Ukubikezela kanye ezezimali. izindlela zokuhlela Ezezimali. Ukuhlela Ezezimali ngenxa yebhizinisi

ukuhlela lwezezimali - buyinto ezithakazelisayo. Kukholakala ukuthi ukubandakanywa yayo ngokwesiko exhunywe ne ikhambi izinkinga ebhizinisini, kusuka endaweni commercial. Kodwa lokhu akulona njalo kunjalo. ukuhlela lwezezimali angase afune kahle izakhamuzi ezivamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Yini ezezimali ezicashile libanakekele ekhethekile? Ziyini izinselele kohlaka lwemisebenzi olufanele kungenzeka ababhekene nazo manje?

Kuyini ezezimali?

ukuhlela lwezezimali - yingxenye ebalulekile imisebenzi ukuphathwa kunoma iyiphi ibhizinisi inzuzo. Ibhizinisi kungase engcono okumelwe zithuthukiswe kuleso ngokuhambisana algorithm kahle ichazwe encike, ukusebenza kwe-okuyinto kuxhomeke ezicini ukuthi kukhona nkomoni nokubeka yonke into obala ukuphathwa kwenkampani. Ezezimali Ukuhlela ikuvumela correlate kungenzeka ukuhlela labo imisebenzi baye bazishisa abanikazi ibhizinisi. Le nqubo futhi ivumela inkampani ukuphathwa ukuthola imithombo imithombo yezimali ezidingekayo futhi zimo ngempumelelo kokuzibandakanya kwabo.

ukuhlela izimali okuhloswe ukuba lula ukuphathwa kwamabhizinisi ekusungulweni ngezabelo ezifanele phakathi izinhlobo ezahlukene izinsiza has kule nkampani. Lokhu kungaba, e eziyisisekelo amafa ukukhiqiza Eqinisweni, inhloko-dolobha, futhi. Enterprises wahlanganyela ezezimali, lilandisa izinkomba ezahlukene zemisebenzi enqala (ezifana, isibonelo, izinga izindleko, amavolumu kwezimpahla, inhlokodolobha ukutshalwa) nezinhloso zebhizinisi zamanje. Lokhu kukuvumela ukwakha uhlobo lwebhizinisi oluphathekayo ngaphezulu, okusekelwe criteria okunengqondo.

Inani wekuhlela ukubikezela

Kwezomnotho, leli gama lichazwa eduze kakhulu phambi kwethu, okuwukuthi - "ekubikezeleni". Kuyini ngokucacile yayo? kanjani ukubikezela kanye ezezimali? Mayelana nemibandela emibili okukhulunywa singazibona eziningi izici ezivamile, okungukuthi ubuqotho into nesimo sawo kwezomnotho, ukubandakanywa izindlela ezifanayo noma ezifanayo ukuxazulula izinkinga, izinhloso ukutholakala, kuhlobene nezinga izinto ezibalulekile ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi.

Nokho, ukubikezela kanye ezezimali enezinto eziningi umehluko omkhulu. Njengoba negama lokuqala, akusho ukuthi ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni phendla. Ziyakwazi ngokuvamile probabilistic ngokwemvelo futhi obekufanele labo kuboniswe plan zezimali. Ukubikezela - lokhu amathuba abazoba Ukutadisha ibhizinisi, ukuhlela - ukuthuthukiswa algorithm, ukuqaliswa lapho kuyadingeka ngenxa izinselele zamanje nazo ukuphathwa inkampani.

Ungase futhi uqaphele ukuthi ukubandakanywa amapulani kungabanga izibopho ezithile inkampani abadlali bangaphandle - zimali noma nabalawuli. Ngakho, ukuhlela ngezimali zikahulumeni uvame elihlobene ne izinqubo esiqinile yokubika amabhizinisi ukufinyelela kulawo ma noma eminye imithombo yezezimali (ngokuvamile, isabelomali) izindikimba abanekhono. Ukubikezela yena, akukwazi isisekelo ukulawula elihambisana kusukela lisebenzisa, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, imfuno probabilistic, okuyinto in umkhuba kungahluka kakhulu kulezo kuchazwe ngaphansi elihambisana ukuhlaziywa ukuthethwa kwecala.

