yokuqala kwesifo se-ischemic, ngokuxilongwa ngesikhathi esifanele, isiguli sisekhona ithuba lokubalekela. Ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi kukuvumela ukuba ulungise ubuchopho futhi ugweme ukukhubazeka noma ukufa.

Kodwa-ke, uma isikhathi esiyigugu sesilahlekile, kungaba khona i-edema yezincubu zobuchopho, kuzokwanda ngesayizi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kuyokwenzeka.

Izici zesifo esibuhlungu

Ukushaywa kwesifo esingajwayelekile kuncane kakhulu kune-stroke ye-ischemic. Uvame ukuvezwa kubantu abasha. Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke luyingozi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kwekhulu kunomphumela obulalayo.

Lapho isifo esihlasela isifo senhliziyo sisuke sinesifo somzimba. Le nqubo ingahambisana nokuphuka kwemithambo yegazi. Kungabuye futhi kuqhubeke ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ubuqotho begobolondo labo. Uma ukuqhuma kwemithambo yegazi kugeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, ukwakha i-hematomas nokuvuvukala. Uma kungabikho ukuphuka, izindonga zezimpahla ziqala ukwelula futhi zivumele igazi ukuba lidlulele ezingxenyeni zobuchopho ezizungezile. Umphumela we-hemorrhage ingaba izibhamu nezinhlamvu eziningi, ezikhulayo zibe ama-cysts.

Njengoba sibona, ingozi empilweni yabantu isischemic kanye nesifo esibi kakhulu, umehluko kuphela imbangela yokubukeka kwabo.

Indawo Yengozi

Endaweni engcupheni ye-ischemia yilabo bantu abaphethwe yisifo sikashukela, isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo, abanegazi eliphansi lokuhlangana futhi abanesimo sokufa. Futhi esongelwa yiziguli ezithwala ngokweqile. Isizathu sokugcina emphakathini wanamuhla siye saba yinto evamile kakhulu. Phela, inani labantu abahlushwa ukukhuluphala likhula minyaka yonke. Kungenzeka nokuthi kuzoba nesifo sochungechunge ngemuva kwesifo esibuhlungu.

Kulesi simo, iziguli ezinegazi eliphakeme kanye nabantu abanokukhuluphala nabo bawela eqenjini eliyinhlekelele. Lolu hlobo lwe-stroke luthinta abantu abanezinkinga ezingavamile zokuzalwa kwegazi. Ukudakwa ngokweqile komzimba nakho kungabangela imbangela yokushaya isifo esibi, kanye ne-avitaminosis, izifo ezinama-vascular and other processes inflammatory.

Imikhuba emibi ngendlela yokubhema nokuphuza utshwala nayo ibangela ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo.

Izimpawu zesifo

I-stroke ibonisa kanjani ischemic, i-hemorrhagic? Izimpawu zesifo ngokuvamile ziqala ukuvela kusihlwa noma ebusuku ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo. Izimpawu zokuqala zivele ngokushesha kakhulu futhi zidale ukuwohloka okubukhali enhlalakahleni.

Isigulane sinenhliziyo yesifo senhliziyo nokuhlunguphaza esifubeni. Umuntu uzizwa ebuthakathaka, ekhukhumezekile, enesiyaluyalu. Kukhona ukuphazanyiswa kokulinganisela, inkulumo kanye nokungafihli kobuso kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, umuzwa wokushisa, ukulala, noma ukuvusa okungazelelwe.

Izimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa kwamadoda nabesifazane zingase zihluke.

Iskemiksi nesifo esibuhlungu. Ukungafani okubonakalayo kumadoda nabesifazane

Ngesigamu esinamandla sabantu, ukushaywa yisifo yisine sesisusa esibangela ukufa. Nge- cerebral ischemia , babonisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokushaywa yisifo, indoda ingase iphazamiseke yizinsizwa ezinzima kanye nosizi.
2. Kungase kube nokuwohloka okubukhali embonweni.
3. Ukunciphisa nokugubha kwengqondo.
4. Esikhathini esithile, isiguli singase singakwazi ukufaka imilenze.

Uhlangothi olusengozini luvela ngenxa yokwehlukana kwemikhumbi ye-cerebral, futhi ngenxa yalokho, indoda ingawela ku-coma.

