Izici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov sika kafushane: "I Cherry Orchard," "We-seagull", "Malume Vanya"

Izici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov beziphawuleka njengoba ezintsha abaculi abaningi. VI Nemirovich-Danchenko futhi K. S. Stanislavsky ezaqala ukubonakala kwelase-ukunyakaza okukhulu nemidlalo ye "umshoshaphansi" laseChekhov sika yilokho okwenzeka ngemuva commonness zangaphandle gubadlela kwangaphakathi obuseduze ukugeleza okuqhubekayo lyrical. Benza yonke imizamo ukuletha incazelo fresh lokudlalwayo laseChekhov ukuze izilaleli. On isibonelo idrama ethi "I Cherry Orchard," "We-seagull", "Malume Vanya" sicabanga okwakhe bokubeka imisebenzi lo mbhali.

Incazelo yempilo

Izici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov kungabhekwa kalula omunye udlala yakhe edume kunazo zonke - ". I Cherry Orchard" Isimiso Its main kwaba ilungiselelo lokunqoba netimiso waseshashalazini yaseshashalazini bendabuko imisebenzi kwekhulu XVIII. Kuyaziwa ukuthi laseChekhov wafuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi yesehlakalo kwadingeka konke empilweni. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-inhliziyo "I Cherry Orchard" umcimbi abavamile kakhulu - ukudayiswa, ifa libe izikweletu ezweni kunokuba akhethe phakathi komsebenzi kanye umuzwa, edwengula umphefumulo umlingisi, hhayi ukushayisana kubulawe abantu namakhosi, namaqhawe futhi amashinga. Wemidlalo kubuyiswe ngokugcwele kusukela yangaphandle ngesakhiwo bezijabulisa esivuna izenzakalo elula futhi kube lula, efuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isimo nsuku zonke hero engengaphansi conflictual.

izinhlamvu kuyadida

Izici dramaturgy laseChekhov sika (10 ekilasini ofunda kuncike ngokuningiliziwe) nazo ebonwe incazelo abalingiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, e-play "I Cherry Orchard" Cha villain okuqina noma villain. LOPAKHIN yomthengisi othenga izindlu zeMasters ukuze izikweletu, - indoda futhi onomusa. Akayikhohliwe indlela ukushisa wamphatha Ranevskaya kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kusukela inhliziyo, abese ebuza wakhe ukusiza wokutakula Gaev izindlu - inikeza engadini phezu ngabanye amasayithi zwe. Futhi, ngaphandle umcabango wesibili, ubapha Lyubovi Andreevne ezikweletini, cishe wazi ukuthi akabuyanga. Nokho, LOPAKHIN othenga indawo yethu futhi unikeza ukuze bagawula cherry izihlahla, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukuhamba ezingcweti ezindala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uDavide wayengekho ngisho ukuqaphela ukuthi ebangela lokhu ubuhlungu Ranevskaya futhi Gaev. Nokho, umthengisi, ekhumbula injabulo ubuhle Amasimu poppy lapho wakwazi ukuzuza izinkulungwane 40. Ngo umlingisi we hero uthole ongaphakeme futhi high, isifiso sokuthwala abantu ubuhle nokuhaha, unya nezifiso zasebukhosini. Ubuhlobo nalokho ababukeli kwakhiwa eziphikisa. Kodwa ekuphileni kwangempela ayitholakali abantu ngokuphelele yinhle yini noma yimbi. ukunemba enkulu yama izinhlamvu - lena esinye isici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov sika.

"Undertow"

Ezinkondlweni zakhe, laseChekhov enqaba ngokuphelele kwabanye amasu ezigcawugcawu. Isibonelo, ikhiphela ngaphandle isakhiwo monologues ngobuningi, njengoba abantu abasho ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Izici drama laseChekhov e-"I Cherry Orchard" ukubonisa ngokucacile lokhu. Kunalokho uyaphawula ngamabomu "maqondana" umbhali isebenzisa ekhethekile iqhinga ngokwengqondo ukuthi Nemirovich-Danchenko futhi christened osetshenziselwa noma "umshoshaphansi." Okokuqala, it is a "umsindo double" uhlamvu ngalunye, okungukuthi, ubumbaxambili ubuntu bakhe. Isibonelo onjalo 'esiphilile' singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela incazelo ubunjalo Lopakhin ezihlongozwayo ngenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngendlela ekhethekile laseChekhov yakha inkhulumomphendvulwano izinhlamvu bakhe, okungukuthi, kwenza kube ukuze izilaleli bakwazi ukuzwisisa lokho abacabanga izinhlamvu phakathi nenkulumo yamaphuzu nezindaba zomndeni. Xoxa Lopakhin futhi Varya oqotsheni sesine - isampula incazelo ecacile. Bafuna ukukhuluma ngemizwa lwabo ngomunye nomunye, kodwa ukukhuluma ngezinye izinto. Ukupheka ngifuna into, futhi LOPAKHIN abelana izinhlelo zakhe ebusika ozayo. futhi akekho Ngenxa isimemezelo uthando phakathi izinhlamvu.

