Uffizi Gallery, Florence - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe incazelo

Florence - idolobha ekhethekile, ngisho e-Italy, ezweni ecebile amasayithi esithinta umhlaba wonke. Umlando elifakwe wonke umoya, kwakhuphuka amakhosi amakhulu Yenguquko. Emigwaqweni Florence bawele endleleni Michelangelo futhi uLeonardo (umhlangano enjalo kwakungatholakala kalula ukuqeda skirmish uyisififane, abaculi bayinqoba, nesikhathi kuphela owayengenza buyisana them). On the itshe, kanye wema Piazza del Duomo, Dante walithanda ukuqagula (ngeshwa, lokhu imbokodo engakaze walondoloza, okuyinto into edabukisayo, kodwa indawo lapho akade emi khona, bazi konke lapha). Ntshumayelo of Savonarola, kakhulu, babe kulezi ezitaladini.

A jewel wangempela Florence - the Uffizi Igalari owanikhipha ndawonye eziningi yobuciko okukhulu yobuciko.

Florence kanye abashisekeli zayo

Florence, ngokungafani emadolobheni amaningi asendulo, bezilokhu esekelwe uhlelo, nomuzi wawungowegolide nezinxushunxushu ekuqaleni alien. eragela zezakhiwo, emigwaqweni nasezigcawini babe umgomo Abadali eziningi ensembles yezakhiwo. Yiqiniso, ukuba nesimo sengqondo esinjalo ekubukweni sangaphandle edolobheni kuqedile ngaphandle izindleko ezinkulu impahla, kodwa ibhizinisi imali, njengoba umthetho, akazange ame. Florentine lomkhaya ocebile, Alberti, Strozzi nabanye abaningi engawayekanga igolide, uzama ukudala luhlaka ephelele lokhu jewel Tuscany, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye ukuvuselela amagama abo.

Medici, okhokho babehilelekile sokuphulukiswa, phakathi ngekhulu nanhlanu babe bebhange ochumayo. iminikelo yabo zanikezelwa a ukuphana ekhethekile, futhi iqoqo imidwebo kanye eziqoshiwe yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo ikusasa Museum omkhulu, okuyinto uqhosha Italy. I Uffizi Igalari kusekelwe Medici.

Ukwakhiwa isakhiwo ekuphathweni

Ngo-1559, omunye Medici, Cosimo mina (Senior), ababebusa edolobheni ngesikhathi, wanquma ukwenza eyodwa ukuphathwa igunya futhi ukuqoqa wonke ekuphathweni kwelinye ibhilidi. Wayengumuntu hhayi ngafunda, nakuba ubuciko wamazisa ngempela, kodwa umbono yokudala igalari kamuva.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ebaziwe, eziqalisa amaqoqo, wasenqaba eVatican, futhi ngakho-ke wethulwe uPius V Francis the First. Ngesikhathi isonto ubuholi izimangalo abangela sokunconywa bokubeka imisebenzi, kanye neqiniso lokuthi emifanekisweni ukuboniswa izinhlamvu nqunu, kwakubonakala esinesono. Okokuqala, zonke lezi ingcebo igcinwe esigodlweni yokhokho Ricciardi, owasebenza kule Medici umndeni castle.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngo-1560, unyaka waqala ukuklama esigodlweni ivulekile, sithunywe ukuba umakhi abadumile Vasari. Ngacabanga kubhidlizwe izakhiwo eziningi futhi kusele izingxenyana zazo bavunyelwa ukuba usetshenziselwe ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zamakhosi entsha. Igama elithi "Ufitsii" lihunyushwa lisuselwa Italian ngokuthi "Chancellery" (plural).