Esikhathini commercial sphere ukubikezela ngokuvamile kubonakala kungekho ingxenye engaphansi ebalulekile isu lebhizinisi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezezimali ibhizinisi commercial - njengenhlangano, kuncike kakhulu ku-imiqulu izimali - ngokuyinhloko iboshelwe nje izinkomba phambili kwi angafuna abathengi kwezimpahla. Yini-ke ungaboniswa? Okokuqala, eqinisweni lokuthi ukuphathwa le nkampani kungadinga izakhiwo okhonzile engcono silingane kulindeleke ukusebenza izibalo ukuthi kuchazwa ngesisekelo izibikezelo.

Key imisebenzi ezezimali

Ezezimali Ukuhlela kuhilela kumiswa imisebenzi ethile ukuphathwa kwenkampani. Phakathi kwalabo:

- Ukuthola reserves ukuthi Unganika amandla izinkampani ukwandisa imali;

- ekuthuthukiseni ekusetshenzisweni dolobha;

ukuzimisela ukuhlanganisa elikhulu amafomula izindleko uhlelo ukukhiqiza;

- ukuqinisekisa nokubambisana ezakhayo phakathi amabhizinisi kanye nezikhungo umlingani - amabhange, abahlinzeki, amakhasimende isici ukuxhumana zezimali.

Ngo inqubo yokuxazulula izinkinga embuzweni, ubuholi wenhlangano lucwaningo umsebenzi ezindaweni ezilandelayo esemqoka: ukunyakaza dolobha, zomthetho zezimali, kanye ne-accounting umsebenzi (ezimali, ukubika - yangaphakathi noma ngaphambi nabalawuli nesimo).

Lawa yezinjongo eziyinhloko ezezimali. Manje ake sihlole izimiso ukhiye ezingaba yisisekelo imisebenzi efanele ibhizinisi.

izimiso yokuhlela Key

Funda izimiso oyinhloko kungenzeka uMgcinimafa uhlela ngesikhathi ibhizinisi. Abacwaningi ukuhlukanisa ohlwini olulandelayo:

- incazelo yezinto eziza kuqala;

- ukuzibandakanya izindlela ukubikezela;

- ingozi ukuhlaziywa ;

- kusebentisana nokulawula.

Cabanga ngesimo ngasinye sazo ngaphezulu.

Ngokuphathelene nalesi simiso, njengoba ukwabiwa izinto eziza kuqala, izinkampani ezimweni eziningi zibhekene nezimo ezazingase yokuthi ukukhiqizwa nezinye imisebenzi ehambisana ne-ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi, ukuthola eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze ukuzixazulula zonke, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukutshala imithombo emikhulu, kuhlanganise ikhambi imisebenzi iphuzu ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi umbono, ngokusobala yesibili. Ngakho-ke ukuphathwa inkampani kumele bakwazi ukwaba iziqondiso eyinhloko yomsebenzi (futhi ukuba agxilise emasimini abo abafanele nazo zonke ezidingo ezidingekayo).

Esinye isimiso esibalulekile, okuyinto kungase kusekelwe ukuhlela kwamabhizinisi ezezimali - ukubikezela. Kungaba lolu hlelo luzosebenza ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Lokhu kungaba isibikezelo yangaphakathi ukukhiqizwa izinqubo, umthelela izici zangaphandle - kokubili emakethe nezokuphatha. Indlela eyinhloko lapha - ukuhlaziya izinqubo ezihlobene ezindaweni ezithintekile.

