Uhlamvu kule noveli "The Master noMargarita" Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot: isithombe incazelo, kuvetwa kwebalingisi nesithombe

Le noveli "Umninimuzi UMargarita", wadala Mihailom Bulgakovym, - ngezindlela eziningi umkhiqizo engavamile. Interweaving izigcawu waseBhayibhelini esingokoqobo abavamile Soviet, ubumbaxambili izinhlamvu abalingiswa nezenzo zabo, onentshisekelo uthando umugqa - akugcini. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalokhu zingezona ezibonakalayo ngayo njengoba uhlamvu enovelini Shoeless Nikanor Ivanovich, bese usetha, ngisho nezikhulu ezincane wasebenza njengoba Bulgakov ngokuningiliziwe ukuze udale ngokugcwele ephelele, umsebenzi ebalulekile.

Kafushane mayelana inoveli

"Master noMargarita" - ukudalwa okuyinto abokuqala ekukhanyeni eminyakeni 1966-1967. It yanyatheliswa kuyi nyangazonke "Moscow". Umqondo ngokwakha umsebenzi Bulgakov achanyuselwa kudala, kudala ngo-1928. Kule ncwadi ngesikhathi indalo yayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa samagama esishintshile ( "inselo unjiniyela", "Umsebenzi Osiza ukuze inselo" nabanye.), Ngenxa yokuthi umqondo wokuqala uhlelo ingakamiswa aqondakale ngokugcwele ngisho umdali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni komsebenzi ku umkhiqizo Ukhulelwe ngoba Bulgakov enqabayo - umbhali, sasibhekwa 'neoburzhuaznym "ayengavunyelwe nabezindaba ngokuqondene lapho ukukhathala ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ayikwazanga kuthinte sinezithelo wawusondela kunjalo lokho yayihloselwe. Ngo-1932 inoveli Abaqala ziyahlangana, ijwayelekile abafundi namuhla: lalibukeka UMargarita, izinceku zeNkosi, igama obekiwe (ngo-1937) futhi abalandeli isihloko asithandayo elihlanzekile, eyaphakade, ngothando oluphakade, ukubonakala lapho abacwaningi baye exhumene umshado Mihaila Bulgakova phezu ES Shilovskaya. Kuze ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe umbhali yena, cishe abakuboni lokhu iphuzu, ubizwa afakwe izinguquko umbhalo kanye nokulungiswa. Ngemva kokufa umlingani Shilovskaya ukubeka yonke imizamo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okumqoka sengane ethandekayo; Wabuye isinyathelo futhi umhleli kuqala. Nokho, noma ngabe yikuphi, umbhalo ogcwele, ngaphandle ukucwaninga ukusikeka kanye nezinguquko, yanyatheliswa ngo-Russia kuphela ngo-1973.

indaba

Ngaphambi kokudlulela ukukhuluma ngokuthi ubani lo Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot, kufanele uchaze kafushane isihloko jikelele umsebenzi. Le noveli kuyinto interweaving lemigqa eziningana futhi ezimbili zamatshe isikhathi: eBhayibhelini nasemiqulwini-yalolucwaningo 30 XX leminyaka. Ngokokuqala ngqá, ingabe izenzakalo ehamba izungeze uJesu noPontiyu Pilatu, kwesibili - umugqa uthande Margarita zeNkosi, kanye indaba ezingaqondakali futhi satirical ngengozi Voland (uSathane) kanye retinue yakhe Muscovites (kulapha lapho kuthanda Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot iqhaza).

Uzungu lwenzeka ngesikhathi Ponds Umbhishobhi BakaJehova eMoscow, lapho Woland ifika ezicashe ngumuntu wakwelinye izwe. Uhlala phansi omunye heroes kule noveli, Ivan Homeless, wakhulela endaweni uNkulunkulu ukhona nokuthi eSoviet Union, futhi ubuza umbuzo wokuthi ngubani ophethe izimpilo zabantu iphinde zonke oda lasemhlabeni, uma hhayi uNkulunkulu. Abantwana Basethempelini Poet waphendula ngokuthi impendulo konke umuntu ngokwakhe, kodwa izenzakalo ezizokwenzeka ngemva ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyoba ekuphikiseni mqondo ezashiwo Ivan. Esikhathini ashukumisayo kakhulu, ezihlekisayo, elikhazimulayo ifomu umdali avuke izinkinga wokuhlobana kwezinto kanye incompleteness bolwazi lwabantu, Yiqiniso kusengaphambili ukuphila, amandla aphakeme, kwamandla umuntu phezu kwamabutho ezidabukisayo yakhe, eqinisweni ubukhona, okungase kukhanye uthando noma lokusungula. Ngenxa yalokho, bobabili ngesikhathi kumiswa hlanganani ekupheleni kwelinye: ENkosini uzohlangana uPontiyu Pilatu (abayokwakha kuye wayeyiqhawe, Master isebenza, okungukuthi, umfundi kuyodingeka ukubhekana noveli enovelini!) Ngo phakade, lapho bayobizwa inike okungazelele yokukhosela, ukuthethelelwa, insindiso .