misa isikhashana okunenjongo

Izici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov sika akupheli. Nakuba iningi izinhlamvu amadrama ezembulwa ngokusebenzisa ikhomishana izenzo Anton Pavlovich bona azibonakalisa isipiliyoni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandelela e kudlala yakhe "umshoshaphansi." misa isikhashana Ezivamile anencazelo esijulile kuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva ukwehluleka incazelo phakathi Varya futhi Lopakhin uhlamvu eyedwa futhi bekhala. Lapho Ranevskaya engena ekamelweni, bese ubuza wakhe ngisho nombuzo owodwa: "Yini?" Phela, izinyembezi kungadalwa kokubili injabulo kanye nosizi. Phakathi interlocutor kuthé ikhefu. Lubov uqonda yonke into ngaphandle incazelo, futhi uqala ukuba basheshe ukuhamba. Noma oqotsheni zokugcina Trofimov uPetru uqala on ingxoxo ingcebo yakhe emihle futhi sithi "Humanity liyasondela iqiniso ephakeme, ukuze injabulo ophakeme ukuthi kungenzeka emhlabathini, futhi Ngingumfana emgqeni ongaphambili!" Ngo umbuzo obhuqayo Ermolai Alekseevicha " ? Doydosh "uPetru iyaphendula ngokuqiniseka ukuthi: 'Doydu. (Misa okwesikhashana) Doydu noma ucacise omunye endleleni, ukuthi ungathola kanjani. " Lokhu ukuthula phakathi imishwana ibonisa ukuthi iqhawe engazizwa indida kumngane wayo uthi ngempela sina.

Emazwini akhe

Izici dramaturgy laseChekhov sika (kafushane, yebo, ukuchaza zonke ezicashile nzima) futhi e kokusebenza, ebonakala ingasho lutho amasu waseshashalazini - kumbhali Emazwini akhe, imisindo, nezimpawu. Ngokwesibonelo, e kwakuyisenzo sokuqala sokuhlaselwa "I Cherry Orchard", umlobi likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe indawo - egumbini lapho bonke ukufika kulindeleke Lyubovi Andreevny. Ngokukhethekile ku lokhu okwashiwo yile ndoda kunikezwa engadini, okuyinto kungabonwa ngefasitela - izihlahla zalo embozwe izimbali ezimhlophe. Isibukeli kanye umfundi ngesikhathi esisodwa kunomuzwa Kuyadabukisa ukuthi yonke le ubukhazikhazi uzofa maduzane. Futhi esasizizwa ngayo, silindele isenzo sesibili, equkethwe amazwi kungabonakala emaphethelweni engadini kanye yocingo izingongolo. Ngaphezu ukubaluleka ngqo, lokhu kwenkundla kukhona kuwumfuziselo - New Century abizele imithetho yayo, futhi akukho ndawo cherry engadini yezithelo. "Isidleke Noble" Ranevskayas-Gaeva ngokuqinisekile ubhujiswe.

imisindo

Umsindo ukudlala ngemisebenzi indima laseChekhov sika. Izici lokudlalwayo laseChekhov sika njengesibonelo play "I Cherry Orchard" iphuzu ngqo kuso. Sad Waltz ukudlala ibhola, okuyinto, kuphambene yini enengqondo, uhlela ukuhweba nsuku lubov; knock amabhola for amabhiliyade, okusikhumbuza yokuchitha isizungu intandokazi Gaeva; umsindo yezinhlamvu eziphukile, irretrievably ngobugebengu charm nokuthula Ntambama ehlobo. Kuthinta abatelekile Ranevskaya ukuthi ngokushesha uqala ukuya ekhaya. Nakuba Guys futhi LOPAKHIN ngokushesha ukunikeza incazelo obuphathekayo imisindo ezingemnandi (ukukhala lenyoni, aphule ebhakedeni emayini), lubov uyabubona ngokuhlukile. Ukholelwa ukuthi nokugedla kochungechunge eziphukile kubonisa kwaqedwa ukuphila kwakhe kwangaphambili. Yiqiniso, ongokomfanekiso umsindo ngembazo ekupheleni play: ubuhle bezwe - ingadi yezithelo yona isibhekwa cherry - yayiyobizwa ochithwa Lopakhin oda.

