Valentin Serov (umculi): Umlando nesithombe (isithombe)

Kubonakala sengathi kusukela umoya sokuqala ngqá umdwebi wakhe Russian Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov lwaluyoba unobuntu obuhlukile futhi kwakhiwa kuphela athuthukile.

Emoyeni, ayegcwele art

Wazalwa Petersburg, January 7, 1865 emndenini zomculo, okuqondene elite okudala umphakathi waseRussia. Ubaba, u-Alexander, kwaba wezingoma odumile nomculo umhlaziyi, umama, uValentina S., wayebuye abe umqambi professional kanye wabhala izihloko ngomculo. endlini yabo kwaba njalo ophithizelayo, baba wenze izingxoxo eziphilayo mayelana art, mpikiswano ezithakazelisayo angokwesayensi nolwazi. Ngaphandle umculo, uyise asithandayo wesayensi yemvelo, izakhiwo kanye okuhle ngaso umdvwebo. Wakwazi nge ingane isencane zigxilisa lokhu uthando nendodana. Mhlawumbe ngenxa kwalesi simo okungokomoya okunomsoco emangalisayo futhi kuvela lo odumile umculi Serov, okuyinto ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, umhlaba wonke wafunda.

Ukuzalwa ubuhle

Kwathi ngomnyaka wesihlanu wokuphila, umfana nabazali bakhe kuqala waya kude. Kwakuwuhambo eSwitzerland, lapho ehlangana-Alexander omkhulu umqambi German nowayenguSomhlahlandlela yobuciko uRichard Wagner. Mhlawumbe isipiliyoni kosuku ngendlela yabo ukuze ugaye isipho eyinqaba futhi original ukuthi uyoba umculi Serov.

kungazelelwe Biography umfana washintsha lapho uyise eshona ngokungazelelwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1871. ngokuzumayo ekuphileni A obunobunye umndeni okungahambanga kahle. Phesheya uValentina S. kwesokunxele, kodwa indodana yena ingathathwa, eyamshiya esehamba Russia. Nicholas epulazini e esifundazweni Smolensk kwakukhona isigodi zabantu eziyisithupha, lapho konke sabiwa. It kwakuhlelwa abavamile. Emini abantu ensimini, futhi kusihlwa wafundisa ekukwati kufundza nekubhala ongumlimi. It ke waqala ukudweba eziningi ezincane Tosha Serov - umculi ezivela kuNkulunkulu. I izindlu Nicholas umfana wafunda ubuhle kanye magic bemvelo Russian. Kodwa ngemva konyaka zindlani beqiniso lashabalala, kanti ingane ithunyelwe kunina eMunich. Lapha esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva, eziyisishiyagalombili Valentin Serov wathatha izifundo drawing ne womqophi noKarla Keppinga. master German wakwazi ukubona e umfundi oshisekayo ababeyoba kweyishumi kamuva Serov. Umdwebi wanika izifundo umfana Russian nsuku zonke.

abashisekeli brilliant

Umuntu osuka nengangibajwayele belulekwa ukuthatha indodana Valentine Semenovne sika IIya Repin owaphana 1874 wasebenza Umdwebo "Sadko" futhi wahlala e-Paris, e Montmartre. umdwebi odumile ngokuzithandela uhlaziyo ukuqeqeshwa luthela mculi.

Ngo 1875 Serov wabuyela ekhaya. Summer, umama nendodana yakhe wayichitha ifa Savva Mamontov Abramtsevo yayimangaza futhi kuzuzise. Lapha basungula ngendlela eyingqayizivele lapho umculi wabhala Serov imidwebo in izinhlobo ezehlukene kanye namasu.

Ukuqashelwa lokuqala

In autumn umfana kuchaziwe Petersburg esikoleni-ebhodini. Kodwa entwasahlobo wayegula futhi uValentina S. kubhekwe ukuthi impilo yakhe badinga ukuthuthela eningizimu. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili umndeni, eliholwa umyeni umama omusha Vasiliy Ivanovich Nemchinov, uye wahlala e Kiev, lapho Valentin nasesikoleni futhi waqhubeka ukufunda umdwebo. impumelelo womfana asikabi babi othisha kungaqashelwa, kanye nekudvweba esikoleni waklonyeliswa lendondo yesiliva abasha noValya Serov. Umdwebi, ogama biography ugcwele emihlanganweni futhi ukukhulumisana ne ababengaphambi omkhulu, likhula ngokushesha njengokaputeni Umdwebo Iyizeli.

Lapho umndeni ngo-1878 bathuthela eMoscow, lapho kakade wayehlala futhi esebenza emuva kusuka phesheya, Repin. Amakilasi ukubuyiswa. Umfana waya Repin ngempelasonto, ngoMgqibelo wanikeza izifundo master umfundi e umdvwebo, futhi ngeSonto wafundisa imidwebo.

Kodwa ngo-1880, u-Ilya Repin wathatha uhambo oluya eCrimea ukuze aqoqe ukwaziswa useyili omkhulu "I Cossacks." Nge master waya kwelinye futhi umdwebi amateur Serov. Imidwebo, imidwebo, imidwebo nesithupha izinsizwa zazingakabi sesimweni Lokuphakathi ngempela, kodwa lapha ubonisa ukuthi draftsman ovuthiwe futhi onekhono. Self-portrait wadala kule minyaka, kuthinta ukujula introspection umculi osemusha sesibukeli. Ngale ukubukeka izindebe tensely ivaliwe, ukukhanya abukhali nasethunzini dlulisa uhlamvu nzima futhi zokudala kwakwakhiwa master esizayo.

mfundi osemncane

Repin yayilungiselela umfundi abanekhono ukuze ungenele Academy of Arts. Serov ukuthi usemncane kakhulu, kodwa u-Ilya Yefimovich wabhala izincwadi ezithonyayo uNobhala inkomfa ye-Academy, nekhasimende lakhe wabelwa sokuzithandela. Uthisha wakhe zamanje Pavel Chistyakov yafuna lo mfundi osemncane we feat, futhi wayesebenza ngokungenabugovu, ngaphandle engashiyi isikhathi nomzamo.