amaphrojekthi yezakhiwo

Icala yayiqhubeka, e 1574 master wafa, bese uqedela ukwakhiwa kwadingeka Buontalenti, ababhekana ngokuphumelelayo umsebenzi ngonyaka. Ngalesi sikhathi injongo isakhiwo ishintshile, kodwa igama uhlala efanayo, Uffizi Igalari. Florence iye okucetshiswe amakhosi okukhulu wadala futhi eqoqwe yinoma umndeni Medici usebenza, kodwa ungakwazi ukujabulela kubo ngaleso amalungu okuqala kuphela yezikhulu. Eminyakeni eyishumi, isakhiwo baqhubeka ukuqedela isakhiwo ekugcineni Palace ukuhlela ukuthola sehhashi, ngenhloso komfula ewumngcingo ohlangothini amafasitela. Ukucekela ezinye zezakhiwo ezindala (kwesinkuntshane ubudala futhi lombhishobhi San Pietro Skeradzho) abaklami isandla wavuswa, futhi bangena Ensemble jikelele. Ngaleso sikhathi, kokubili iinkghonakalisi emakhulwini amane.

kumiswa igalari

Lwathi luphela ukwakhiwa Vasari (futhi kwaba umculi, hhayi nje umakhi) wayezazi yokuthi akuyona esigodlweni eyakhelwe kwabaphathi bedolobha, futhi igalari. Uffizi wathola ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha, futhi izinqumo eside eyenziwe umakhi, nomthelela izimo ezikahle kakhulu ukukhanya zokuvuleleka esizayo. Ngo-1737, ngokusho intando Cardinal Leopoldo, owokugcina umndeni Medici, lonke iqoqo umndeni laba impahla yabantwana emzini Florence. kamuva Ngisho eminyakeni eyikhulu waba Museum yomphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, in the namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu weshumi nesishiyagalombili, yokusungula lokuqala iqoqo, okuyinto unqobile imiqulu eyishumi ihlanganiswa.

Self-ekumeni

I Uffizi Igalari eqoqwe eziningi self-portraits, basendulo nabanamuhla, okungase wafunda inkathi. Ngesisekelo leli qoqo bekulokhu uchungechunge imisebenzi wathenga Leopoldom Medichi, owayekhonze cardinal LamaRoma Academy of St likaLuka, bese-ke njalo kwakubekelwa agcwaliswa. Beka ukuchayeka portraiture baba esitezi sokuqala isakhiwo. Nge leli qoqo labantu wesimanje ungathola umqondo ukubukeka nobunjalo abadwebi olukhulu Italian (kuhlanganise da Vinci, Titian, Veronese, Romano, uRaphael Michelangelo), nakwamanye amazwe (Dürer, Rembrandt, Rubens, Velazquez, Van Dyck uKarl Briullov ). Ekhuluma Briullov. abalandeli bakhe kwakufanele Walter Scott kanye Kommuchi, balijabulela "Usuku lokugcina yasePompeii", umdwebo ukuthi kwenziwe Italy, wadala furor ngisho phambi ukunqoba Petersburg.

Kodwa futhi emelelwa Giotto futhi Caravaggio, futhi amanye amagama amaningi adumile ...

Tribune we Uffizi

Kukhona umnyango ekhethekile igalari, embozwe isikhumba indwangu, okuholela esichasiselweni emaphakathi ebizwa ngokuthi ngisesiteji. Igumbi ingenkulu kakhulu, esikhanyayo ingilazi lantern ophahleni futhi liqukethe imisebenzi evelele kunazo zonke, kuhlanganise izithombe, imidwebo kusukela esikhathini ehlukene kanye nezikole. Maphakathi egumbini kumi vosmistennoy Venus sizungezwe fauns dancing futhi Apollo. Kukhona into ebaziwe isigqila nokhahlo elola ummese. Omunye amabili Venus, kulokhu olungokomfanekiso yileyo Titian. Kukholakala ukuthi Tribune eqoqwe okungcono ukuthi angaletha ukunakwa Uffizi Igalari:. Raphael sika "Madonna we goldfinch" "i-Portrait of uPapa uJulius II" futhi "ioann Krestitel" Lapha futhi "Ukuzalwa Venus" by Botticelli, nemisebenzi eziningana ezembula waseBhayibhelini indaba ephathwayo yokukhulekela we izazi (Ghirlandaio futhi uLeonardo da Vinci), kodwa jewel real - "Umkhaya Ongcwele" Michelangelo Renaissance titanium.

