Imithetho Gossen sika njengenye naletintfo eyisisekelo imfundiso yokuziphendukela umphakathi abekelwe emaceleni

Hermann Heinrich Gossen (1810-1858) wathola iziqu zomthetho wakhe futhi engu-37 ubudala umhlalaphansi futhi wazinikela ngokuphelele nezezimali. He is nombhali umsebenzi owodwa, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1854, futhi ngonyaka ofanayo ikhishiwe ukusuka ukudayiswa ngenxa yokungabi bikho ephelele funa.

Ukuvela umqondo omusha emnothweni

Ngemizamo Economist French Walras nesiNgisi sefilosofi logic Jevons ncwadi, umlobi akanikelanga futhi udumo noma ingcebo, wathola ngengozi wezincwadi, waba zibhaliwe 1927. Lo msebenzi kwathiwa ekuqaleni ukuvela indlela entsha ngokuphelele futhi original eziyisisekelo umnotho ezombusazwe, ikakhulukazi, ukuchaza iwusizo zonke izimpahla kudliwe, imiphumela yabo kwi funa. Abalobi uyazisa umsunguli umqondo omusha. Lo mbono umale ngokuphelele nemiqondo eyisisekelo yomnotho classical zezombusazwe, lapho injini eyinhloko intuthuko, okuyinto anikeza ugqozi ekukhuleni komphakathi, kwaba umkhiqizi isicebi, futhi "inhlamba" wezomnotho kwezombangazwe wobunxiwankulu ukukhiqizwa dengwane ngokuphelele futhi unika igunya ku ukusetshenziswa. It okuthiwa inhlamba kwaba Marx ngoba bale ndlela esikoleni ukuze imithetho eyisisekelo ezomnotho balawule ukulinganiselwa ikilasi ka abakulindele. Ukushintsha imiqondo, izindlela, ukutolika, imihlahlandlela umnotho Koma amathe. Kuye wathola kwencazelo "lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso."

Merit Gossen

Gossen athuthukiswe futhi kwezomnotho kugomela le imfundiso yokuziphendukela Umbuso eziseceleni nemibhalo bezimiso zawo eziyinhloko. Omunye Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi njengoba abalandeli: umthetho Gossen. Ukubaluleka umbhali ekukhuleni komnotho wezwe liye landa kakhulu kangangokuba ngo-1997 kwamiswa i umklomelo egameni lakhe value ngokulinganisa of 10 000-euro. Ukhishwa yena, njengabo uMklomelo KaNobel kwezomnotho ngenxa yezinto zakhe noma theory brilliant kulo mkhakha, umgomo wami oyinhloko - ncono imphilo kunoma yimuphi umphakathi noma isintu sisonke.

Okuqukethwe postulates eyisisekelo

Kafushane imithetho Gossen sika ungaboniswa njengoba. Ingqikithi yalo yokuqala, uma ukusetshenziswa okuthile okuqhubekayo esikhathini esinikeziwe isikhathi, ukubaluleka ngamunye ingxenye elandelayo ziyokuwa maqondana usuvele usebenzisa. On isibonelo ukudla - ucezu yokugcina ukubaluleka (uma ukudla kuyoba okwanele) zero.

SUMMARY umthetho wesibili ngalendlela lelandzelako - okungcono design funa (ukusetshenziswa) etholakale lapho ngaphansi degrees okwedlulele ukudingeka izimpahla iyatholakala. Nalapha futhi, ngesibonelo ukudla - isidlo esikhulu futhi dish side kumele ezihlanganiswe izamba ezinje futhi imali enjalo ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuye kwaletha inzuzo kakhulu.

