Ukuxilongwa ukwehluleka ikhompyutha. Ukwehluleka inkinga ejwayelekile nge-computer

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi ngemva umsebenzi eside ngaphandle kokushayeka computer kungalindelekile eshayisa. Kulesi ukubonakaliswa iloli nezimbangela zabo zingase zishintshe kakhulu. Kunoma yikuphi kufanele kuqale kwenziwe ikhompyutha ukuhlola sokwehluleka ukuqonda onjani ilungu PC enecala semfene.

PC ngeke uvule

Uma ikhompyutha akasabeli ngemva ngokucindezela inkinobho yamandla, cishe inkinga yokudla. Ezingaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu icala elula - ukwehluleka inkinobho uqobo.

ukuhlolwa

Ungasusi ngokushesha ikhava uhlelo noma iya esikhungweni sesevisi. Okokuqala, hlola ukuthi le ntambo kagesi idluliswa (lowo uxhuma amandla supply futhi esidayisa). Ungazama umane uyicime, bese uxhuma futhi. Futhi, ahlole isihlungi umugqa uma inikwe amandla.

Akukho simo ezingavamile lapho inkinobho ngemuva amandla Iyunithi enikeza kusethelwe ku- "Valiwe." Kulesi simo ikhambi lenkinga kungaba elula.

nezixhumi

Uma ukuxilongwa ngokudlulisa amehlo zangaphandle akazange nemiphumela, eminye ikhompyutha semhlahlo ukungasebenzi kuzodinga izenzo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Susa ikhava kohlelo iyunithi izindlu. Ungakhohlwa unqamule PC kunethiwekhi.

Bona ukuthi iyiphi kwezixhumanisi umbadlana sishukumiseleka. Kungcono ukuvala zonke zazo, Sula ngotshwala noma Cologne. Khona-ke kufanele uthintane imanuwali eleza nama-motherboard. It zizobonisa lapho ukuxhuma zonke izintambo.

indlela enjalo ongaqeda eziningana izimbangela ukwehluleka: i-namachibi oxhumana nabo; Izintambo zikagesi ezisobala ayilungile; amakhefu ngezikhathi ezithile lapha.

inkinobho

Uma izinyathelo zangaphambilini ungazange yaba nemiphumela emihle, ikhompyutha ukuhlola sokwehluleka kufanele kuqhutshwe ngemva nokunqamula inkinobho amandla isixhumi. Njengoba singabona kule nkambo yomsebenzi, kuba uxhumeke kwi-ezimbili ezikhumulweni we umbadlana. Vala kwanoma iyiphi into eyinsimbi, ezifana isiqeshana sephepha.

Uma i-PC ivuliwe ngemva kwalokho, cishe, inkinobho amandla siphukile. Ukuqeda okwesikhashana ngokuphumelelayo kubangelwa le nkinga, wena umane ushintshe isabelo "Setha kabusha" inkinobho ngokuxhuma i-wire isixhumi "Amandla On" phezu umbadlana. Okungukuthi, ukuze lowo owayephatha ngaphambilini ivaliwe clip. Manje ukuqala PC kuzodingeka ukuthi ucindezele inkinobho reset on iyunithi uhlelo.

Eyesibili iphutha kungenzeka ne uphawu efanayo - short circuit "Setha kabusha" inkinobho. Ukuze uqinisekise lesi uphethwe, umane vala wire kusuka inkinobho reset, bese uzama ukuvula ikhompyutha ngendlela ajwayelekile.

izinkinga amandla

Uma isiqeshana sephepha kungasizi, cishe, le umbadlana ongawamukeli umsoco ezidingekayo. Kulokhu, ukuhlahlwa ikhompyutha sokwehluleka kufanele uqhubeke kokuhlola ATX futhi P4 izixhumi.