Ubungozi ukuhlaziywa - Nasi esinye isibonelo sokubaluleka ukubaluleka isimiso ku inqubo ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukwakha ezezimali. Iqiniso lokuthi cishe zonke ibhizinisi luyasetshenziswa endaweni ebonakala izinsongo ezithile ezingaba khona. Kungenzeka, isibonelo, uhlobo lwemali nokushintshashintsha noma inqubomgomo engazinzile nabalawuli isimo. izingozi Inqubomgomo Foreign futhi abalulekile - sizibona ikakhulukazi unswinyo Western ngokumelene amabhizinisi Russian.

Coordination nokulawula - izibonelo ezinye izimiso ezezimali ezibalulekile. Yini ongayisho ngazo? Coordination - igama elithi ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kungaqondakala, ngakolunye uhlangothi njengoba inhlangano imisebenzi ehlukahlukene esikhathini ibhizinisi libe nomqondo owodwa, ngakolunye - ukusetshenziswa evamile kuzo zonke izindawo ukuphathwa zokukhiqiza, ukwethulwa kwe-nezimiso ezisebenza kubo bonke yokulondoloza ngosiko, ukusakazwa kolwazi phakathi abasebenzi, sandla ukuqonda lahamba embili yenkampani. Control - kukhona izinqubo ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela abasebenzi ubuchule ibhizinisi, okuhlanganiswayo ezinhlelweni abafanele.

izindlela zokuhlela

Sifunda ukuthi iziphi izindlela ezezimali. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela eziningi ngezigaba zabo. Endaweni osomabhizinisi Russian wayengomunye ngempela kwandile ukuthi kusekelwe division of imisebenzi ngokuya esiqondisweni sabo: kusuka phansi kuya phezulu (kusukela amayunithi ilawulwe mathupha), kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, kanye ngokusebenzisa ukuqaliswa esiphikisayo imizamo, abasebenzi yenkampani nokuphatha. Sizokwenza ukufunda lezi izindlela ezezimali ngaphezulu.

Ngokuphathelene ukuhlela ngaphakathi "phansi-up" isikimu, izinhlelo ezifanele yakha Ochwepheshe afanele izakhiwo ongaphansi, ngokusekelwe imiphumela analysis eningiliziwe izinqubo zokukhiqiza.

Buhle le ndlela wukuthi isakhiwo efanele ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi algorithm kuyoba enemininingwane kakhulu, kuhlanganise umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kulencane kakhulu, eziningi zazo zingase kamuva abe kubalulekile ngokuya ekuxazululeni izinkinga ukukhiqizwa.

Eyesibili indlela kudinga ukuthi ukuphathwa inkampani yakha jikelele, imisebenzi lomqondo, futhi adlulisele kubo kuya izakhiwo ilawulwe ngokuningilizwe ngokwengeziwe futhi ukwakhiwa ngokuya inhlobo efanele yentuthuko zezimali. Buhle le ndlela wukuthi uhlelo ekuqaleni ukubhekana izici ezimqoka ezihleliwe, ezifana isikhundla emakethe amacala inkampani (ezimweni kuqala Ochwepheshe yezigaba zasendaweni kungaba wandile noma umqondo oyiphutha ke), ngqo nokuxhumana nge abakweletwayo futhi zimali (efanayo, abasebenzi izakhiwo okhonzile angeke ukuqaphela umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama efanele).

Isikimu lwesithathu libhekene ukubandakanyeka kanyekanye zezimiso eziyinhloko wokuqala ezimbili. Ngakho, limchaza izinzuzo ukhiye kokubili - ukuhlela amasu, ezezimali, kubhekelwa izici akhawunti aziwa yodwa kuze ukuphathwa, kanye imininingwane izinqubo zebhizinisi.

