Indlela ukuthatha imithi elwa namagciwane: isincomo udokotela

Ngokushesha noma kamuva, wonke umuntu imithi yokwelashwa emisiwe. Sekuyiminyaka engaba yishumi eyedlule, odokotela bawachaza futhi bangaphandle. Futhi ngisho nalabo "ochwepheshe" abanjalo bavame ukuvuselelwa futhi banikeze imishanguzo engathí sina ngaphandle kobufakazi obukhethekile balokhu futhi ukuze bazikhulule ngomthwalo wemithwalo yokwelapha. Phela, uma i-antibiotic yayingakaqashiwe ngesikhathi, futhi isiguli saba sibi nakakhulu, noma kwavela izinkinga ezinkulu, udokotela uzobe esecaleni. Futhi uma i-antibiotic yayimisiwe (njengoba yaziwa, noma yiyiphi yawo isebenza ngokumelene nenani elikhulu lama-bacteria), khona-ke liye lasiza noma ayizange lisize, ngoba alizange lilingane, futhi mhlawumbe lamukelwa ngokungalungile. Futhi lena indaba ehluke ngokuphelele.

Ungathatha kanjani ama-antibiotics, ungazi bonke. Lokhu akufundiswa esikoleni, akuyona njalo echazwe ngokucacile emiyalweni yomuthi. Futhi ngisho nodokotela abamukelayo emhlanganweni bayavame ukukhuluma ngalokhu kwemithetho elula kodwa ebalulekile ngokuningiliziwe.

Kuyini i-antibiotic

I-antibiotic ingumuthi wezitshalo, izilwane ezincane, isilwane noma isakhi esisodwa, okwenziwa ngemithi ukulawula izinhlobo ezithile zezincane ezincane.

Eqinisweni, ukutholakala kwe-penicillin (i-antibiotic yemvelo) kwezokwelapha kwakhiqize izinguquko zangempela. Isizwe sakwazi ukuphulukisa isifo sofuba, i-streptococcal sepsis, i-meningitis ye-purulent, i-furunculosis, i-diphtheria, i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis, i-pneumonia, i-purulent pleurisy, ikholera, isifo, isifo sofuba nezinye izifo eziningi ezavame ukuholela ekufeni.

Kungenxa yalesi simiso sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukwandisa ukulinganiselwa kokuphila kwabantu abantu abangaba ngu-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemithi, kwakunenqwaba yezidakamizwa ezintsha, ezinamandla nakakhulu nezibalulekile, futhi zonke lezi zinto zatholwa ngokusungulwa kwe-penicillin.

Amaqembu e-antibiotics

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kufanele uthathe kanjani ama-antibiotic kahle nokuthi ngabe wawunqunywe yini kahle udokotela, udinga ukucacisa ukuthi yiliphi iqembu lezidakamizwa abazolibo:

1. Ama-Macrolides. Lolu hlobo lwemithi luyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Ukulungiswa kwaleli qembu kune-bacteriostatic, i-antimicrobial, isenzo sokulwa nokuvuvukala nesigciwane. Bamiswa ku:

• I-brronchitis;
• I-Sinusitis;
• I-pneumonia;
• I-Diphtheria;
• I-Periodonitis;
• I-Toxoplasmosis;
• Ukutheleleka kwama-mycobacterial.

2. Amapenicillin. Ahluke ekukwazi ukumelana nokuvela kwamabhaktheriya kuphela, kodwa nokuvimbela ukukhula nokukhiqiza kwabo. Leli qembu lihlanganisa ama-antibiotics avela ku-Helicobacter pylori (ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani kahle, uxoxe kamuva). Ama-antibiotics weqembu le-penicillin asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ezinjalo:

• I-Sinusitis;
• I-Otitis media;
• I-tonsillitis;
• I-pneumonia;
• I-brronchitis;
• I-Gastritis.

3. Cephalosporins. Bakwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ezincane ezingamelana neqembu le-penicillin lama-antibiotic. Bangakwazi ukubonisana:

• Ngezifo zamathumbu;
• Izifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary;
• Izifo zendlela yokuphefumula.