Umthetho sokuqala nesesibili Gossen nomthelela ukuqhubeka ukucabanga kwezomnotho, kwakheka isisekelo zamanani, wachaza amalungiselelo athile womnotho esigcawini, asetshenziselwa izibalo ukunikezela kosozimali funa. Kukhona umbono ukuthi imithetho wachaza engaqondakali kuze isikhundla kungani wonke idayimane engenamsebenzi kuwufanele engenakuqhathaniswa ezibizayo uma kuqhathaniswa ezidingekayo amanzi okuphila komuntu.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela Umbuso abekelwe emaceleni

Umthetho wokuqala Gossen ibonisa isimo elandelayo: uma izinzuzo eziningi, yize. Uthi uma ukusetshenziswa umphakathi omuhle inyuka, inani Umbuso ukwanda, kodwa Umbuso indawo abekelwe emaceleni incipha. Zonke abakutholile Gossen kugomela izibalo usebenzisa izibalo aljebra izikimu. Ngakho-ke, abameleli esikoleni wezibalo (wezomnotho kwezombangazwe) njengesibusiso esasisandulele oqondile.

Ekuqaleni, umthetho Gossen kwaba esibanzi, okuwukuthi, singabambi wesenzo yawela phakathi imiphi imizwa yabantu kanye nezidingo. Khona-ke, lokhu absolutism yabukezwa, kusukela ezimweni ezithile umthetho banciphise Umbuso waletha Imiphumela okuphambene ngokuphelele. Kwaphethwa ngokuthi ke kusebenza kuphela kumbuthano kunalokho emincane ezidingekayo ezidayiswayo (ukudla etholakalayo), kanye nekutfokotela akuveli ngaphansi kwalo mthetho.

ithiyori Gossen sika incazelo

Abamele izikole ezahlukene "inhlamba" wezomnotho kwezombangazwe wobunxiwankulu wagomela ngokuthi umthetho Gossen kusiza abaphathi abanekhono ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwale mboni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngendlela elandelayo. Uma Umbuso abekelwe emaceleni omuhle enikeziwe ngaphezu kwabanye, kanti ukwanda ukukhiqizwa yayo iba inzuzo futhi kudingekile, emakethe ligcwele, ukubaluleka iyasiza oyinhloko uwela maqondana nezinye izinhlobo zezimpahla, kuba nesidingo ekukhiqizeni kwabo. Khona-ke, ngenxa yokungabi bikho izinzuzo kuqala emakethe (kusukela ukukhiqizwa yayo lancipha) kuwo kukhona isidingo esiphuthumayo. Konke lokhu kuvusa ukukhula ukukhiqizwa yezimboni.

Futhi nanku uza force umthetho Gossen, obuye walungisiswa izibalo, has ezothando kanye wesifunda, kuhlanganise esibonelweni 'ngokungabi nandaba ijika ". Siqukethe ezimbili izinketho. I sokuqala sixoxa iyunithi akancike kwezomnotho (ukulimela ukuziphilisa), ibekwe todvwa esiqinile. Injongo ukuhlola - ukusungula isidingo ukukhiqiza enengqondo futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezimpahla.

inketho wakhe olandelayo sihlinzekela a subject ethize kokuba nemali ethile of imali, futhi isethi amanani endaweni umnotho lezimpahla. Lokho ukusetshenziswa limiters izimpahla ngamanani kanye esikhwameni. Umgomo - ngokusebenzisa Isivivinyo ukuthola inani elikhulu izinzuzo iyatholakala ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ngamunye okwaziyo ukukhulula kwanelise.

Abalandeli Gossen ubeke la thetho ngesisekelo ekubalweni okufunekayo zamanani. Uma sicabangela lokhu postulate ku isibonelo isabelo masonto onke umuntu othile, kuyoba ilingane Umbuso abekelwe emaceleni, kungaba uju noma isinkwa eminyango ingxenye lokugcina inani eliphelele imikhiqizo uthenge. Lo mthetho ubizwa ngokuthi umthetho Gossen yesibili.

ukugxekwa kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela

Ukuchothoza main kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela akhiwa Gossen kanye naletintfo zalo eziyisisekelo ugcizelela subjective-idealist indlela nokusatshalaliswa kanye ukusetshenziswa kwezimpahla, kuhlanganise isisekelo kwabo ekukhuleni komphakathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo indiva ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa futhi empeleni yayo emphakathini. Mayelana "vulgarity" we abekelwe emaceleni Umbuso imfundiso yokuziphendukela Marx wayephakathi isibonelo Umbuso indawo oluthandwa phakathi i-aphula violin. Umthola wangakwazi ngisho ukubuza umbuzo onjalo ngaphakathi isizathu.