Lokho Zingaphazamisa inkampani njalo ukusebenza ngaphansi kohlelo lwesithathu, njengoba kuyintando ekwenze waphumelela? Lokhu kungaba ngenxa, isibonelo, ukuhambisana kobukhulu izimfihlo zohwebo esikhathini ibhizinisi. Ngakho, ukuphathwa kwenkampani akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi nethuba ivule abantu amehlo ka okhonzile abasebenzi idatha emayelana umthwalo Ikhredithi inkampani, noma ulwazi sibonakalisa ukuxhumana izinkampani zimali. Kulokhu, kungenzeka iskripthi icele "ezinqala" njengoba injalo emsulwa.

ukuhlela Amathuluzi

Ngakho, sabuka izindlela eziyisisekelo by okungaba ukuhlela ezezimali. Market umnotho - into esikisela ubuhlobo yokuncintisana phakathi abadlali ethile ibhizinisi ingxenye. Pole isikhundla, cishe nakanjani kube kulabo izinkampani ukuthi uzokwazi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ngempumelelo kakhulu isici awusizo okuxazulula izinkinga ezihlobene ezezimali. Ngokufunda ukuthi yini amathuluzi Ungasebenzisa ibhizinisi ngokoMthetho isiqondiso ngaphansi imisebenzi ukucabangela.

ukuhlaziya

Phakathi ezivamile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuhlaziywa kwezomnotho. Leli thuluzi kwenza inkampani ukuhlonza amaphethini agcwele izinqubo zokukhiqiza, kanye izindawo inkampani ukuxhumana nabadlali bangaphandle - osonkontileka, abakweletwayo, amakhasimende. ukuhlaziywa Economic lembula ukuthi lokho inkampani imithombo ukuthi kungaba okwanele. Kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi ithuluzi elifanele kubhekwa abacwaningi abaningi njengoba indlela ezimele ukuhlela izimali ngenxa yinkimbinkimbi kwako khona inani elikhulu izingxenye ezengeziwe.

edamu

Elinye ithuluzi ezivamile, ne okungase kuhlelwe ohlelweni ibhizinisi ezezimali - edamu. ngokucacile yaso ukuthi ochwepheshe abanekhono ukusebenza kule nkampani, ukubala ezinye kuhlelwe, ukusebenza komfundi, ngokusekelwe ezindinganisweni idatha etholakalayo (mayelana, isibonelo, ukukhululwa kwe-izimpahla noma ukuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi). Imithombo imithetho efanele kungaba eyisakhiwo (ie, zingase zihlanganise omunye umthombo umthetho - ezifana umthetho kahulumeni) kanye naphakathi.

nokwenza

Ngakusasa ezibaluleke kakhulu ithuluzi ukuhlela - Ukuthuthukisa. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngesisekelo ukuhlaziywa kwezomnotho nomthethonqubo lingathuthukiswa imiqondo eziningana ezihilela ukusatshalaliswa ezezimali izilinganiso ibhizinisi. Kulawa, kubalulekile ukukhetha incwadi ebonisa isimo yezindaba kule nkampani ngokwengeziwe, futhi ngakho-ke kungaba kubhekwe elilungile. Umbandela main lapha - manje izuze eziphansi futhi inzuzo esiphezulu nge ukubandakanywa izindlela ezihlukahlukene. Lokho uhlelo, okuzokwenza kusengaphambili kakhulu olunzulu line-up lezo okumele izokhetheka njengoba best.

Lawa amathuluzi main okuyothi ngalo ezezimali kungaba kwenziwe. Ezezimali - umthombo ukuthi kungenziwa Lusetshenziswa inhlangano correlative roomates nezinhlobo ezahlukene imisebenzi. Ngakho, makhulu amathemba ukusetshenziswa dolobha bangase kwencike ethize zinhlobo amacebo ahileleke ibhizinisi.

izinhlobo ukuhlela

Funda yiziphi izinhlobo ezezimali. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela eziningi ngezigaba zabo. Ngo abacwaningi Russian naphakathi lalikhona isikimu ngawo ukuhlela nokulawula wezimali wenziwa, esekelwe ngezigaba elihambisana imisebenzi abazoba, kanye yokusebenza yamanje. Cabanga imininingwane yabo ethize.