ATX - kuyinto isixhumi lapho 24 izikhonkwane. P4 has simise square, futhi kuye kukhona izintambo ezine (izinombolo ngezinye izikhathi kuze eyisishiyagalombili). Vele ukukhipha bese uxhume nezixhumi futhi.

amandla Iyunithi enikeza

Uma izinyathelo zangaphambilini ungazange kwaholela emphumeleni omuhle, BP wehla, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi lena akuyona amaphesenti ayikhulu. ukuhlola Eminye computer ekhaya kuzodinga xhuma eyaziwa amandla okuhle nezelani PC.

Indlela elula ukwenza lesi sinyathelo uma une amakhompuyutha ekhaya. Kungenjalo uzoba ukuxhumana sesevisi. Ukuthenga PSU entsha ekuxilongeni izinkinga - hhayi ukhetho best, ngoba idivayisi kungaba serviceable, kodwa inkinga ukuzibonakalisa ngenxa nezinye izinkinga.

umbadlana

Ngemva esikhundleni amandla supply ingavuli kukhompyutha? Singasho ukuthi kuleli cala, zekhompyutha ukuhlola kuphelile, futhi phansi kwafika umbadlana. Kungcono ukulishintsha uma ukulungisa imishini kalungisiswa, njengoba intengo inqubo ingase ibe ephakeme kunaleyo insimbi entsha.

eziyimbangela yezinkinga ezizuzwa

Uma izinkinga ivele kungalindelekile futhi kuba ozenzekelayo ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa, uhlelo lwe-computer ukuhlola kufanele kuqale ebaluleke kakhulu izibuyekezo zesofthiwe. Yena akunakubangelwa OS, abashayeli, anti-virus. Uma kungekho izinto zokuzivikela ayifakiwe, kubalulekile ukwenza ukufakwa yabo, bese afeze scan egcwele kukhompyutha yakho ngezifo.

RAM

Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi PC ukuzinza kuyaphazamiseka ngenxa iphutha RAM. Ukuze ukuhlole, zikhona izicelo eziningi. Nokho, okuhle kakhulu kubhekwa Memtest86 +. Download futhi ulisebenzise ngokuphelele khulula.

Ngaphambi ukuhlolwa uzodinga ukulungiselela oqalisekayo USB flash drive.

1. Landa uhlelo wokusabalalisa. Kulo sinyathelo, kubalulekile ukukhetha isifaki se-USB, kunokuba ISO image.
2. Ngemva kwalokho, ukusebenzisa ifayela elisebenzisekayo. ukunwetshwa Ezazimzungezile - Exe, futhi igama iqala "Memtest".
3. Iwindi izovela ukuthi ngeke akucele uma uvumele isivumelwano selayisense. Njengoba kungekho isiqinisekiso ayikwazi ukusebenza kohlelo, kumele uchofoze u- "Ngiyavuma".
4. Ngesikhathi Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhetha-USB drive lapho idatha yohlelo lokusebenza azokopishwa. Qaphela: lonke ulwazi kusuka idivayisi ye-USB angasuswa ngesikhathi inqubo yokufaka.
5. Manje uhlala uchofoze ilebula "Dala". Linda uhlelo ukuxilonga khompyutha uqedele ukufaka bese uchofoza ku- "Qedile"

Manje kabusha PC yakho bese ufaka i-BIOS. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza inkinobho "DEL" lapho computer nje iqala ukuze uvule. Ngemva kokuqala BIOS Isethaphu Umsebenzi, yiya engxenyeni ethi "Okuthuthukisiwe". Kuyo, khetha "Boot Kudivayisi Okokuqala" futhi ushintshe izilungiselelo "USB".

Nalapha futhi, kabusha ikhompyutha yakho. Uma zonke izinyathelo ezingenhla ziye zenziwa ngendlela efanele, uhlelo ekuxilongeni ukuqalisa computer. RAM isheke kumelwe kuqale ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kungcono ulandele imiyalezo esikrinini, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphambi test uzocelwa ukwenza inqubo ngokuphepha. Kulokhu, ukusebenzisa edingekayo cindezela "F1".