Ehlobo lika-1884 futhi ngavakashela Serov Abramtsevo eduze eMoscow. Lapha ngalesi sikhathi iphaneli ukuze Historical Museum of Victor Vasnetsov wasebenza. Kulelo hlobo, umculi osemusha Valentin Serov wadala omunye ekumeni omkhulu lyrical, wabhala ULyudmila Mamontov, nomshana UMuphi abadumile.

ukubhukuda ezimele

Ngo-1885 Serov nonina baphinde bahambela Munich ke insizwa baya eNetherlands. Ukubuyela Petersburg, ngemva kokungabaza kancane Valentin kwesokunxele Academy of Arts. Kulo nyaka, yena zaveza "izinkunzi" futhi isithombe umakoti wakhe Olga Trubnikov.

1886 iphawulwa umculi Abramtsevskaya nezisusa. Serov wadala namathafa "Autumn", "Winter e Abramtsevo", "echibini", futhi wayenikeze lover yakhe ngu iwindi.

1887 uyakhazinyuliswa Serov. Yena ngesineke edumile "Girl nge Peaches" (portrait abasha Ukholo Savvishna Mammoth). Isithombe iletha ujabule futhi freshness imibala, isimo sokulindela okuhle kakhulu. Omunye umsebenzi abadumile onesihloko esithi "Girl ku Ukukhanya kwelanga" (portrait umzala - Mary Simonovic) wabhala ngemva konyaka, Serov.

Umdwebi, ogama biography kwamiswa bedle ubungane obuqinile uVladimir Derviz, aluthola impahla edolobhaneni olunothile Domotkanovo, ayikwazanga ukumela lokhu ekhoneni imvelo on ngendwangu. Ukudweba "Autumn. Domotkanovo "- ukubukeka okukhethekile at ekwindla isiRashiya, ungajabule futhi engaqondakali. Wonderful kwenkundla "yene Pond", wadala ngawo lowo nyaka, egcwele ngokumthanda ezingavamile.

Ngakho eza ngenkazimulo

Winter 1888 Serov washada wahamba nomkakhe eFrance. Okulandelayo intsha ebusika eqhutshwe eMoscow. umculi Akwaziwa ivumile pose i udumo Italian - ecula i-opera Andzhelo Mazini. Esikhathini 1890s ekuseni Serov wabhala inombolo ekumeni unamakhono, kuhlanganise eni of the uthisha Ili Repina, Isaak Levitan, uNikolai Leskov.

Imisebenzi Social nezobuchwepheshe

1894 - Serov ngenkathi kuhanjwa enyakatho Russia, kuhlanganise nomunye ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe abanamakhono - Konstantin Korovin. Abaculi ukuletha eziningi imidwebo fresh futhi ezithakazelisayo futhi imidwebo. Kulo nyaka, Valentin Aleksandrovich eba yilungu le-Association of the Wanderers. Kusukela 1897 umculi wanika master emakilasini e-Moscow School of Painting, ethuthukiswa yimithombo osaziwayo ezifana Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, uNikolai Sapunov, uKonstantin Yuon, Martiros Saryan.

Kusukela engxenyeni 1890s umsebenzi Serov yesibili kuqashelwe kakhulu uhlobo imidwebo "Baba enqolenii," "Ubumpunga Day", "Kusukela iwindi ifa", "Umhlangano", "Baba nge ihhashi." Ngo-1899, umdwebi wadala Umdwebo adumile "Izingane", okusho ithumba namadodana akhe - kuSasha Yura.

Ukuqala 1900s alethwe isiko Russian enezinto eziningi ekumeni ngokuphawulekayo Serov, aqhubekisela actress Mariyu Ermolovu, umbhali Maksima Gorkogo, umculi Fedora Shalyapina, Engineer Emmanuel kaNobel, ballerina Anna Pavlová. Phakathi nale minyaka, wathumba ngumuntu master onamakhono zezikhonzi zomlando. Ukucabanga ku ikusasa Russia Serov okungavamile utshelwa ukwakha uchungechunge imidwebo omangalisayo kwenkathi sikaPeter Omkhulu, ozakwabo kanye abazolandela esikhundleni. Yaba ezidumile ezifana "Petr Veliky e Monplaisir", "Ukuhamba kaPetru II no-Elizabethe ukuzingelwa."

Ukuqashelwa wezizwe wayeyisazi Russian

Ngo-1904 Valentin Aleksandrovich wahlala e-Italy, ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, waya eGreece. Of Serov zaqashelwa njengoba best ngesikhathi eRoma embukisweni ngo-1911, futhi wabonisa ekufundeni ezweni isikali pan-European, indlela kwadingeka Serov. Umdwebi, Biography emfushane zazo ezichazwe kulesi sihloko wayegcwele imibono enkulu neziqalo omkhulu, lapho ukufa okuzumayo yisifo senhliziyo azifinyezwanga ukuphila kwakhe. Valentin Serov wafa Novemba 22, 1911 eMoscow. Iminyaka 46, impilo egqamile futhi ekhululekile okudala umculi wadala kungathi izingalo ezingamakhulu amabili okudaliwe omangalisayo esiyingqayizivele.