Ukudweba "Izinsimbi Kusihlwa" (Levitan II)

Kwenzeka ukuthi abameleli bezinye izizwe nezinkolo bakwazi kangcono ukuchaza lokho okushiwo yinkulumo umphefumulo Russian nobunjalo, kuka-Russian. Kukhona iziqinisekiso abaningi emlandweni yobuciko. Ngokwesibonelo, lo mdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi". Levitan II wayengumJuda ngokuzalwa, kodwa acabange umculi kweqiniso Russian.

I. I. Levitan. Amakhasi biography

Isaak Ilich Levitan (1860 - 1900) - kwekulu Russian landscape umdwebi Engxenyeni kwekhulu XIX yesibili. Yazalwa ngo-idolobha elincane Lithuania, kodwa 1870s zokuqala, abazali wakhe bathuthela eMoscow, lapho ngokushesha washona, eshiyela nezingane zakhe ezine ngaphandle bazitholele okokuziphilisa. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, u-Isaka Levitan abadinga usizo, olwenziwe nesizotha kakhulu ukuphila ukusebenza.

Ngo-1873 waba umfundi esikoleni ubuciko, kokunquma ukuya ezinyathelweni umfowabo omdala - umculi. Isaka 'othisha zazizinhle AK Savrasov futhi vd Polenov. Savrasov zenani ithalenta umfundi wakhe, kude kuye abadumile French landscape umdwebi Corot, kodwa indawo yayo nje ukumzwisa ubuhlungu. othisha School akathandanga Savrasov futhi wanquma ukuthatha it out on isilwane sakhe yokwenqaba Levitan ekutholeni isihloko mculi. Ube esenikezwa idiploma, lapho ibhokisi okukhethekile ukufunda: art uthisha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1885.

Ngo 1898, Levitan ngokwakhe waba umfundisi esikoleni. Wenza izinto eziningi ukwakha Indlu kwenkundla - workshop omkhulu, umnyango zazo ingatholwa yibo bonke Russian landscape. Levitan wafundisa abadlali bakhe ukupenda hhayi kuphela, kodwa abathanda imvelo. Wabatshela ukuthi izimbali ngesikhathi namathafa kumelwe ukuba useyanuka izimbali, ngeke ngidwebe.

Isaka Levitan wafa Agasti 4, 1900. ifa lakhe nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu, ebhala cishe 1,000 imidwebo. Levitan - umculi, ogama imidwebo kuhlobisa amaqoqo iminyuziyamu bodumo, ikakhulukazi eziningi imisebenzi yakhe mikhulu kangakanani kule Tretyakov Igalari amaqoqo.

art Izici

Levitan kubhekwa omunye wabasunguli be-okuthiwa "kwemizwelo namathafa". Nokho, ngo-izakhi yimvelo webs uvezwa enokwethenjelwa, banayo Amazing ukugcwaliswa ezingokwengqondo, sibonakalisa ukunyakaza kwenhliziyo yomuntu. Abantu ku imidwebo umculi kuvela kakhulu akuvamile, kodwa umsunguli yedwa, imizamo yakhe ukuba ukwembula izimfihlo yonke ihlale khona.

Levitan imisebenzi ngokuvamile zibonisa amasonto, amasonto angama-zezindela. Zilotshiwe ngokuvumelana ezungezile landscape yemvelo bakha linye. "Landscape Wesonto" - elithi ekhethekile owethulwa ukuchaza webs ezinjalo. Emuva ku kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo Levitan Wabhala uchungechunge lwezinsiza-imidwebo kule uhlobo, phakathi kwabo "Simonov sezindela." Ezithembekile "landscape isonto 'umculi uhlala emva kweminyaka. Umdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi", "Levitan wawubhala 1892, kubhekwa omunye the best ngale ndaba.

Abantu abaningi yokudala liphefumulelwe ekwindla. Pushkin futhi Tiutchev anikezelwe kule sizini imigqa yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke. Levitan futhi ngokuphindaphindiwe wavuma uthando lwakhe lo Pore. He qamba ezingaphezu kuka-100 izihlahla ekwindla. Bonke ezahlukene ngemibala kanye nemizwelo.

Inani eliphakeme labamemezeli ikhono lakhe umculi ephumelelisa ngasekupheleni 80 sika - zakuqala 90-yalolucwaningo, singasho ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi labetibambile Levitan mculi. Ukudweba, kule nkathi, iwine waba nedumela lonke. Phakathi kwabo imidwebo "phezu ezolile kusihlwa", "Vladimirka", "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi".

Umdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi" (Levitan II): incazelo

Umdwebo okwakwenziwa "landscape isonto" nesitayela. Lowo mdwebo Krivozorsky sezindela wakhe, elalisendaweni ngasedolobheni Yurievets, ngakolunye osebeni iVolga. Ngo-1890, umdwebi ithumba sezindela efanayo ifilimu "Unokuthula abode". I okufana entsha kubonakala umbono ohlukile landscape ajwayelekile.

Uma "yokuhlala ephephile," umculi uqondisa amehlo sesibukeli esithombeni ezijulile, esinengekayo, esigodlweni sezindela sicashe khona, in the "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi" kuqhame emfuleni. Yena kuholela iso kuze ngokuphambeneyo emkhathizwe, lo enhle kwelanga esibhakabhakeni. Ukwakheka enjalo iletha Dynamics ngaphezulu. Lo muzwa kuqinisa isikebhe abantu kusenzo maphakathi emfuleni.

Incazelo Umdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi" kuyohlale kuntula uma ngingenaye kokukhuluma okusezingeni eliphezulu isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi ukuthi ufaneleka ngenhla ehlathini futhi emfuleni. domes Church, lama omelela isifiso sabantu ukukhanyisa nobungcwele. Kodwa uchungechunge izakhiwo Izigodlo akuyona ngokungafani diagonal emfuleni. Lonke isithombe eligcwele umoya wokuzwana futhi ukuthula.

Umbhalo esithombeni I. I. Levitana "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi"

Umdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi" (Levitan I. I., 1892) - lokhu umfanekiso Isigodlo, sizungezwe ekwindla ihlathi. Umbhali kubonakala umeme umbukeli ukubona ukukhanya, elingenalo zonke zwe elibi. induduzo Special ulunika imibala soft: white walls sezakhiwo Isigodlo, amafu pink-igolide sintanta esikhanyayo esibhakabhakeni, ihlathi eliluhlaza, ovuthayo ngu ophuzi ekwindla imicu. ebusweni Calm lomfula ibonisa upende kabili okuvelayo.

Kukholakala ukuthi ukuqonda ubuhle bemvelo, ukuqaphela yobukhulu amasonto Russian Levitan wafundisa uthisha wakhe - Alexei Savrasov. Kodwa okusanhlamvu abanye ulwazi nokuhlangenwe nakho kungathatha impande kuphela emhlabathini ovundile. Levitan waba umphefumulo olubucayi futhi ngeso elibukhali, ukwazi ukubona ubuhle kule ajwayelekile. Umdwebo "Kusihlwa Izinsimbi" isiqinisekiso yesiteleka.