imininingwane

Ngokuningiliziwe, ikakhulukazi umbukiso umxhwele izici kudlala laseChekhov sika. Ukupheka enkundleni sonke isikhathi livela ingubo emnyama kweqembu okhiye ibhande lakhe. Lapho ibhola Ermolai A. umemezela ukuthi ngithenge izindlu, yena ngokweyisa Ufaka okhiye bakhe LOPAKHIN izinyawo. Ngakho-ke, ebonisa ukuthi akhokhe yonke umnotho. Uphawu esidabukisayo okuqinisekile eRussia kokuqeda Manor bese lidlala isiphetho: zonke ukushiya indlu, Ermolai A. sivala kwaze kwaba sentwasahlobo ka emnyango aphume ekamelweni emuva kukhona ogulayo inceku firs ubudala, okuyinto amanga usofa bese iqina. Zonke kuba sobala ukuthi ne umnakekeli lokugcina Russia yakhe manorial kancane kancane iphele.

"Lube buthaka" ngesakhiwo

Akubona bonke abantu ababephila ngesikhathi umbhali kuhlulekile ukuhlola izici idrama A. P. Chehova. Ngokucacile bayasigxeka sengathi kuncike insufficiently ekhululekile ngemisebenzi yakhe. Ngaphambi laseChekhov indaba play yayisekelwe, njengoba umthetho, ku ukungqubuzana zangaphandle eyodwa. Ngokusebenzisa umcimbi, eyakhelwe ukushayisana of izinhlamvu eziningana, ichaza okushiwo umsebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, e "Maye kusukela Wit" isenzo kusekelwe ukuphikisana phakathi Chatsky futhi oluzungezile yayo "umphakathi famusovskogo." ukungqubuzana Traditional enquma isiphetho abalingisi, ebonisa ukunqoba omunye phezu nezinye izinhlamvu. Izinto zihlukile e kudlala laseChekhov sika. umcimbi Main (ukudayiswa, ifa libe izikweletu) ngokuvamile senziwe ngemuva. ngesakhiwo izimpawu kwalo mkhiqizo neze luhlukaniswe izakhi evamile asekelayo (umvuthwandaba, decoupling nokunye. D.). Ijubane senzo njalo behlisa ijubane, bakhathala futhi drama kwezahlakalo is wavuma kakhulu uxhumana nomunye.

Izici idrama A. P. Chehova (Grade 10 izifundo nezincwadi ihlangabezana ayikajuli nge umsebenzi umbhali) basesimweni Psychology ezijulile ngendalo yakhe. Umbhali akafuni ukukhombisa Ukungqubuzana namaqhawe zangaphandle, esikhundleni izimo zangaphakathi ukungqubuzana yayo ebuhlungu izinhlamvu zakhe. Liyaziphikisa bayatfutfuka ezingqondweni nabalingisi ungahlali kule mpi for izindlu (akuthathi indawo), kanye ukungavumelani iphupho ngokoqobo, ukungeneliseki nabalingiswa ngabo nezwe elibazungezile. Ngakho-ke, esikhathini sokugcina play thina awuboni Lopakhin yokunqoba, futhi le ndoda ngeshwa ubani ekhala ngenxa yosizi, "O, bancamela nayo yonke into engahambanga kunalokho zizoshintsha ngandlela-thile engeyinhle, ukuphila kwethu bangajabuli." Ngemisebenzi laseChekhov sika ngiswa abasemqoka abazizwa akuyona, futhi iphutha ngomcimbi ewela ngamunye wabo. Esikhathini kudlala laseChekhov izinhlamvu ezibalulekile ngokulinganayo futhi central nezincane.

uhlobo engavamile

Ubunikazi uhlobo futhi ikakhulukazi okukhulu laseChekhov. "I Cherry Orchard" - laqanjwa lyrical Nokho, futhi kuwo umbhali uye wakwazi ukuba sifake izakhi yamahlaya. M. Gorky ngokuthi play "a drama entsha," okuyinto ihlanganisa bokubanga edabukisayo (sorry mayelana nokufa lengadi yezithelo cherry nokuwa isiphetho izinhlamvu), futhi olwalusikisela yamahlaya (ecacile -. Encazelweni Charlotte izithombe Simeonova-amakhwela, Epikhodov njll .; ngeveli - izinhlamvu e Lopakhin Gaeva, Ranevskaia njll) .... Ngaphandle, abalingiswa yokwenziwa, kodwa inertia yabo lifihle ngaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi isinyathelo-reflection.