ukulahlekelwa Uffizi

Italy phakathi namakhulu eminyaka esiye sabhekana izinxushunxushu eziningi nezimpi, zabulala abantu nje kuphela, kodwa futhi isebenza yobuciko. Izikhathi eziningi, balahlekelwa kanye Uffizi Igalari. Florence esendleleni wamabutho kaNapoleon. Iqoqo bekulimele futhi kancane baphanga empini esenzeka ngo-1943, lapho amaNazi ethatha le lizwe ngomzamo ukuvimbela ekuthuthukiseni amabutho ahlangene. Khona-ke, ngemva kokuqhuma amanzi edolobheni ukuthengisela, elisezansi ngakwazi ukubona kancane enezikhukhula. Bede kungezwa amaphekula Kushone 1993 ibhomu, kanti abantu abahlanu ngenxa yomonakalo yemisebenzi elingenakuqhathaniswa art ehholo Niobe. Ezinye kuhlulekile ukubuyisela nemidwebo.

IBhodi izivakashi

Ngaphambi uvakashela leli qoqo emangalisayo, kuyasiza ukufunda olunye ulwazi mayelana lokho mithetho futhi lapho Uffizi Igalari. Photo kanye ukuqopha emahholo, njengoba eminyuziyamu kakhulu akuvunyelwe. Leli akulona Administration mkhuba futhi ngempela isilinganiso okunengqondo-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba silondoloze imidwebo. Okuphuma lapha - NgoMsombuluko, nganoma yiluphi olunye usuku umnyango ovulekile kusuka seligamenxe ihora lesishiyagalombili ekuseni kuze eziyisikhombisa kusihlwa, kodwa kungcono eze ekuseni, eziningi izivakashi, futhi kwakhiwa ulayini, okuyinto uyokuma okungenani ihora (futhi ngezinye izikhathi eside). Ebusika, abantu kancane. Ithikithi yokungena kubiza 9 euro angu-10 cents, kodwa usuku lokuzalwa zonke ungaya khulula. Kungokufanayo uya for the isigamu enhle lwesintu, kodwa kuphela kwalolusuku lwabesifazane Mashi 8 (lapha, futhi, lugujwa).

Ayikho iziphuzo akuzona kuwufanele ukuthatha, ngeke avunyelwe. Ukunikezwa izinkambo yokuwuthola emgqeni evela kwabanye iziqondiso engumthengisi, kufanele indiva. Ingabe iqembu isikhathi eside, futhi isikhathi kuyoba hhayi ngaphansi kuka ngimi emgqeni, futhi izindleko zizoba ukwandisa kakhulu. Kungcono ukubhuka ukuvakashelwa yakho kuyi-Internet, kuzodingeka silinde imizuzu amabili nje, 4 euro kwendibilishi, kodwa awukwazi yephuze.

Ubhaka kungcono ukushiya ihhotela, ngeke akuvumele kuye, kodwa konke isitoreji cishe kuyafana for ithikithi. Uffizi Igalari inikeza kahle 8 euro into elula kakhulu ngokuthi nalalelwa mhlahlandlela. Ukuze uthole it, udinga indlu, noma iyiphi incwadi nge isithombe.

Futhi musa umgomo ukuze ubone konke kwelinye ukuvakashelwa. Akunakwenzeka. Uma amaningi ukuvakashelwa isikhathi akwanele, kungcono ukugxila isiqondiso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kwezobuciko, bukhulu Uffizi Igalari. Izibuyekezo umngane nabangane abaye bavakashela lapha, kuyosiza kule.

Indlela yokuthola?

Isakhiwo Museum Akunzima ukuthola ngokwanele iyiphi besidindilize by zendawo bathi lawa magama amabili: "Uffizi Igalari". Qondisa, Uffizi endaweni elula, Uffizi Palace. Empeleni, e-Italy inembile inkulumo ethi amazwi amathathu: «Galleria gli Uffizi», kodwa qondani okuyintando ngakho. Kungenxa enkabeni yedolobha, ngakolunye uhlangothi we Ponte Vecchio, omunye endaweni abadala. Florence kuba Museum olukhulukazi emfuleni Arno.