Memtest86 + wenza ukuhlolwa 11. Kulokhu, uma sekuphothulwe inqubo zokugcina uzoqala futhi. Uma RAM amaphutha atholakala, qapha izoveza endaweni obomvu nencazelo yabo. Esimweni lapho emva izinkinga isheke ephelele sezihlonziwe, isicelo ubonisa umyalezo "Cindezela ESC ukuphuma".

Uma ngesikhathi sesivivinyo amaphutha atholakala, RAM kufanele esikhundleni. Uma RAM kuphundla ezimbalwa, ukuhlola kanye nokulungiswa amakhompyutha adinge ukuqinisekiswa ngamunye wabo eceleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka nabo iyunithi Uhlelo lona ngokwalo bese ukushintsha futhi zihlanganisa Umbuso Memtest86 +. Ngemva sokunquma idivayisi okuyiphutha, ungaqhubeka ukusebenzisa ikhompuyutha ngaphandle ngalahlekelwa kancane ukusebenza, kodwa ekuqedeni amaphutha.

Ukupholisa uhlelo

Uma kuba nezinkinga phakathi izicelo olunzulu, amathuba kuphezulu ukuthi uhlelo PC Ukupholisa isebenza inefficiently. Inkinga kubhebhezelwa uthuli lokho kuqeda ku radiators. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugeleza cool air osenyameni fan iba abakwazi ukushaya ingxenye sensimbi zonke we umzimba ukushisa.

Ukuthola okweqile, uhlelo ingasetshenziswa. Ukuxilongwa ukwehluleka kukhompyutha ngesikhathi esifanayo zidinga umsebenzisi ukufaka kuphela isicelo ezifanele kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza inzwa.

AIDA64

Omunye amathuluzi engcono ukuqapha lokushisa ikhompyutha - AIDA64. Ngemuva kokuqala uhlelo udinga ukukhetha "Amathuluzi" kusukela imenyu phezulu, bese - ". System Ukuzinza Test" Isikrini izoveza iwindi nge amagrafu. Azobonakala izinga lokushisa labo bonke Izingxenye ezisemqoka PC.

Ngemva ngokuchofoza "Izintandokazi" ungakhetha idatha inzwa azoboniswa amashadi. Ngakho indlela yokwenza ukuhlola i-computer yakhe okweqile akunakwenzeka lapho ikhompyutha ungaphakathi okusindisa mode, kumele ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okukhethekile. Ukuze ukuhlole ukuziphatha PC kuyilapho CPU ukusetshenziswa ezingeni esiphezulu kufanele usethe uphawu lokuhlola e oqoshiwe othi "Ukucindezeleka CPU" futhi "Ukucindezeleka FPU" in the ekhoneni eliphezulu esinxeleni.

Kungcono ukuba asuke kudivayisi ngalesi test, begodu zilandela idatha ahlinzekwa Uhlelo. Ngakho indlela yokwenza umuntu etholakala ukuthi une-computer yakho - lokhu uhhafu kuphela impi, ngaphezu zokuxazulula inkinga, kufanele futhi makulethwe PC behluleka. Lapho izinga lokushisa esibucayi weqiwe, kubalulekile ukumisa kwenziwa lokhu kuhlola ucabange esikhundleni kohlelo indlu. Ungabi kahle ukushaya uthuli kurediyetha, bese uhlole izinga lokushisa nge umthwalo esiphezulu.

Ukuphahlazeka ngesikhathi imidlalo

Uma iphutha computer zenzeka ngesikhathi imidlalo noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi ukukhuthalele usebenzisa uhlelo ihluzo, ukuxilongwa ikhompyutha yakho kungenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo FurMark.

Ngemuva kokuqala ukuze uvule iwindi izilungiselelo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukhethe sokulungiswa okukhulu osekelwa ukutjheja kanye uphawu lokumaka "Isikrini esigcwele". Manje uhlala uchofoze eliqoshwe umbhalo othi "Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka".

