Proxima Centauri. dwarfs Red. Uhlelo Alpha Centauri

Proxima Centauri - isihlabani eliseduze Earth. Igama ethola kusukela lesiLatin elithi proxima, okusho "ngokushesha". ibanga lalo weLanga kuyinto 4,22 iminyaka ukukhanya. Nokho, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lenkanyezi eduze nathi kuka elangeni, ingabonakala kuphela ngokusebenzisa isibonakude. Kuyinto encane ukuze ukhona ayikaziwa kuze 1915. Star phayona Robert Innes, oyisazi sezinkanyezi waseScotland.

Uhlelo inkanyezi, Alpha Centauri

Proxima kuyingxenye uhlelo Alpha Centauri. Ngaphezu it, futhi kuhlanganisa ngaphezulu izinkanyezi ezimbili: Alpha Centauri A no-Alpha Centauri B. Ziyakwazi licace okuningi futhi Proxima esikufezile. Ngakho, bhá e umlaza inkanyezi A, kuyinto at ibanga 4,33 light-years ukusuka elangeni. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Rigel Centaurus, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "Unyawo we Centaur." Le nkanyezi Kuthi efana ilanga lethu. Mhlawumbe ngenxa ukukhanya yayo. Ngokungafani Proxima Centauri, liye owaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ebonakala kakhulu esibhakabhakeni ebusuku.

Alpha Centauri B akulona wawungaphansi "dade" Ekukhanyeni okukhulu. Ngokubambisana - ukuvala uhlelo kanambambili. Proxima Centauri ikude ngokwanele kude nawo. Phakathi izinkanyezi - ibanga eliyizinkulungwane ezingamatshumi nantathu amayunithi yezinkanyezi (lokhu nakude kunamazwi eLangeni ukuze iplanethi Neptune e amaningi njengoba kane!).

Zonke Centauri inkanyezi uhlelo azungeza emzileni yabo evamile obungakahleleki. Proxima kuphela ihamba kakhulu kancane ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa wakhe kuthatha izigidi zeminyaka. Ngakho-ke, inkanyezi kuyoba isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuba esiseduzane Earth.

encane kakhulu

Inkanyezi Proxima Centauri akuyona kuphela abaseduze ezinkanyezi kithi, kodwa futhi uye kulencane kakhulu. isisindo salo sikhulu lincane kangangokuba ngokulambisa eyanele ukuze bondle izinqubo kumiswa ane-helium hydrogen ezidingekile khona. Inkanyezi ukukhanya omncane. Proxima kuba lula kakhulu kwelanga endaweni ethile kasikhombisa. Futhi ubuso bayo izinga lokushisa komzimba lingaphansi kakhulu, "kuphela" degrees ayizinkulungwane ezintathu. Proxima Ukugqama unika Sun eziyikhulu namashumi amahlanu izikhathi.

obomvu dwarfs

Little inkanyezi Proxima libhekisela Spectral ekilasini M nge luminosity aphansi kakhulu. dwarfs abomvu - baziwa nemizimba yasezulwini kuleli kilasi ezaziwayo. Izinkanyezi ngongqimba encane - izinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Ukwakheka kwazo ngokwama-yangaphakathi Kuthi efana isakhiwo amaplanethi amakhulukazi ezifana Jupiter. Ingqikithi dwarfs obomvu lisasesimweni angavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukusikisela ukuthi iplanethi, okuyinto zitholakala eduze lezi zinkanyezi, angase afanelekele ukuphila.

dwarfs Red zinde kakhulu, isikhathi eside kakhulu kunalokho okwashiywa yinoma imuphi inkanyezi. Bayephuza kakhulu nokuguquguquka. Noma yimuphi ukusabela zenuzi ngaphakathi kubo uqale ukuba kugeleze kuphela eminyakeni ayizigidi zezinkulungwane ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa. Isikhathi sempilo oyisichwe abomvu angaphezu kuka khona indawo yonke! Ngakho, esikhathini esizayo akude, lapho uyaphuma hhayi inkanyezi eyodwa efana Sun, yemifino obomvu Proxima Centauri yikho konke kukhanye zibuthuntu kakhulu ebumnyameni isikhala.

