UNikolai izilimi: Biography

Esesithathu yokuqala yekhulu XIX kwaphawulwa ebukekayo "segolide" isikhathi izincwadi Russian, okwakunginika izimbongi consummate okuthiwa isikhathi Pushkin sika. Manje bangabafowethu izinsika okuphakade intelligence, ulwazi uthando, ubuhle nobuhle, esekelwe okuyinto kwakhula kuka kwesinye isizukulwane abantu. Enye yalezi izimbongi NM IziLimi - eyodwa A. S. Pushkina noN V Gogolya.

Nikolay Yazykov: Biography

Imbongi wazalwa ngo-March 4, 1803 edolobheni elincane phezu iVolga Simbirsk. umndeni wayo ocebile lasendulo yizicukuthwane kwadingeka nezimpande ezijulile. Ngiseyingane, uNicholas wakhuliswa okungcono amasiko wokuziphilisa. Wathola imfundo yekhethelo ekhaya, ngakho ekuqaleni yaqala ukubhala izinkondlo, ngisho ehamba ekhulekelwa lo msebenzi.

Lapho ngineminyaka engu-12, ngo-1814, wathunyelwa Institute of Mining Onjiniyela Petersburg, lapho ababeqeqeshwe abafowabo ababili abadala. Kodwa kulo mkhakha kwakuyisazi hhayi umphefumulo lulwimi futsi ngaletinye tikhatsi waphonsa izifundo zakhe. Nokho, uthisha izincwadi Markov, ababemthanda ofana nendodana, insizwa sitadishe ngenkuthalo wenza ucwaningo imisebenzi kanye Derzhavin University. Ngo-1820, ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu, ulimi sinqume ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe e-isakhiwo Engineering, kodwa wafika lapho ngokushesha ngayeka ukuya esikoleni, futhi ngaxoshwa.

Dorpat ngobudedengu

Petersburg Izilimi UNikolai Mikhailovich wajwayelana umbuthano umlobi odumile futhi ngo-1819 waba ngowokuqala ezinyathelisiwe. Siyabahlonipha bese befundela othisha enkulu kangako enjengokufa Karamzin, Zhukovsky, ubaba, Byron, Pushkin kanye abasha. Isipho sakhe sokuqala olusankondlo waphawula AF Voeikov eyakhipha izinkondlo zakhe e "Sorevnovatele". Weluleka UNikolai Mikhailovich faka zefilosofi Dorpat University, lapho imbongi waqala ukutadisha European, izincwadi Western isiRashiya, futhi ngokoqobo yawela isici lwabo lwendabuko.

abafundi University babe idume ezamehlela zabo kumnandi, ukuzitika-ukuphuza, ukuphuza iculo, Duels nge rapiers. izakhi neziLimi abangu ngokushesha waqaphela futhi amukeleke Zhukovsky futhi Pushkin Delwig, okumemile kuye ngo-1824 kuya Mikhaylovskoye yakhe futhi vesi AN Wabhalela Wolfe: "Yebo Yazikova imbongi Ngilethele nawe!". Kodwa umhlangano wabo senzeka eminyakeni emibili kamuva.

ukuphila enhle

Ngesikhashana emnene kakhulu igama imbongi sika yaziwa, ivesi sonorous awadlulisela umculo sung ekhwayeni umfundi. Izilimi Nicholas wajabula Dorpat ukuphila voluptuous, kodwa akazange aphelelwe isithunzi sakhe kazwelonke. Futhi naphezu mahhala futhi aluhlaza imvelo, imizwa yakhe lakubo wakhula izinkondlo namandla futhi sung.

Ngakho-ke, ngisho ihlelwe umbuthano abafundi Russian. Ngo Dorpat ayihlala yakhe ephambili kunawo wonke eminyakeni eyi-8, kodwa ngenxa njalo ngokunganaki binges inyuvesi wathola iziqu ngaphandle diploma 1829. Yazikova esindiswa neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela ukufunda kahle, futhi ngesikhathi wakha wezincwadi omkhulu.

Njengoba wahlangana Pushkin Trigorskoye at Wolfe e 1826. Lo mhlangano bathonya Yazikova izinkondlo Pushkin yena wakujabulela lokusungula imbongi. Kugcine Ngachaza zonke okuvelayo lakhe inkondlo zakhe ezimangalisayo "Trigorskoye".

EMoscow kanye neHhovisi

Ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu ngo-1829 wathuthela eMoscow futhi wahlala endlini Elagin-Kireevskys seSangweni Red. Woza kuye ngokuvamile seza Pushkin, Odoyevski, Baratynsky nabanye. Imbongi waya ngokushesha Slavophile Umbuthano "eMoscow Gazette." Ngalesi sikhathi waliloba eningi yayo, kungashiwo izinkondlo engcono.

Septhemba 12, 1831 Izilimi Nicholas wamiswa njengomdala umsebenzi we-Ofisi Land Survey, okuyinto ayekubheka njengenkinga okuthiya amakghonwabo. Ngaleso sikhathi, imbongi wafuna umhlalaphansi endaweni ethile endaweni, bese ubhala ngaphezulu. Kodwa ngo-1833 kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo nge neurosyphilis - isifo emgogodleni. Wasula, washiya eMoscow futhi zayiswa impahla yakhe e Simbirsk, lapho eqoqwe iculo Russian futhi babejabulela ubuvila senkondlo. Kodwa sifo buye kancane kancane ukuthuthuka, futhi 1837 Izilimi waya eJalimane, lapho akuzange ngcono.

Ngezinye Hanau ehlangana Gogol, futhi ngo-1842, ngokuhlangana wavakashela eRoma futhi Venice. Kuthe-ke ukuba kwaba lula, waphinde abamagange bathatha kuze the esibayeni. Ngalesi sikhathi Izilimi wabhala inkondlo "On the Rhine". Ngo Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo lika-1843 isimo sakhe sasibucayi ongenafu, wabuyela ezweni lakubo. E-Moscow, ngoba kuthinta impilo yakhe eqaphe umngane wakhe ubudala UProfesa Inozemtsev. Kodwa ulimi kancane befa, ukuzijabulisa yakhe kuphela isibe semihlangano yamasonto onke olwaqala abangane abalobi.

Eshukunyiswa ukubukwa yabangane bakhe slavophiles imbongi hit baseNtshonalanga ngesigijimi salo abadumile eyihlazo "kuya hhayi-neyethu", lapho amalungu Westernized leqembu wabiza yezitha lawobaba. Khona-ke waloba ucezu Izilimi "Ukuzamazama komhlaba" okuyinto Zhukovsky kubhekwe phambili izinkondlo Russian. Naphezu kokugula kwakhe sina, imbongi baqhubeka nokubhala izinkondlo kanye, ngokuvumelana Gogol, yafinyelela isimo eliphezulu kakhulu lyricism.

Ukufa sisonqenqemeni

Ngo-December 1846 ngesikhathi engenzi lutho Yazikova yavela ngemva ngumkhuhlane abandayo, futhi waqala okulungiselela ukufa. Poet abamenyiwe umpristi ukwenza duty lokugcina Christian, wenza oda umngcwabo, uzilungiselele uhlu lwabantu wayefuna ukubona emngcwabeni futhi wayala ukuba ukudla umngcwabo eyodla.

Disemba 26, 1846 ngehora lesithupha kusihlwa Izilimi Nicholas buthule wafa. emngcwabeni wakhe ku Tverskaya Street Church of the Annunciation, futhi wangcwatshwa Danilov Monastery. Namuhla ethuneni lakhe, efana ithuna Gogol sika iyiswe Novodevichy emathuneni.