On isithombe ngakuthathu liyavela esibukweni, kodwa akufanele beyibukela. Ukunakwa main kufanele igxile ingcaca ukuthi ivela ezansi. Ibonisa izinga lokushisa vidiyo. Lapho ufika amagugu ezibucayi, qhafaza inkinobho ethi "ESC" ukuphuma lokuma.

ukukhubazeka isithombe

Uma ngenkathi usebenza kuma-qapha ukubonisa umbala okungalungile, inkinga evame ixazululwe ngokumane esikhundleni ikhebula. Ukuxilonga kanye nokulungiswa amakhompyutha ehilela ekuqaleni izingxenye yokuqinisekisa. Zama qinisa ngezikulufo yokuphepha isixhumi. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, ungakwazi ukusula oxhumana nabo utshwala, futhi hlola ukusebenza ikhebula kwenye ikhompyutha noma umengameli.

Izinyathelo odlule awuzange kwaholela impumelelo? Vuselela noma faka umshayeli vidiyo. Futhi, yilutho ukuhlola ikhadi ihluzo okweqile, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Ayikho umsindo

Indlela yokwenza kukhompyutha yakho ukuxilonga kanye sibone inkinga, uma umsindo ishoda? Ngokuvamile, lezi zinkinga zenzeka ngemuva kokufaka ikhadi elisha isiqophi noma umshayeli ubuyekeza ikhadi ihluzo. Cishe zonke lezi amadivaysi yesimanje ihambisane-HDMI okukhipha, lapho umsindo kungaba okukhiphayo. Futhi nokwanda amadivaysi umsindo ekukhiqizweni kukhona ingozi Tuning ayilungile.

Qala noma yimuphi umdlali luwuphendule umculo. Chofoza igundane isithonjana isikhulumi kuthreyi yesistimu bese uchofoza ilebuli "Ukudlala Amadivayisi". Ohlwini esinxeleni sewindi esivula, chofoza inkinobho yegundane kwesokudla kudivayisi ngalinye, futhi wangitshengisa OS ukuthi kumele kusetshenziswe ngokwakhona.

Uma umsindo awavelanga, ukuhlahlwa computer ekhaya kuzodinga isinyathelo eyengeziwe. Hlola izintambo ukuthi ukuxhuma isikhulumi kanye okukhipha ikhadi umsindo. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ngokukhubaza isixhumi ipulaki kusukela kukhompyutha bese uxhuma kunoma iyiphi enye idivayisi yomsindo (TV, ephathekayo umdlali, iselula).

Uma umsindo izikhulumi namanje awaveli, zama esikhundleni ikhebula. Uhlelo lomsindo buthule, emva inqubo? Ngakho, i-computer kuyinto ukusebenza ngokugcwele, futhi esikhundleni kudinga "umsindo".

HDD ukungasebenzi

Indlela ukuqhuba ikhompyutha zokuxilonga uma disk hard akubonakali noma Windows Explorer noma BIOS? Qala ngokuhlola amakhebuli. Indlela elula ukusebenzisa umzila ku HDD, okungakwazi stably. Uma ngabe le ngesilinganiso akusebenzi, awokuthi zokugwema ukuphuka idrayivu. Kulokhu, imizamo kweyesi ukulungisa ngeke nemiphumela emihle ekhaya. Kutholwa idatha kusuka kule HDD ongenza kuphela onguchwepheshe.

Uma ulwazi hard drive ingafundwa, kodwa ukuba ivuleke i-OS, yamkhuza, akunakwenzeka, ngakho-ke, MBR (MBR) ilimele. Ukuze kulungiswe le nkinga, i-boot kusuka Windows ukufakwa disk. On imenyu, qhafaza inkinobho ethi "Ukulungisa kukhompyutha yakho", bese - "Ukubuyisela bootloader."