Izingxabano baxgeki nezazi

Ngaphambi zisebenza uhlamvu ngegama Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot, ngifuna ukugxila eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo ukuthi kuze kube manje emhlabeni ukuhlanganisa uhlobo inoveli ne isigaba esithile agumenti philological bengayeki. It is aphathwe njengomuntu inoveli zefilosofi, inoveli, enganekwaneni romance, imfihlakalo (ukuthi kuhlobene nezinga idrama Ephakathi izindikimba waseBhayibhelini). Abanye abacwaningi (BV Sokolov, J. Curtis et al.) Khombisa ukuthi Bulgakov umkhiqizo has a isimo esingavamile futhi ayikwazi izinkudla okungaphansi kwenkululeko yimuphi uhlobo oluthile eyodwa.

Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot: izici nemisebenzi esiqintini

Ngakho, uma sikhuluma lokhu uhlamvu, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi indaba wayengumuntu usihlalo zhiltovarischestva ku Sadovaya Street. Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot ( "Master noMargarita") - isithombe, projecting samuntu wonke umphakathi eMoscow. Yena - umkhwabanisi kanye kwengobe, uyavuma isiphakamiso Koroviev (omunye abangane abaseduze kasathane) ukuze nginikeze "okubi" efulethini (okuyinto lwadlulela) babuka Woland kuphela ngoba, barefooted, ubuzothola isizumbulu lungisa ngesimo ukufunjathiswa. Yiqiniso, lokhu kwenziwe ngesizathu: lwemali, ukuphepha mkhulu futhi esakhiwe kahle away indlu umphathi ukupholisa, imilingo, engaqondakali, engaqondakali siguqulelwa angaphandle, kanye namaphoyisa Nikanor Ivanovich kusukela Koroviev olulodwa ahamba okubalahla.

wesigxavuni Babengafundile Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot, ogama image kubonakala alukwazi ukukopishwa eziningi empeleni ekhona empeleni Bulgakov zabantu ngenxa yayibekwe ekuqaleni ezindongeni NKVD yesimanje ke kungazelelwe eqala ukubona, siqala ukuba nokholo kuNkulunkulu futhi iwela ukunyakazisa iminwe.

Nikanora Ivanovicha Bosogo Dream ukuhlaziywa kanye nenani

Esikhathini isiqephu kwephupho lakhe Nikanor Ivanovich kuyinto yaseshashalazini, sizungezwe isixuku zamanye amadoda, ezingajwayelekile ababezinikele ukuba nginikeze lwemali. incwadi Fear iqhawe linesisekelo ngempela empilweni: kulolu hlangothi, lesi senzakalo laphefumulelwa Bulgakov indaba umngane wakhe omkhulu, the N. philologist Lyamina. Umkakhe wesibili, wakhumbula ukuthi esisodwa, futhi "okubangelwa"; Nicholas wahlala "kukhona" amasonto amabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala kulesi siqephu ngempela ukuvela ngo-1929, lo mkhuba - ngaphezulu ukuboshwa njalo yi-OGPU, injongo owawungumnyaka ukususwa abakhileyo igolide, ubucwebe kanye nemali.

Labo baboshwe abagcina esitokisini amasonto, zilindile zaze "ngokuzithandela" umaluju hoarding izinqolobane. Kulokhu, amanzi wanika kancane, futhi wapha sokudla anosawoti omningi kakhulu. Ukuvela isahluko kwezombusazwe olubucayi kangaka, ngakho kube nesisekelo sangempela kakhulu; okokuqala yalotshwa 1933 bese namanje eyaziwa ngokuthi "The Castle of Izimangaliso", ngemva kwalokho impikiswano kakhulu futhi okunganambitheki emagunyeni yesehlakalo ziye eshelelayo futhi kabusha.

Eqinisweni, inguqulo yasekuqaleni Nikanor Ivanovich Barefoot, uhlamvu ezihlekisayo, lapho abafundi manje zithola ngisho isihawu okungalindelekile, kufanele ngabe eliyingozi kakhulu: I-sihilela vzyatnichestvo hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ekubalahleni izimisele ngokufunjathiswa nokuphamba. Njengoba singabona, sibonelo we "amanoni" ukudla lover futhi isiphuzo esenziwe hhayi Ljamin, ematfuba ukudalelwa okuyinto Bulgakov yena Bakhexa, njengoba omunye wamalungu egcwele "okuhle inkampani" inombolo inhlangano endlini izindlu 50 Bolshaya Sadovaya Street (Cishe K. Sakizchi), wahlala khona njengomfokazi Bulgakov.

izinkomba olusobala ukuba eminye imisebenzi

Image nencazelo Nikanora Ivanovicha Bosogo ithumela umfundi Cabangisisa ukuba imisebenzi enjalo eliyigunya izincwadi Russian classical ngokuthi "Inhliziyo ka Inja" (Shvonder), "Abafowethu Karamazov" (Ukudoba Barefoot Fagot, Koroviev kanye search sici Ivan Karamazov ngesikhathi kokuphenywa), "U-Inspector General" (isilinganiso Gogol ukuze iMeya abathengisi efana ukuziphatha kwabasebenzi maqondana iziboshwa OGPU).