Izinjini lwemikhumbi: izinhlobo, izici kanye nencazelo. Isikimu zasolwandle injini

Ngu injongo ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana izinhlobo ezahlukene zasolwandle izinjini. Amadivayisi, okuyizinto eziyinhloko ukushayela force, kukhona eziyisisekelo. motors Asizayo ahlinzeke ukusebenza ezahlukene ezikebheni izindlela. Ikakhulukazi, imodeli esetshenziswa wokugcinwa amandla ugesi, ngamawinji futhi compressors. Amandla ipharamitha futhi kwenzeka amadivayisi ngokuhlukana.

Enye imodeli sihlukene phakathi ngokusho uhlobo fuel amandla omlilo. Kungenzeka ezimbili-unhlangothi noma ezine-unhlangothi hlobo. Idivayisi lokuqala isehlane nge okuxubile uphethiloli amandla omlilo. Kulokhu, a ingcindezi njalo inikezwe. Nokho, kukhona ushintsho amandla omlilo fuel ngevolumu njalo. Eceleni walulama ukumisa noma ngaphandle supercharging. Kubo bonke ukuqonda, udinga ukubona iphetheni umkhumbi izinjini ezahlukene.

A push-silingo uhlelo ukuguqulwa

imodeli ababili-unhlangothi (zasolwandle injini uhlelo aboniswe ngezansi) uvame efakwe izikebhe. Tiller babesebenzisa uhlobo mathupha. onobuhle ngqo kushaft sezisungule phezu umshini emotweni lapho kuhlanganiswa khona umoya nomusi kaphethiloli iyunithi. Amandla ukuguqulwa awafani. Pushers zivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa nge ngocingo. Leyo mikhumbi idrayivu shaft efakwe Pallet. Izibopho asetshenziswa ezimbili-unhlangothi onobuhle. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ingcindezi asendleleni isilinganiso waqhubeka 5 ibha. Marine injini petrol incike tekusebenta amandla iyunithi.

Izici ezine-unhlangothi onobuhle

Uma sikhuluma izici zasolwandle izinjini ezine-unhlangothi uhlobo, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ikhono isilinganiso uyalingana 40 kW. Pallets baye isetshenziswa Deadwood. Direct drive imiphini zitholakala ngenhla egumbini emaphakathi. amaphampu amanzi zingekho ezine-unhlangothi izinguqulo. Kulokhu entwasahlobo elihlangana esetshenziswa hlobo. Abanye onobuhle abe reverse igiya izibopho. Gear amayunithi esetshenziswa ziyahlukahluka. Kwesinye isikhathi izinjini ezine-unhlangothi igiya reverse esetshenziswa. onobuhle okunjalo Spring sise ezingemuva chassis.

Low-amandla motors

A ongaphakeme amandla injini (10 kuya ku-20 kW) elisetshenziswe kaningi nge isixhumi inguquko. Yokuqala kusukela ukulungiswa zisebenza uhlobo ngesandla aphethwe. Umngcele we-iyunithi umkhawulo ingcindezi awafani. Bangababambi zivame kakhulu esetshenziswa ne anodes. Ngqo imiphini bendiza ogibele Pallet.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zikhona izinguquko ukuze izimpimpi. Ngokusho uhlobo idivayisi omlilo ekamelweni zihlukile. Ama-gearbox enza asetshenziswa ipuleti ikakhulu antikavitatsinnoy. Ngo o uhle eziningi, ukuhlanekezela izibopho akukho.

amandla Model isilinganiso

isilinganiso amandla injini (20 kuya ku-30 kW) ngokuvamile zingatholakala emikhunjini umgibeli. I ngemoto baye basebenzisa, njengoba umthetho, uhlobo ibhande. Ngqo ukukhwezwa imiphini ububanzi 4.5 cm. I impellers zisetshenziswa kuleli cala kanye amagiya. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi kukhona izinguqulo nge supercharging. Deadwood esetshenziswa njengoba idrayivu kanye uxhumano izinhlobo. Ingcindezi isilinganiso nokukhawulela ipharamitha elilingana 4.5 ibha.

izinjini ezinamandla

A nenjini enamandla (30 kuya ku-40 KW) bavame ogibele izitsha ezokuthutha. Abalingisa ekamelweni ncwadi lihlukile impela. Kulokhu, lo carburetors ezifakiwe emva izindlu. Sekukonke, imodeli lingafika amaphampu ezinhlanu. Amaphayiphu esetshenziswa uhlobo reverse. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukubeka nobuningi umkhawulo ilingana 5.5 ibha. latches obuyela emuva cishe zonke ukulungiswa anikezwa. Impeller efakwe eduze carburetor. Shaft ngokuqondile onobuhle kungaba phezu Pallet. Abanye izinjini abe isixhumi. Starter ikakhulukazi uhlobo inhlukano isicelo.

Heavy-duty izinjini

Heavy-duty motor (50 kuya ku-60 kW) senziwa ngesisekelo the camshaft. Kulokhu, ukuguqulwa isebenzisa muffler. Carburetors ngokuvamile etholakala eduze Pallet. kukhona rocker ukusabalalisa uwoyela. Ngu uhlobo tappets onobuhle kuhluke. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi kukhona izinguqulo lapho ubakaki isendaweni ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza. Ngokwesilinganiso, ijubane injini lingaphansi kuka 2300 ngomzuzu.

Ukulungiswa we okuxubile uphethiloli amandla omlilo

Engine amandla omlilo uphethiloli okuxubile ezenziwa kakhulu kusukela ephezulu amandla gearboxes. Pinion amagiya ahlelwe ngaphansi kushaft. Kulokhu plate cavitation itholakala ngezansi futha nophethiloli. Isici esiphawulekayo izinjini yalolu hlobo kungenziwa ngokuthi khona abashushumbisi eqinile. Bona ukubola ngaphansi kwejoka.