Izimpawu ezihambisana nalolu hlobo lwe-stroke emadodeni zimi kanje:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
• Ukuphefumula okukhulu nombala obomvu;
• Ukuvota;
• Kungabonwa ukuhlukunyezwa okuzimele;
• Ukubukeka okungafani;
• Kukhona ukukhubazeka, lapho i-asymmetry ebusweni ibonakala khona.

Uma umuntu one-stroke enegazi efa engakapheli unyaka, nakanjani uzohlala engavumelekile impilo yakhe yonke.

Ingozi yesifo somuntu wesifazane yukuthi izibonakaliso zakhe zokuqala (ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo, ukuhlukumeza, ukuhlanza, ukuguquka kwemithi, ubuthakathaka, umlomo owomile, ubuhlungu besifuba, izinkinga zokuphefumula) akukwazi njalo ukuhambisana nokujikeleza kwegazi okukhubazekile ebuchosheni.

Amathuba okushaya isifo kwabesifazane kaningi izikhathi eziphakeme kunengozi yamadoda. Njengoba ubulili obuhle kakhulu abucindezeli futhi buvame ukulungiswa ezinkingeni zabo, futhi lokhu kuyindawo evundile yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokuvamile kufanele bagweme izimo ezicindezelayo nezimpikiswano.

Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhlaselwa, owesifazane uqala ukuzizwa:

• Amakhanda amancane;
• Ubumbano obusweni kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba;
• Ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana;
• Umbono okhubazekile, ukuzwa nokukhuluma.

Ukushaywa yisisu nesimiso esibuhlungu - lezi zifo ezibi kakhulu kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Futhi uma ubona izimpawu zokuqala, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha, ngoba yonke iminithi iyigugu.

Iyiphi i-hemisphere ethinteka?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingase zihluke kuye ngokuthi yiyiphi i-hemisphere yobuchopho ethintekayo. Nge-stroke kwesokunxele kunezinkinga ngenkulumo, ukungabi nokucabanga okunengqondo. Uhlangothi lwesokudla nomzimba lususwa. I-hemisphere engakwesokunxele ivame kakhulu kubantu abane-arrhythmia futhi banesisindo somzimba ngokweqile. Phela, lesi sigaba sithandwa kakhulu ekubunjweni kwe-thrombi.

Nge-stroke e-hemisphere yesokunxele, umsebenzi womzimba wesiguli uvuselelwa ngokushesha. Kodwa ngezinkulumo nenkumbulo izinto zimbi kakhulu. Isiguli asiqondi kahle inkulumo yomunye, ayikwazi ukubhala, unenkinga ngokuphendula. Kulesi simo, inkulumo ayikwazi ukululama nhlobo. I-hemisphere engakwesokunxele ibhekwa njengento evame kakhulu.

Ukuthola ukushaywa kwe-hemisphere elungile kunzima kakhudlwana kunokwesobunxele, ngoba lolo cala lubangela imizwa nemizwelo.

Kulesi simo, umuntu unesimo esicindezelekile nokukhubazeka kwesokunxele somzimba. Abantu abanalo ukuxilongwa bakhumbula isikhathi sabo esidlule kakhulu, kodwa bakhohlwe izenzakalo zosuku lwamanje.

Ukuze uphinde ululame ngenxa yesifo esinjalo, kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi. Emva kwakho konke, isiguli asiyeke ukuzwa izitho zakhe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umzimba wonke.

Uma ukushaya kwesigungu sokunene kungabonwa futhi kugcizelele izimpawu: isizungu, ukuphazamiseka emkhathini, umuntu uyeka ukuzwa ijubane lokunyakaza futhi akahlukanisi ukuma kwento.

Izifo

Kanjani ukutholakala kwesifo se-ischemic, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe? Ukuze unqume lesi sifo, ungacela isiguli ukuthi senze izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:

1. Ukumamatheka. Uma izingxenyana zezindebe ngakolunye uhlangothi zihlala ziyancipha, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi loluhlangothi lwesobuso alulaleli.
2. Yisho igama eligcwele kanye negama elidumile. Uma inkulumo ihamba kancane futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, isiguli sidinga esibhedlela esiphuthumayo.
3. Phakamisa izandla zakho ezingeni elilodwa. Nge-stroke, akunakwenzeka.
4. Namathela ulimi lwakho. Uma i-asymmetric, futhi iyisifo sesifo.