4. Tetracyclines. Kusetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-bacteria nama-virus amakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kungabangela izinkinga ezinzima (isibindi, ukugula, izilonda zamazinyo). Noma kunjalo, ziyasebenza ekwelapheni izifo ezinjalo:

• I-Furunculosis;
• I-brronchitis;
• Angina;
• I-pneumonia;
• ISyphilis;
• I-Pleurisy;
• Ukushisa;
• Sepsis;
• I-Meningitis;
• I-mastitis;
• Endocarditis / myocarditis;
• Cholecystitis;
• Ibhali;
• Ikholera;
• Salmonellosis;
• I-gonorrhea.

5. Fluoroquinols. Ama-antibiotics wesenzo esikhulu. Ukuphumelela ekwelapheni:

• I-Sinusitis;
• I-Otitis media;
• I-Pharyngitis;
• I-Laryngitis;
• I-Pyelonephritis;
• I-Endometritis;
• I-Cystitis;
• Urethritis;
• I-Prostatitis;
• I-colpitis;
• Cervicitis.

6. Aminoglycosides. Ifomu eliyingozi kakhulu lama-antibiotic, lisetshenziselwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi, uma omunye ukwelashwa kungasizi:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-enterococcal;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa ;
• Isifo sofuba;
• Inhlupho;
• I-Brucellosis;
• I-Tularemia.

Ukuzinza kwezifo ezilwa namagciwane

Kwenzeke ukuthi kusukela ukufika kwama-antibiotic ase-penicillin asetshenziswe yonke indawo (ngisho nasemfuyweni) futhi engalawulwa. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni ama-bacteria amaningi ashintsha, afunda ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, aqina ngokwengeziwe futhi ayeka ukuphendula ezindleleni ezivamile zokwelashwa.

Izimbangela zokumelana nokutheleleka

Izazi zikhomba izizathu ezilandelayo zokumelana nemithi elwa namagciwane:

• Ukwamukelwa kwemithi ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (ngeseluleko somngane, umhlengikazi, isazi samakhemikhali). Indlela yokuthatha ama-antibiotics ngokufanele, kufanele uchaze udokotela oya khona kuphela.
• Ukwelashwa okungaphelele (ukuphazamiseka kwenkambo, ukwelapha okuphindaphindiwe).
• Ukusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwezidakamizwa emfuyweni.
• Ukuguqula izidakamizwa ngaphandle kokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo.

Ukulimala kwama-antibiotics nokuphendula komzimba

Isizukulwane sokuqala kwezidakamizwa ezichazwe sasihlukile. Babe nekhono elimangalisayo lokusebenza kuphela kuma-bacteria angaphandle. Kodwa isikhathi sabo sidlulile, futhi cishe zonke izinhlobo zinezinkinga.

Namhlanje kwezokwelapha ngisebenzisa amalungiselelo amasha ahlanganisiwe, okuyingxenye yawo engekho ukubhujiswa okukhethileyo kwezimbali ezilimaza umzimba, kodwa inani. Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotics angabangela imiphumela emibi:

1. Ukuphendula kwe-allergen.
2. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-microflora yenqubo yesisu (ukukhushulwa kwezilonda, i-dysbiosis, izinkinga ngezihlalo). Kungenxa yabo ukuthi umbuzo uvame ukuvela ngokuthi i-Linex ixhumana kanjani namagciwane. Indlela yokuthatha probiotic efanele, udokotela uzokutshela ekwamukeleni.
3. Ukuthukuthela kwamangqamuzana omuncu we-digestive tract (glossitis, proctitis, stomatitis).
4. Ukuphazanyiswa emsebenzini wesimiso sezinzwa (ukubonwa okubukwayo nokuhlola, ukuphazanyiswa emsebenzini wezingubo zokugqoka).
5. Ukucasuka kwezingqimba zobuchopho (ukuxuba).
6. Ukuvimbela i-hemopoiesis (i-anemia, i-leukopenia).
7. Ukukhubazeka okujwayelekile kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi kanye nentuthuko ngokumelene nalesi sifo sesifo sofuba (thrush).
8. Ukuphazanyiswa kwesibindi nezinso.
9. Lapho ukwelashwa izifo ezithile, ukuthuthukisa okwesikhashana izimpawu (umkhuhlane, ukuqhuma, umkhuhlane) kungenzeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukufa okukhulu kwamabhaktheriya kubangela ubuthi obuyingozi emzimbeni.