Ngu uhlobo carburettors onobuhle kuhluke. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi amadivayisi ekhiqizwa nge camshafts ezahlukene. Ngokushesha ama-valve amadivayisi eklanyelwe 4 ibha. Deadwood itholakala ngenhla silencer. Kukhona ukucushwa lapho itholakala emva kushaft. Okokhelekayo for izinjini zasolwandle ketshezi efanelekayo uhlobo nge iphuzu flash at degrees 600.

nge omlilo izinjini ngevolumu njalo

Injini yalolu hlobo ihlukile ekamelweni volumetric. Kulokhu, lo rocker akusetshenziswa. Ngokushesha uphethiloli supply wenziwa yi-pistons. Crankshafts onobuhle ngokuvamile ngaphezu flywheels. Reducers ngokuyinhloko wasebenzisa ibhande. I silencer alisetshenziswa bonke ukucupha. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba uqaphele ukuthi amanye model abe uhlelo indlu. Ignition izinjini kuphela enikeziwe uhlobo exhasa.

amadivayisi supercharged

injini Supercharged kuyinto ekahle emathangini avuzayo. Yokuqala ube uhlobo inhlukano isicelo. Ngqo esisogwini tillers ngocingo, futhi unamathele camshaft. Ngokusho ekamelweni ivolumu onobuhle kuhluke. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi Ukugunda ezahlukene asetshenziswa amadivaysi. Kukawoyela futha lisetshenziswe. Spring onobuhle yalolu hlobo ezibekwe ngemuva impeller. Ezinye ukushintshwa induku ukudluliswa sishoda. Pinion amadivayisi enamathiselwe kaningi gearbox. Ukulungisa izinjini zasolwandle supercharged kwenziwe workshop port.

Amapharamitha amamodeli ngaphandle umfutho

Izinjini (imikhumbi) akhiqizwa ngokwemvelo aspirated, ngokuvamile ijoka. Amandla ukulungiswa ingeqi 40 kW. zingabantu esihle izitsha wezimpahla. Yokuqala asetshenziswa onobuhle eziningi isandla. Isilinganiso ingcindezi valve ungagcina ezingeni 5.5 ibha. Nezixhumi asetshenziswa amadivayisi ngaphandle abashushumbisi. Pallets ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngensimbi. Ezinye ukushintshwa ube Ilokhi reverse.

Shayela shaft injini elitholakala ngemva pinion. usayizi Impeller zihluke kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukuthi okuningi kuncike endleleni amandla iyunithi. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo ukupholisa esetshenziswa amadivaysi. Ngqo crankcase kukawoyela yimihlangano futha.

Amadivayisi nge yangaphakathi ingxube ukwakheka

Izinjini (umkhumbi) nge yangaphakathi ingxube kumiswa esikhathini sethu akuyona ovamile kakhulu. Amamodeli etholakalayo nge namandla mayelana 50 kW. Kulokhu, fan kungenziwa agibele amahhashi ngemuva idrayivu shaft. Abanye onobuhle ngumsebenzi zisebenzisa othomathikhi. Ngqo motor ukuziqalela kuqinisekiswa gearbox. Kwezinye ukucupha, kukhona yokudlulisela. Bangababambi otkidki babe izinjini ukukhwezwa ngemuva igiya pinion. usayizi Spring zingahluka. Ukulungiswa emakethe supercharged ethulwa. asetshenziswa amaphampu amanzi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukulungiselelwa ingcindezi umkhawulo lingaphansi kuka 6.5 ibha. Uhlelo ukupholisa inikezwe bonke ukucupha yohlobo emoyeni.

Spark ukuthungela

Izinjini (umkhumbi) nge inhlansi ukuthungela zakhiwe amakhono ehlukene. Deadwood e ukucupha eziningi, ukumisa uhlobo ukulungiswa. Transmission amayunithi ngokuvamile itholakala ezansi izindlu. Ngu uhlobo entwasahlobo onobuhle zihluke kakhulu. Ngokushesha ukushayela kushaft ukucupha ingaphezu ugqoko. Abanye onobuhle babe kwakukhona amaphampu amabili ukuphakela nophethiloli. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi lolu hlobo injini has a camshaft. kungenzeka abashushumbisi okushiwo izinjini eduze impeller.

Amamodeli nge kokucindezelwa-ukuthungela

Izinjini (umkhumbi) nge ukuthungela nokuguqulwa ngu kokucindezelwa zenziwa avame ezimbili-unhlangothi hlobo. Amandla onobuhle ngokwesilinganiso elilingana 30 kW. Crankshafts hhayi ububanzi enkulu efakwe ku ukulungiswa eziningi. Okokhelekayo amaphampu ngokuvamile etholakala ezingemuva izindlu.

Abanye ukucupha isicelo abashushumbisi. izinhlelo Cooling zivame enikeziwe emoyeni hlobo. Pinion for izinjini eziningi obangela le kushaft. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi onobuhle yalolu hlobo ezifakiwe rocker. Kwezinye ukucupha, has amaningi njengoba ezintathu valve. Lionfish ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa steel.

carburetor ukuguqulwa

izinjini Carbureted ekhiqizwa nge camshafts ezimbili. Kulokhu, iyunithi aphansi kusetshenziswa uhlobo mathupha. Fuel ukusetshenziswa kuncike amandla unit, ivolumu ekamelweni. Springs asetshenziswa kumadivayisi ne impeller.

Ukulungiswa kuya abashushumbisi awavamile. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi kukhona ezimbili-unhlangothi futhi ezine-unhlangothi imishini. Kukhona imodeli ne-rocker izingalo. ukujiya yabo ngokwesilinganiso 30 kW.