Ngokuvamile, dwarfs abomvu - izinkanyezi ezivamile emthaleni wethu. Over 80% wabo bonke izidumbu lezinkanyezi ye-Milky Way phezulu ngazo. Futhi nakhu Indida: awabonakali ngokuphelele! I nqunu iso ngeke uphawule phi of them.

nesilinganiso

Kuze kube manje, ikhono ukukala ngokunembile ubukhulu lezi zinkanyezi encane efana dwarfs obomvu kwakumane akwenzekanga ngenxa luminosity yabo ongaphakeme. Kodwa namuhla le inkinga isixazululekile ngokusebenzisa ekhethekile VLT-interferometer (VLT - segama Telescope Okukhulu kakhulu). Le divayisi, ezisebenza ngesisekelo izibonakude imitha-8.2 ezimbili enkulu VLT, elise Paranal Astronomical Observatory (ESO). Lezi isibonakude ezimbili ezinkulu, ukude nomunye 102,4 amamitha, ulinganise zasemkhathini ngobuciko enjalo, okuyinto umane ngeke ngikwazi ukukhokhela kwamanye amadivayisi. Kusukela Geneva Observatory, izazi zezinkanyezi okokuqala ithole izilinganiso zobukhulu ngqo inkanyezi encane.

iyashintsha Centauri

Ukuze lingakanani Proxima Centauri elisemngceleni phakathi izinkanyezi zangempela, amaplanethi oyisichwe ensundu. Noma kunjalo, inkanyezi. Ungqimba futhi ububanzi bayo bakha isisindo wesikhombisa, kanye ububanzi ilanga ngokulandelana. Inkanyezi omkhulu ezingaphezu kuka iplanethi i-Jupiter, izikhathi, anamanci mahlanu, kodwa ukala eyodwa nengxenye izikhathi kancane. Uma Proxima Centauri kuhlaziywe ngisho kancane, kwakungeke nje alikwazanga inkanyezi: bekungeke kube hydrogen okwanele elingaphakathi yayo, ukuze ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana zokukhanya. Kulokhu, kwakuyoba evamile yemifino esinsundu (t. E. efile), hhayi inkanyezi yangempela.

Proxima ngokwayo - kakhulu dim nendikimba ethile esemkhathini. Ngokuvamile likhanya ngendlela efanayo ifinyelela hhayi ningi than 11M. Bright yena ironed kuphela ezithombeni ezithwetshulwe izibonakude ezinkulu, ezifana, isibonelo, "i-Hubble". Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi, nezinkanyezi kukhanya kakhulu futhi kakhulu ngcono. Ososayensi ukuchaza lokhu ngenxa yokuthi Proxima Centauri utfolakala kuluhlobo okuthiwa oluyingozi, noma ukuvuleka, izinkanyezi. Loku kubangelwa ukuqhuma kobudlova phezu ukuthi kuwumphumela zeziyaluyalu Ukubika Inkinga YeWindows izinqubo. Ziyakwazi kancane ezifana nalezo ezenzeka phezu kwelanga, kuphela okuningi namandla, okuyinto ngisho kuholela ushintsho ukukhanya izinkanyezi.

Namanje nje izinyane

Lezi zinqubo enobudlova futhi igqamuka basikisela ukuthi ukusabela yenuzi ezenzeka ekujuleni Proxima Centauri, ayikahlanganiswa uhlaliseke. Okutholwe ososayensi: kusenzima inkanyezi esemancane ngezindinganiso yonke. Nakuba iminyaka yakhe yobudala ifaniswe engu kwelanga lethu. Nokho, Proxima - oyisichwe obomvu, ngakho-ke abakwazi ngisho ongaqhathaniswa. Eqinisweni, njengabanye "abafowethu elibomvu", kuyoba kancane kakhulu futhi ukonga ashise fuel zazo zenuzi ezibekiwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze kukhanye isikhathi eside kakhulu - eside kunamasonto angaba amakhulu amathathu izikhathi kuka yendawo yonke! Kuyini ngempela kukhona ukukhuluma mayelana ilanga ...

Abalobi abaningi eqanjiwe bakholelwa ukuthi Proxima Centauri - ofanele kakhulu ukuhlola umkhathi kanye adventure inkanyezi. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi efihla yonke le planethi, lapho ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana wena nakwezinye izizwe. Mhlawumbe kunjalo, kodwa lokho kumane nje ibanga kusuka Earth Proxima Centauri - ukukhanya-iminyaka engaphezu kwemine ayichitha. Ngakho nakuba yena eseduze, kodwa namanje okude.