Ubuningi be-Molar? Ithebula ukuze usize!

I-Chemistry yisayensi yezingqayizivele. Ngomqondo wokuthi izinombolo zangempela, ezingokoqobo, ezingokoqobo ezichaza ukuthi yiqiniso kuzo zingabe zincane kakhulu noma zikhulu kakhulu. Abaningi bangethusa ngenombolo enezinhlamvu ezingama-23. Lokhu kuningi ngempela. Kodwa empeleni amayunithi amaningi (izingcezu) aqukethwe kumlenze owodwa wezinto ezibonakalayo. Ungathanda ukwenza izibalo ngezinombolo ezinjalo ezinkulu? Lokhu kuyinkinga. Kodwa esikhathini sethu noma yisiphi isikole esikoleni esikwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga emakhemikhali ngephepha kanye nesibalo esilula. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yolimi olukhethekile lokulula, olwenziwe ngamakhemikhali. Futhi enye yenhlanganisela yegama eliyinhloko yalolu limi "inqwaba ye-molar".

Ifomula ngencazelo

Hlola umthamo we-molar umane nje: ubukhulu bezinto kufanele buhlukaniswe ngamakhemikhali amaningi. Okusho ukuthi, uzokwazi ukuthi imvukuzane eyodwa yalesi sici sinzima kangakanani. Kukhona enye indlela yokuthola ubuningi be-molar, kodwa lapha into enkulu akufanele idideke. Inqwaba ye-molar ilingana ngokulingana nenqwaba ye-athomu noma yamangqamuzana. Kodwa ama-unit of measurement ahlukile.

Kodwa ngokujwayelekile, ngani?

Iziphi izimo ongahle udinge ukukhululeka kwe-molar? Isibonelo esiyisibonelo yisidingo sokubona ifomula yento. Akuzona zonke izinto futhi akuzona zonke izimo ezinganqunywa ngamakhemikhali nokubukeka, ngezinye izikhathi kubalulekile ukucabangela ubudlelwane obuningi. Uma wazi ubuningi bezinto, ungakwazi ukubala uhlobo lwe-athomu nokulingana kwazo. Futhi uzodinga usizo lomuthi wamakhemikhali endala. Impela imdala kakhulu. UMendeleyev ngokwakhe.

Izixhumanisi zomqondo

Itafula lososayensi omkhulu lingasisiza kanjani? Umthamo we-molar wezinto ezilinganayo ulingana nenombolo kuya kwe-athomu yama-athomu (izinto ze-athomu nezinsimbi ezihlanzekile) noma isisindo samangqamuzana, kodwa kulinganiswa kwezinye izingxenye. Lesi sici salo mzimba sizoba amagremu ngayinye imvukuzane, i-molecular - in units units of mass. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi lezi zinombolo zifanayo? Izindinganiso ozibonayo etafuleni lezizinto zibalwe ngokomqondo. Uhlobo ngalunye lweama-athomu lungalinganiswa futhi ubukhulu balo bubekwe ezinyunithi ezilula. Ngakho-ke, awuboni i-degree engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa, kodwa izinombolo ezihloniphekile, kaningi ngaphakathi kweyunithi kanye nekhulu. Kunezici ezinzima kakhulu, kepha ngokuvamile azikhulunywanga ezinkingeni zencwadi yesikole.

Uma kungenjalo zonke izinombolo ziseduze

Futhi kuthiwani uma lezinto ziqukethe ama-molecule futhi uyazi ukuthi kuyini? I-mass mass yezinto ezifunwayo ifuna kanjani uma kungekho ubuningi bayo kanye nenani lamakhemikhali kanyekanye ngaphansi kwezimo zenkinga? Kulula, thola uhlobo olunye lwe-athomu (isici) etafuleni uphinde ukwandise izixuku ze-athomu ngenani lama-athomu ku-molecule yezinto ezihlukile. Bese uvele ufingqa - bese uthola inqwaba yamangqamuzana eyobe ihambelana kahle nenqwaba ye-molar. Kumakhemikhali amancane anamuhla, konke sekulungiselelwe kakade - kumfutho owaziwayo wento, inani elifunayo ukubala aliyona inkinga.

Uma uqonda okusemqoka kwe-chemistry, kuzobonakala kulula kakhulu kuwe. Umthwalo oyinhloko wokufunda lesi sayensi ukutadisha nokukhumbula ngekhanda izinto ezithile, kodwa izinqubo ezijwayelekile kanye nezincazelo azikho ndawo. Uma uqonda, uzozijwayeza - ngeke uphelelwe empilweni.