Lezi zibonakaliso zingase zibonise isifo socwaningo lwe-ischemic nesifo esibi. Ukuhlukana kwezinhlobo ezithile ezivela kwenye kungatholakala kuphela uma kuqhuba i-RMT. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhipha ukuthi ezinye izifo kungenzeka futhi ukuhlola ukugxila kwesikhumba sobuchopho.

Uma usola ukuthi u-ischemic is stroke, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngesimo se- ultrasound yezinto ezise entanyeni nobuchopho, i-X-ray yezikebhe iyadingeka. I-electrocardiogram kufanele iqoshwe amahora angu-24 ngosuku.

Nge-stroke eyingozi, i- ultrasound yemikhumbi ye-cerebral nokubonisana kwe-neurosurgeon kunqunywe.

Ukwelapha

Umuntu kufanele aphathwe kanjani uma une-ischemic, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe? Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhutshwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ezinhlobonhlobo eziningana: jikelele kanye ngqo. Ziyini lezi zinhlobo?

Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kuyafana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo. Iqukethe ukujwayela kwesimiso senhliziyo, umsebenzi wokuphefumula, nokunciphisa i-edema yobuchopho.

Sithole ukuthi singanquma kanjani ukushaywa kwesifo esibucayi nesischemic. Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zezifo ngaphezu kwezibonakaliso kuzoba ukwelashwa okuqondile.

Ngokwe-infarction ye-cerebral, izinqubo kufanele zenziwe ukuze kulungiswe ukujikeleza kwegazi endaweni yokulimala. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zingenziwa kokubili ngosizo lokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Futhi kuyadingeka ukuba ugcine umsebenzi ojwayelekile wengqondo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziswa imithi ehlukahlukene, okumele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile kodokotela.

Nge-stroke eyingozi, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwodonga lwama-vascular nokuvimbela ukubola kwe-thrombus esele yenziwe. Ukuze kungabi nesifo sochungechunge ngemuva kwesifo esiyingozi, umzimba wesiguli unikwa imithi ngokuhambisana nokulawula okuqinile kwengcindezi yegazi. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokwelapha isifo esiwumshayabhuqe iwukuhlinzwa. Nakuba odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa ezinye izindlela.

Ukushaywa yisisu kuyinto ischemic futhi isifo isisu. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Ukuze ungalokothi uzwe lokhu kucatshangelwa okubi, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezilandelayo:

1. Lahla imikhuba emibi, njengokubhema nokuphuza utshwala.
2. Buyekeza ukudla kwakho futhi uqede ukudla okunamafutha.
3. Hlela impilo esebenzayo futhi ubuke isisindo sakho. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo sithola encane minyaka yonke, ukuvivinya umzimba kuyenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komqeqeshi noma udokotela oqeqeshiwe.
4. Ecindezini eliphezulu yegazi, kufanele kulinganiswe kabili ngosuku futhi uvakashelwe njalo udokotela.
5. Ngokucindezeleka kwengqondo njalo, kudingeka uzithole umsebenzi onjalo ongakuvumela ukuba uhlele ukukhishwa kwengqondo.

Isiphetho

Ukushaywa isisu nesifo esiwumshayabhuqe kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zesifo esiyingozi. Ukulwa nakho kunzima kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, abantu abaphila ngengozi bahlala bekhubazekile.

Njalo ngonyaka ukubaluleka kwalesi sifo kuyanda. Phela, impilo ikhula kakhulu, futhi abantu basesimo sokucindezeleka njalo, futhi lokhu kuyindawo enhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo.

Yiqiniso, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi yini ehlukanisa ukushaywa kwe-ischemic kusuka ekudleni, ingaba mfushane kakhulu: izimpawu, ukwelashwa nemiphumela. Kodwa kulabo abafuna ngempela ukugwema lesi sifo, kudingekile ukuthi ufunde izinhlobo zayo kanye nezici ngemininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi ngolwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nokushaywa yisisu luwusizo kuwo wonke umuntu. Phela, uma unolwazi oludingekayo, ungasiza hhayi wena kuphela, kodwa abanye abaseduze nawe ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi kulokhu kuyithuba lokuphila.