Indiza ebona? zinhlobo fuel

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi, ngaphandle izindiza ebona. Ukuze umsebenzi bushelelezi futhi ezinhle amayunithi ezinjalo zidinga ekhethekile ye-premium grade nophethiloli. indiza ezingeni kuxhomeke kakhulu lokho sahlanganiswa indiza. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izindleko woyela liye landa izikhathi eziningi ngenxa yokuntuleka uwoyela. Okwamanje, zezakhi entsha isakhiwa. Ngakho lokho ukhokhiswe izindiza? Uyini fuel salokhu kusebenza?

Izinhlobonhlobo yokubasela izindiza

Ngakho, lokho ligcwaliswe ezindizeni? Okwamanje, kunezinto ezimbalwa kuphela izinhlobonhlobo yokubasela imishini enjalo:

• yokubasela reciprocating izinjini;
• jet fuel, senzelwe jet onobuhle.

Uhlobo ngalunye yakhelwe ezithile izinhlobo izindiza. Njengoba ezothatha isikhundla uphethiloli kolunye uhlobo kuyingozi kakhulu. Phela kukaphethiloli kuncike ukuphepha zonke abayoba ku ndiza. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu refueling amayunithi basingatha ekhethekile. Uyini umehluko phakathi jet fuel kusukela zezindiza uphethiloli?

woyela

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi yini icala izindiza. Izibaseli for zikagesi ezifana nezimfanelo ezithile futhi izakhiwo. Yiziphi umehluko. Jet fuel, noma, ngamanye amazwi, woyela, saphela muva kufanele kusetshenziswe njengoncedo nophethiloli. Manje isetshenziswa kuphela. Akunjalo kudala uphethiloli enjalo landizela TU-22 futhi TU-16.

Ulungisiwe njengomlobokazi jet fuel ngezindlela eziningana kucutshungulwa uwoyela: ziphuzo zazihluzwa noma kwemifantu okhanda amanye amathuba.

Izici woyela

Avgas ngaphambili kubhekwe eliphezulu nophethiloli. Kungani? Kunezizathu eziningana:

1. Detonation ukuzinza. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu fuel ingasetshenziswa izinjini ifakwe okusezingeni eliphezulu kokucindezelwa izinga ingxube ezivuthayo. Kulokhu okuvela okungenzeka, kodwa waziba.
2. Ukwakheka Fractional. Aviation uphethiloli uyakwazi shabalala. Lokhu kubonisa ikhono layo ukwakha umoya-fuel, ukusebenza ingxube. Lesi sici kunqunywa elihlale umusi ingcindezi kanye lokushisa abilayo.
3. ukuzinza Chemical. Woyela ongamelana ukuchayeka ezithile yizici zamakhemikhali phakathi kokusebenza, ezokuthutha kanye nokunye.

Njengoba ubona, woyela kunezinzuzo eziningi. Nokho, kuye kwaba eside esetshenziswa njengoba uphethiloli. Ngakho lokho ukhokhiswe izindiza lapho woyela alisetshenziswa ngalezi zinjongo?

Aviation kaphalafini

Indlela fuel sigcwale izindiza ukuthi bebanga abagibeli nakwezempi? Ezimweni ezinjalo, iziketekete isetshenziswa - lokhu ingenye amafraktjhini uwoyela etholwe ziphuzo zazihluzwa oqondile sulphur ne ongaphakeme-sulphur uwoyela izinhlobo. Kule ndlela esetshenziswa kabanzi ka hydrotreating. Ngo fuel enjalo ngokuvamile engeza izithasiselo ezengeziwe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kaphalafini zezindiza, ngaphambi kokuthi zibe izindiza tank izinyathelo 8 maqembu yokuqinisekisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezweni lethu le ukulawula izinga uphethiloli Kwenziwa ngamasosha. Izindleko ithani elilodwa le fuel ruble ayizigidi 20-35.

izinhlobonhlobo jet fuel

Aviation kaphalafini inezici eziningi. Lokhu asidi sernost, nokuzinza ezishisayo. Kuleli qophelo ezweni lethu esetshenziswa ezinye izinhlobo zawo:

1. RT - fuel isezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa ingxenyenamba uwoyela. Lapha, kuba 135-280 ° C futhi sibhekana a hydroprocessing ephelele. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uphethiloli enjalo uhlukile ngisho phakathi izinhlobo entshonalanga uphethiloli. RT ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa SU-27 nokunye.
2. TC-1 - i-yokubasela izindiza inhlanganisela amafraktjhini ngqo waliphothula ngqo. fuel okunjalo okuhambelana Jet-A - nozakwabo Foreign. Ezweni lethu kuba ifomu ethandwa kakhulu zezindiza kaphalafini. Basuke run by izindiza yesimanje kanye ubudala ifakwe Subsonic, turbojet futhi turboprop izinjini.
3. T-6 ne-T-8b - fuel ukuthi yenziwa kuphela izidingo ezempi. Basuke icala leSupersonic MIG-35 fighters. Lokhu fuel etholwe ngenxa yokucwenga isikhathi eside, okwenza izindleko zabo kakhulu.

Ebusika, uphethiloli sengezwe izithasiselo okwengeziwe, okuyinto ungavumeli fuel ukushintsha izakhiwo zabo ezingokwenyama iyasebenza.

Bangaki amathangi izindiza

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule umbuzo kanjani nokuthi kungakanani uphethiloli is alayishwe izindiza, kubalulekile ukwazi amathangi eziningi kanjani atholakale iyunithi. onobuhle ezahlukene imishini ukuthi akuphi cishe ezindaweni ezifanayo: in amaphiko futhi phakathi nendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo of tank ka petrol ngezinhloso ezithile ngamunye. Okokhelekayo kusuka ethangini main yakhelwe operation esitebeleni of injini. Kwezinye izindiza, i amandla angeziwe endaweni nomsila. ithangi okunjalo liyadingeka ukulungisa umgwaqo iyunithi endleleni.

Inqubo ngokugcwalisa

Inqubo refueling izindiza - lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi Kwenziwa iqembu labantu esikhumulweni sezindiza. Ngenxa yale njongo, isu elikhethekile. Uma le nqubo olawulwa yomqhubi gas esiteshini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uphethiloli is licwebile. Kungakanani likhokhelwa izindiza? Konke kuncike ezihlukahlukene amasu. Ukuze ukugcwaliswa "Boeing" Kuthatha cishe 15 amathani fuel, futhi "Airbus" - amathani 15-25.