Uhlobo yokukhuluma: incazelo, ukulandisa, ukucabanga. Uhlobo incazelo inkulumo: izibonelo

Uhlelo esikoleni liyadingeka ukwethula isihloko " izinhlobo inkulumo: . Incazelo, ukulandisa, ukucabanga" Kodwa ngemva ulwazi ngenkathi bavame ukuphuma engqondweni, ngakho kuyasiza ukuhlanganisa lolu daba olubalulekile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo yokukhuluma? Iyini imisebenzi eziyenzayo?

Umbuzo izinhlobo: incazelo, ukulandisa, ingxabano - lena indlela sikhuluma ngesihloko. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ithebula abavamile ehhovisi noma ekhishini yendlu. Uma udinga ukuchaza le nto, kubalulekile ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi unjani, yini kuso. umbhalo okunjalo oyomuka achazayo, ngakho-ke, sikhulumela incazelo. Uma yemlandzi ngeke ukhuluma ngalokho leli thebula, akusiyo endala kakhulu, hhayi ukuthi sekuyisikhathi ukufaka esikhundleni salo esisha maqondana nokuthi likhethwa uhlobo yokukhuluma, kuyothiwa ukucabanga. Lelandzisako kungenziwa ngokuthi uma umuntu utshela indaba kanjani leli thebula wayalelwa noma ekhiqizwa, walethwa ekhaya futhi lonke imininingwane ukubukeka etafuleni endaweni efulethini.

Manje umbono omncane. Izinhlobo inkulumo esetshenziswa yemlandzi (umbhali, intatheli, uthisha, isikhulumi) ukudlulisa ulwazi. Kuye kuyothiwa bafaka kanjani, kunqunywa typology.

Incazelo - lolu hlobo inkulumo, injongo okuyi-akhawunti enemininingwane into emile, isithombe, noma umuntu.

Ukulandisa kusitshela isenzo asathuthuka, ngokuletha ulwazi oluthile esikhathini ukulandelana.

Nge-agumenti wadlulela kwemiqondo endabeni, kwabangela yayo.

Functional-semantic izinhlobo yokukhuluma: incazelo, ukulandisa, ukucabanga

izinhlobo inkulumo avamise ukubizwa ngokuthi obusebenzayo-semantic. Kusho ukuthini? Enye incazelo yegama elithi "umsebenzi" (kukhona nabanye abaningi, kuhlanganise nemigomo zezibalo) - indima. Lokho, inkulumo izinhlobo zinendima ethile.

kuchaza ukusebenza njengoba uhlobo inkulumo - lokuphinda isithombe ngamazwi, isiza umfundi ukuba abone umbono wakhe wangaphakathi. Lokhu kufezwa ngokusebenzisa tiphawulo ngamazinga ahlukahlukene lokumadanisa ngamazwi esithi amabinzana, nezinye inkulumo lisho. Lolu hlobo inkulumo uvame ezitholakala art isitayela. Incazelo ngesitayela yesayensi kuyoba sihluke kakhulu unemotional kwezobuciko, ukusula Yiqiniso kwendaba, khona oyisibopho imigomo silulumagama okhokhelwayo.

Ukuze lelandzisako isici isithombe isenzo, isimo noma icala. Ngosizo tento kanye esifushane, isiphakamiso olunzulu ukwakha umqondo khona. Lolu hlobo inkulumo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa emibikweni yezindaba. Umsebenzi wayo - isexwayiso.

Indlela yokukhuluma njengoba uhlobo eziyizici balo mculo izindlela ezihlukahlukene, kwezobuciko, ezesayensi, ibhizinisi ngisho eyayivame. Inhloso wajaha - ukucacisa, ukuze embule izici ezithile, into ukufakazela noma siphikise.

Izici izinhlobo amaphethini inkulumo

Ukuze uhlobo inkulumo isici isakhiwo ecacile ngamunye. Ukuze lelandzisako kulandela ifomu classical libhekene:

• tie;
• ngentuthuko;
• umvuthwandaba;
• atihambi todvwa.

Incazelo ayinakho isakhiwo esicacile, kodwa izinhlobo ezahlukene ezifana:

• Indaba echazayo mayelana umuntu noma isilwane, kanye isihloko;
• texte isikhala;
• incazelo isimo.

izibonelo ezinjalo zivame atholakala ematheksthi etemibhalo.

Ukucabanga ngokuyisisekelo sihluke izinhlobo odlule yokukhuluma. Ngenxa Inhloso yaso ukuze uthumele ukulandelana inqubo womuntu engqondweni, ukucabanga yakhiwa kanje:

• mqondo (ukwamukelwa);
• Case, kanye nezibonelo (ubufakazi bokuthi la mazwi);
• wabopha ngabhande linye sokugcina noma isiphetho.

Ngokuvamile kudidaniswe izinhlobo yokukhuluma izitayela. Lena iphutha okwedlulele. Ngezansi, sizokubonisa izitayela ezingafaneleki sihluke izinhlobo.