"We-seagull"

Zonke izici laseChekhov sika dramaturgy kafushane abangu asibekele isibonelo umkhiqizo owodwa kuphela - ". I Cherry Orchard" idrama Lona ucezu yokugcina laseChekhov, lapho wafingqa impumelelo yakhe yokudala. Noma kunjalo, konke okungenhla kusebenza kweminye imisebenzi umlobi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhathazeka kwakho, nokufuna umoya kwakwande "We-seagull" laseChekhov ngasizathu simbe ngokuthi amahlaya. This wemidlalo puzzle namanje ekujabulisayo izingqondo abacwaningi, kodwa ngubani azophikisana ne neqiniso lokuthi uwukwenziwa wizadi amahlaya esidabukisayo? Anton Pavlovich kungase kukhishwe izinkondlo kusuka kakhulu kokungalondeki zokuphila futhi usungula ongavamile ku yayo umsebenzi uhlobo sokusebenzisana. Njengoba e "I Cherry Orchard" in the play "We-seagull" akuyona izinhlamvu emaphakathi. Zonke izinhlamvu kuyalingana, ohlangothini futhi phezulu isiphetho akekho, ngakho umlingisi lomcoka kuwo. Igama lalesi ucezu ufanekisela kakhulu. Seagull, ngombono wami, limelela indiza nekhathazayo, ngeminako kude, ukuhamba umfutho. Kulesi idrama kukhona indaba banal, yembulwe sihloko ezibanzi ukunganeliseki obabayo isabelo sabo, iphupho lempilo engcono. Kodwa lokho okushiwo yile play kulethwa ababukeli ngokusebenzisa abavamile, imininingwane kwansuku asho okujulile, khona-ke "umshoshaphansi." Lawa izici kudlala laseChekhov sika. "We-seagull" - umsebenzi ejwayelekile lokhu umbhali.

"Malume Vanya"

Lona omunye umkhiqizo ezintsha laseChekhov. It izici futhi ngokucacile manifest lokudlalwayo laseChekhov sika. "Malume Vanya" - umdlalo lapho umlobi ayigxilile ukuphikisana zangaphandle phakathi izinhlamvu kanye nakho kwawo kwangaphakathi. Household zeviki nazi umthombo ematheni ingxabano. Lutho nezinezinhlekelele kakhulu isiphetho izinhlamvu laseChekhov sika, eqinisweni, kungenzeki, kodwa abawona aneliseke ezimpilweni zabo. Abanye bachitha izinsuku zabo angenzi lutho ukuvilapha, abanye - ngokufutheka abangenamandla, nabanye - ngekumangala. yokuphila Esimile kwenza abantu bubi nakakhulu manje kunaseminyakeni kungaba. UDkt ASTROFF elonakele Wynn wathukuthelela umhlaba wonke, Serebryakov - ignominiously phansi. Bonke baye baba nongazigqizi qakala maqondana nomunye futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ngokwabo. Ukuphila kwabo lutho futhi engenamsebenzi. Futhi ubani okufanele asolwe? Njengenjwayelo, laseChekhov - konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Icala elikhulu liba umlingisi ngamunye.

isiphetho

Ngamafuphi, ngifuna ukuchaza zonke izici kudlala laseChekhov sika iphuzu:

1. Cishe yonke imisebenzi umbhali zakhelwe incazelo eningiliziwe indlela yokuphila, lapho abafundi nezibukeli ukuzwa esithile izinhlamvu, imizwa, izimo namaqhawe.
2. Ngo indaba kudlala laseChekhov BakaJehova aziyona izenzakalo ezimangalisayo elikhanyayo, umthombo oyinhloko ingxabano - imizwa engaphakathi izinhlamvu.
3. Heroes imisebenzi laseChekhov edidayo, ngamunye wabo nokuthi unezici emihle nemibi.
4. Tinkhulumiswano emisebenzini kombhali ngokuvamile aqukethe imishwana kusele izingxenyana nje ze okunenjongo adlulisa kubalulekile abadlali impilo.
5. Amazwi, imisindo, imininingwane angokomfanekiso kubaluleke kakhulu kule kudlala laseChekhov.
6. Wemidlalo Anton Pavlovich uhlobo ezahlukene okwakhe. Izenzakalo ezimangalisayo ezenzeka kuwo iphothene ne osetshenziselwa yamahlaya eyenza isithombe umcimbi kuwo uyaphila futhi eyiqiniso.

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi konke mayelana izici okukhulu amakhono AP LaseChekhov. Umsebenzi wakhe ngakwesokudla kuvela Isikhwama yegolide zabuna emhlabeni.