Ososayensi base-US bathi baye babonisa ukwanda okuqinile engozini yomdlavuza webele kubantu besifazane ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic njalo.

Ama-antibiotics angcono kumaphilisi noma ukujova?

Ngakho-ke, saqonda ukuthi kufanele sithathe kanjani ama-antibiotics ngendlela efanele, ngoba azikho izinzuzo ezikhethekile kumuthi ngendlela yezijovo. Kungaphetha futhi ukuthi le ndlela yokuphatha i-antibiotic iyadingeka kuphela kwizilungiselelo zesibhedlela kanye nezinkomba ezimbi (isimo esibi sesiguli, ukungakwazi ukugwinya).

Ama-antibiotics kanye ne-candidiasis

Ngokuvamile odokotela kufanele banikeze ezinye izidakamizwa kanye nama-antibiotic. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokusebenzisa kwabo ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinyunyana ezincane ezingenayo ithuba - isikhunta.

Sisazi ukuthi imithi echazweyo ayibulali ngokukhetha kuphela ama-microbes ezilimazayo, ibulala yonke imithi encane ye-microflora yamaphethelo emathunjini. Kulesi simo, ukuphindaphinda okusheshayo kwe-fungus kuvame ukuqala (isibonelo, uhlobo lwe-Candida).

Izidakamizwa ezenziwe ngama-antifungal

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezidakamizwa ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kwefungi:

• I-Polyelenes - esetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukwelashwa kwe-candidiasis ye-membranes emangcwabeni, umuthi wamathumbu kanye nesikhumba. Leli qembu lihlanganisa: "Nystatin", "Levorin", "Amphotericin B", "Nitamycin".
• I-Azols iyasebenza ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-lichen, i-nail ukhunta, isikhumba se-scalp, i-mucosal candidiasis. Kuleli qembu kungukuthi: "ketoconazole", "introconazole", "fluconazole".
• I-Alamlamines - iphumelela ekwelapheni i-dermatomycosis (izifo ze-fungal zezinwele, izipikili, isikhumba, i-lichen). Leli qembu lihlanganisa "Terbinafine".

Ngokuvamile udokotela, kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane, ubeka izidakamizwa ze-antifungal. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu kulabo abagulayo abanomkhuba wokwakha izifo ezifungile. Kanti futhi lo makhelwane ulungele ngokuphelele, uma kudingekile ukubeka imithi yokulwa nemithi yezinyathelo eziningi, ngemuva kokuba konke kungcono kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezintsha kunokuphulukiswa kamuva.

Ngokuvamile ungathola inhlanganisela enjengokuthi "i-Fluconazole" nemithi elwa namagciwane. Ungayithatha kanjani? Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa, i-capsule eyodwa ngaphakathi ngemuva kokudla (mhlawumbe ngobusuku).

Kodwa i-nystatin namuhla njengodokotela bokuvimbela bazama ukungasebenzisi, futhi umbuzo wokuthi kufanele uthathe kanjani "i-Nystatin" ngama-antibiotics, akekho ozophendula. Okwokuqala, libuye i-antibiotic, futhi okwesibili, lesi sidakamizwa sisuke singasebenzi.

Ngendlela efanele ukuthatha i- "Acipol" ngama-antibiotic

Kukhona umbono wokuthi ngaphandle kokwelapha ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ukuze kulungiswe i-microflora emathunjini uma kuthatha ama-antibiotics akakwazi ukwenza. Isibonelo, odokotela bavame ukubeka izidakamizwa ngokuthi "Lineks" kanye nama-antibiotic. Indlela yokuthatha le nhlanganisela yemithi ngokufanele nokuthi yiyiphi, iqiniso, akekho ovame ukuchaza.