Izinhlobo kanye izitayela yokukhuluma: uyini umehluko?

Esikhathini izincwadi of isiRashiya livela umqondo wenkulumo izitayela. Yini-ke nokuthi ngabe kukhona umehluko phakathi izitayela nezinhlobo?

Ngakho, isitayela iqoqo othize inkulumo izindlela ezisetshenziswa endaweni ethize yokuxhumana. Kukhona izitayela ezinhlanu eziyisisekelo:

1. Spoken.
2. Isikhulumi.
3. ibhizinisi Esemthethweni (noma ibhizinisi).
4. Isayensi.
5. Art.

Ukuze ubone izici izitayela, singathatha noma yimuphi umbhalo. Inkulumo uhlobo (esifakiwe, izibonelo zazo ziboniswa), kuyisici esihlupha kokubili yezesayensi nasezinzuzweni ngesitayela lesibonwa. isitayela Esangxoxo sikhetha okuxhumana nsuku zonke. It libhekene khona izinkulumo eyayivame, nema ngisho amazwi isitsotsi. Kuyafaneleka ekhaya noma nabangani, kodwa ekufikeni esikhungweni olusemthethweni, ezifana ezikoleni, amanyuvesi noma enkonzweni - isitayela izinguquko inkulumo kubhizinisi oluxube ucwaningo.

I isitayela lesibonwa ebhaliwe emaphephandabeni nakomagazini. Ukusebenzisa ke, ukusakaza iziteshi izindaba. isitayela Scientific kungatholakala ezincwadini zezemfundo, libhekene iqoqo imigomo imiqondo kuye.

Ekugcineni, isitayela art. Wabhala izincwadi ukuthi sifunda ubumnandi. Uyala ukuqhathanisa ( "ekuseni enhle njengoba ukumamatheka ozithandayo"), izingathekiso ( "igolide sprinkles kithi esibhakabhakeni ebusuku") kanye nezinye linemibhikisho kwezobuciko. Phela, incazelo - lolu hlobo inkulumo, ivamile impela izincwadi futhi, ngokufanelekile, e nesitayela esifanako.

Indlela ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo izitayela yokukhuluma? Izinhlobo yokukhuluma - kunjani futhi yini sikhuluma. Chaza imbali noma indlu - yingakho uhlobo inkulumo - incazelo. Sisuke siqinisekisa ukuthi indlu uvele lapha ngonyaka othile, okuholela icala eqinile - yethu uhlobo izwi - agumenti. Nokho, uma le womlandi ufisa ukwabelana isipiliyoni kokwehla nokunakekela izitshalo noma ukutshela wakha kanjani endlini ke sibhekene elandisayo.

Umehluko okulandelayo: chaza, zibonisa futhi etha kungenzeka, usebenzisa izitayela ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukhuluma ngani imbali nezobuciko izincwadi, umlobi isebenzisa eziningi epithets ekhululekile ukuwudlulisela isilaleli noma umfundi ukuba ubuhle simila. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo, uchaze imbali, kusukela umbono wesayensi, usebenzisa amagama ezivamile. Ngendlela efanayo singakwazi ukuphikisa nokuphoqelela ngikulandise. Ngokwesibonelo, umbhali izobhalela sihloko satirical mayelana engaqondile idabukile imbali, usebenzisa i-agumenti njengoba uhlobo inkulumo. Ngesikhathi intombazane ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokusebenzisa indlela levamile, utshela umngane, intombazane engangifunda nayo wamupha enze isixha sezimbali.

Kusetshenziswa izitayela

Ngokucacile yokukhuluma izitayela kwenza endaweni yawo ngempumelelo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uhlobo inkulumo - incazelo, kungashiwo eyayihambisana ukucabanga. Zonke Imbali Kungashiwo okufanayo kuchazwe odongeni iphephandaba esikoleni, usebenzisa isitayela kokubili isayensi noma lesibonwa kanye wobuciko. Lokhu kungaba i-athikili mayelana izakhiwo izitshalo, futhi inkondlo okudumisa ubuhle bayo. Ngo uthisha ekilasini biology, usebenzisa isitayela yesayensi, ngeke anikele abafundi ulwazi mayelana imbali, bese Ungamtshela legend elithakazelisayo ngaye.

Uhlobo incazelo inkulumo. Izibonelo izincwadi

Lolu hlobo kungenziwa ngokuthi isithombe. Lokho, echaza umbhali iveza into (ezifana ithebula), inqubo engokwemvelo (isiphepho, rainbow), umuntu (UMaria, intombazane evela ekilasini angomakhelwane noma umlingisi ozithandayo), isilwane nokunye infinity.

Njengengxenye incazelo kukhona amafomu alandelayo:

• portrait;

• incazelo isimo;

• landscape noma angaphakathi.