Ukuhlelela isikhathi eside esizayo kuhilela izinto eziza kuqala inkampani ukukhiqizwa sika kwezolimo, okuyinto lufanele lwenteke ngaphakathi lokho kuthatha isikhathi eside isikhathi, isibonelo, eminyakeni 3-5. Kulesi naloko lokuhlongotwako mayelana nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa, njengoba umthetho, it is eyenziwa kwi "phezulu", okungukuthi, e-algorithm elihambisana ihlanganise ulwazi sibonakalisa hhayi kuphela imininingwane sangaphakathi ekukhuleni wenkampani, kodwa futhi ithonya izici abasafufusa imvelo bangaphandle.

ukuhlela yamanje kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa ngemibandela lapho inkampani kumele ukuthuthukisa esikhathini esiyizinsuku emifushane isikhathi kuka ekulungiseleleni izinhlelo eside - mayelana 1 unyaka. Le ndlela yokwenza ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusebenza izifunda okuxubile lenze elihambisana iyiqoqo algorithm. Lokho, ukuphathwa le nkampani, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inikeza izakhiwo ongaphansi kwezinye izinhlobo zolwazi osendaweni ezibalulekile eziphathelene ekukhuleni wenkampani, ngakolunye - uthola kwabo imininingwane ngezigaba kohlelo.

ukuhlela Operational kudinga ikhambi izinkinga ezibhekene nenkampani ngesikhathi esithile, noma ukuthi kudingeka zixazululwe ezinyangeni ezizayo. Ngokuvamile, okwenza izinhlelo ayikho "phansi-up". Ukuphathwa ngokuvamile akwenzi umqondo kulokhu ukudalula nabasebenzi ekuthuthukiseni amasu zebhizinisi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama.

Yena uhlela hhayi kuphela kubhizinisi

Ukuhlela, njengoba sibonile ekuqaleni isihloko - eqakathekileko yomsebenzi nemali hhayi kuphela kwezamabhizinisi. imisebenzi ahambisanayo nazo balwe futhi uhulumeni ejensi, futhi izinhlangano ezingenzi inzuzo. Umkhaya Ezezimali Ukuhlela eRussia - ngokulandelana izinto. Ukuthola izindlela udumo ukuthuthukisa siqu inhlalakahle izakhamuzi ngokusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene amathuluzi awusizo namathuluzi ngomumo eyenziwe, ezifana nezinhlelo ze-computer. Ukuhlela - yalemisebenzi, exhunywe ukuphila kwansuku yomuntu yesimanje.

Ingabe singasho ukuthi izindlela loxhumana naye ngenhla namathuluzi we izinhlelo zezimali niyafanelana ngokulinganayo kunoma yimuphi umkhakha womsebenzi izakhamuzi, noma ngabe kwenziwe ekubhaleni umndeni noma isabelomali siqu? Kulungiselwe khona izinqubo zebhizinisi ethize, njengalezo encikene nokukhiqizwa kwezimpahla noma amasevisi ezimali imisebenzi yezimali iyonke, amaphethini ayisihluthulelo emkhakheni commercial ziyasetshenziswa jikelele civil. Indoda kungenzeka kahle, isibonelo, ukwenza ngendlela enizosebenzisa ngayo imali plan siqu-aspect kwesikhathi ekahle, izixazululo zamanje kanye nemisebenzi tekusebenta. Kungahlanganisa ukuhlaziywa, Standardization kanye nokwenza.

Yiqiniso, uma imisebenzi efanele wahlanganyela isakhamuzi ongenayo ezingeni elifanele ziqu, le misebenzi ngeke kakhulu lula. Kodwa bayoba ngokuphelele nefomethi imininingwane esixoxe ngayo ngasenhla ezicashile ezezimali. Ibhajethi siqu, ngakho-ke, kungaba ziye zathi izici ukufana ne plan okuhambisanayo capital ukubandakanyeka ku ibhizinisi siqala ifomu lula.