Ukukhangisa izilogi zithi ngaphandle kwe-bifidobacteria ewusizo, umzimba awukwazi ukuphuluka ngemva kokuthatha imithi enzima kangaka. Kodwa odokotela emhlabeni jikelele sekuyisikhathi eside beyazi ukuthi iningi lala mithi i-pacifiers ne-placebo. Ngeshwa, noma ngabe ubuza kangakanani ukuthi kufanele ukuthatha kanjani ama-probiotics anemithi elwa namagciwane, umphumela ngeke usaba khona.

Iqiniso lendaba ukuthi iningi lalezi zithako zokudla aziqukethe inani elidingekile lama-bacteria anenzuzo ekoloni emvelweni wamathumbu. Kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, noma ngabe lezi zinhlamvu zamagilisi zinezinombolo ezifanele ze-bifidobacteria, zingeke zikwazi ukudlula imvelo ese-acidic yesisu futhi zivuselele i-microflora.

Ngakho-ke, impendulo efanele kumbuzo, isibonelo, indlela efanele ukuthatha "Bifiform" ngama-antibiotics, akakho nje. Lezi yizidakamizwa ezingenzi ukusebenza abakhiqizi abazama kanzima ukusibeka.

Izincomo zikaDokotela kanye nemithetho yokuthatha ama-antibiotics

Ama-antibiotic angathathwa kuphela ngokusho kwemithi kadokotela. Udokotela kufanele, ngesisekelo sezivivinyo zegazi kanye nomchamo, thola ukuthi yini eyabangela lesi sifo (igciwane noma ibhethri) futhi ibeke ukwelashwa okufanele. Kulokhu:

1. Qaphela ngokuqinile umthamo.
2. Thatha umuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lesi simiso siyiphendule eyinhloko yombuzo, indlela efanele ukuthatha ama-antibiotics kumaphilisi.
3. Funda ngokucophelela imiyalelo. Izidakamizwa eziningi zithathwa emva kokudla, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile.
4. Thatha imithi kuphela ngamanzi ahlanzekile. I-tea, ikhofi, ama-juice, iziphuzo zezithelo, ubisi lunganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza komuthi.
5. Ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo kufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi sokwelashwa.
6. Ukurekhoda kulo lonke ulwazi lwalo lonke ulwazi mayelana nokudla okunye kwemithi elwa namagciwane (imbangela, isikhathi, umthamo, ukugula nokunye ukuphendula okubi). Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezincane, ngoba udokotela, ngaphambi kokuchaza ukuthi kufanele uthathe kanjani ama-antibiotic ngendlela efanele ezinganeni, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini isiguli esiphelile kakade. Le ndlela isiza ukukhetha ukwelashwa okulungile ngangokunokwenzeka.
7. Buza udokotela ukuthi anikeze ukudluliselwa emkhakheni webhaktheriya. Le ndlela yokuphenya ikuvumela ukukhomba umuthi ongase ukwazi ukubulala wonke ama-pathogens.
8. Ungamthandi udokotela ngaphandle kwesizathu sokumisela i-antibiotic. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinamandla kuzosheshisa ukutakula, kodwa akunjalo.
9. Esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi kufanele uthathe kanjani "Linex" ngokufanele uma uthatha ama-antibiotics, usekela umzimba wakho ngokwakho. I-Kefir ne-yogurt bangabangane bangempela emzimbeni wakho.
10. Landela ukudla. Ama-antibiotics ahlukumeza kakhulu izivikelo zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwazi ukuphumula masinyane, balahle usawoti, u-oily, ubumnandi, uphefumule, uthosiwe, udla okusemathinini. Yidla kaningi futhi ngezingxenye ezincane, engeza ekudleni kwakho okungeziwe kokudla kwezithelo nemifino, imikhiqizo yobisi omuncu.

Ungashintshi isidakamizwa ngeseluleko somuntu wemithi noma umngane!