Umbhali usitshela into, isihloko noma indawo ukuze abalaleli ongalindela ukukubona, kodwa ngosizo incazelo ngamazwi. Kufanele kube ujwayelene ngezibonelo ezilandelayo.

Izibonelo landscape, ungathola imisebenzi zabuna. Ngokwesibonelo, endabeni "I Ukudalelwa yomuntu" umlobi enikeza incazelo emfushane ngasekuqaleni entwasahlobo ngemva kwempi. Imidwebo, ukusungulwa bephila ngakho futhi kukholakale ukuthi kubonakala sengathi umfundi ayibone.

Ngo indaba Turgenev "Bezhin edlelweni" namathafa futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Ngosizo isithombe ngamazwi omlobi esibhakabhakeni ehlobo nalapho selishona ithumela ubuhle enamandla namandla emvelo.

Ukuze ukhumbule ukuthi incazelo ezifana uhlobo yokukhuluma, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele esinye isibonelo.

"Sase epikinikini ngaphandle kwedolobha. Kodwa namuhla isibhakabhaka Kwakungu overcast futhi uma sekuqala maqondana kusihlwa zonke coldness. Ekuqaleni amafu ayesinda grey umthunzi. Isibhakabhaka laligcwele kubo, njengoba isigaba sayo yonke le nkundla ngemuva umbukiso. Sun nakuba ingasethiwe, kodwa kwaba kakade lubonakale. Futhi phakathi amafu amnyama uvele amafasitela umbani ... ".

Ukuchaza ukusetshenziswa ejwayelekile tiphawulo. Kuyinto ngiyabonga kubo ukuthi lo mbhalo unikeza umbono isithombe, ithumela nathi gradations umbala sezulu. Ukuze uthayiphe indaba echazayo umbuze: "Yini sichazwe kwi-subject (umuntfu, indzawo)? Yini izimpawu esivela kuwo? "

Ukulandisa: isibonelo

Ukuxoxa uhlobo odlule yokukhuluma (incazelo), kungashiwo saphawula ukuthi leli gama lisetshenziswa ngumlobi lokuphinda umphumela ezibukwayo. Kodwa indaba lidlulisela Dynamics ngesakhiwo. Lolu hlobo inkulumo uchaza isenzakalo. Isibonelo esilandelayo iyalandisa okwenzeka izinhlamvu indaba okuncane mayelana isiphepho epikinikini ku.

"... Umbani lokuqala akuzange kumesabise kithi, kodwa sasazi-ke lokho kwakumane kuyisiqalo. Sibe sokuqoqa izinto zethu futhi abaleke. Uma dinner elula kwaba eqoqwe ezikhwameni, ukumboza liqala liyithela. Sasheshisa esitobhini sebhasi. "

Embhalweni kubalulekile ukuba banake inombolo tento: zakha umphumela isenzo. Lokho isithombe isimo ukugoqa kwesikhathi izimpawu uhlobo lelandzisako yokukhuluma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhalo lolu hlobo ebuza imibuzo, "Yayiyini kuqala? Kwabe sekwenzekani? "

Ukubonisana. Ngokwesibonelo

Uyini ukucabanga njengoba uhlobo yokukhuluma? Incazelo kanye lelandzisako ujwayelene kithi futhi kulula ukuqonda kunombhalo-agumenti. Ake ubuyele emuva abangane owangena ngaphansi imvula. Omunye kalula ngeso lengqondo indlela baxoxe adventure yabo: "... Yebo, thina nenhlanhla ukuthi isivakashi ehlobo, kuboshwe umshayeli, wasibona esitobhini sebhasi. Nokho, it is hhayi wadlula. Ngo embhedeni efudumele muhle ukukhuluma mayelana isiphepho. Akukona kubi kangako, uma besingahlehla emuva esitobhini efanayo. Leso sichotho sashiya kukhalwa - akusiyo kuphela ezingemnandi, kodwa futhi ziyingozi. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukubikezela lapho umbani uyokushaya. Cha, ngeke ahambe ezindleleni eziphumela ngaphandle komuzi, ungazi ngqo sezulu. Picnic kuhle uma libalele, nasesiphephweni ungcono aphuza itiye ekhaya. " Umbhalo uqukethe zonke izingxenye isakhi baphikisana ngokuthi uhlobo inkulumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukubuza imibuzo eqondile ukuze ukucabanga: "Siyini isizathu? UPetru uqhubeka athini kulokhu? "

Ekuphetheni

Isihloko sethu igxile izinhlobo yokukhuluma - incazelo, ukulandisa kanye ingxabano. Kukhethwa uhlobo oluthile inkulumo incike kulokho esikwazi okhuluma kuleli cala, nokuthi yini inhloso yokuphishekela. Siphinde okukhulunywa isici enkulumweni izitayela, izici zabo kanye nobuhlobo obuseduze izinhlobo yokukhuluma.