Human wokugaya ukudla uhlelo: lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti (isithombe)

I isici esiyinhloko sokulawula somzimba wokugaya ukudla of umuntu, isakhiwo kanye nemisebenzi okuyinto ezibhekwa sihloko ezithakazelisayo kakhulu. Empeleni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngokuthe ngqó ukuthi ukuthatha indawo emzimbeni wethu izinqubo ezithile. Ukugaya iyathinteka. Lena inqubo ebalulekile. Futhi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi kufanele akutshele kabanzi.

amagama

Okokuqala, ake unike incazelo inkulumo ethi "abantu wokugaya ukudla." Sakhiwo umsebenzi uzobe babonelelwe. Kuyinto inhlanganisela wokugaya ukudla. Bonke ahlinzeke umzimba ne amavithamini ahlukahlukene, izinto (ngamanye amazwi, "emabhuloki ekwakha") kanye namandla. Konke lokhu kubalulekile ukuba khona ngokuphelele. Ngisho ngezithukuthuku ezicutshini futhi maseli elibuyiselwe olusha. Le nqubo kwenzeka sonke isikhathi, njengoba konke okungenhla enqubeni zokuphila libhujiswa.

ukugaya Ngokusobala kuyinqubo lapho ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali futhi mechanical ukudla. Zonke ngokufaka izidakamizwa lomzimba ihlukaniswe ibe izingxenye zazo, ezinye zazo sidlula alimentary umsele odongeni, kanti bonke abanye kulo mjikelezo liphuphe.

isibindi

Lena ingxenye ekhethekile kakhulu iziphathimandla. Ubude ingqikithi isiteshi cishe 8-10 ngamamitha! Le ngxenye isitho ihlanganisa abantu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo. Sakhiwo umsebenzi isiteshi Ubuye ekhethekile.

ingxenye yayo yokuqala - emlonyeni. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi. I ingaphakathi siqukethe le salivary nezindlala, ulimi namazinyo. Kulapho ukudla uchotshoziwe. Futhi, ngenxa receptor ngokolimi Umuntu uzizwa ukunambitheka kanye lokushisa ukudla washisa noma isiphuzo. Ngenxa ulimi kanye ngamathe ayakha lokho okuthiwa nezixhobo ukudla, abese ethunyelwe emphinjeni. Lokhu, umzimba uphondo emise, okuyinto yokuxhuma isici phakathi emphinjeni futhi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Throat kusiza ibenze ukudla, kodwa kuziwa ezingeni reflex.

Emphinjeni sihlanganisa isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Sakhiwo umsebenzi salo ucace kakhulu. Emphinjeni kuyinto eside 25-cm tube, engxenyeni engenhla ka esakhiwa striated kwemisipha izicubu. I ephansi - kusukela bushelelezi. Futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, emphinjeni - lena indawo lapho ukudla kusetshenzwe kuya esiswini.

ukudla cleavage

Lawa yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu okuyinto abantu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo. Imisebenzi kufanele ezifanele. Esiswini kuyingxenye enwetshiwe kwesiteshi wathi. Iqukethe nezindlala ezikhiqiza juice esiswini. Ukhuthaza ikhefu okusheshayo phansi ukudla. Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko esiswini - ekugayeni ukudla. Kodwa akugcini lapho zonke izitho ohlanganisa abantu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo.

Umsebenzi kusiza ukudla ukugaya futhi enze isibindi. Futhi okwamanje kwamanyikwe. Kuyinto kwesibindi ukhiqiza Bile, kusiza ekugayeni ukudla. A amanyikwe ama-enzyme akhethekile futhi "usizo" Bile. Isiza ukuhlukaniswa carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni.

Isigaba sokugcina sesicelo sohlelo wokugaya ukudla

Futhi ekugcineni, amathumbu. Ngaphandle kokuthi kube khona lesi simiso sabantu wokugaya ukudla. Sakhiwo umsebenzi (izithombe ethulwa esihlokweni) kubuye ikakhulukazi wamathumbu. Okokuqala, nobude bawo cishe 4 amamitha. Okwesibili, emathunjini (noma ngaphezulu ngokunembile, in the 12-duodenum) kuvula Amapayipi gallbladder. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zikhona amathumbu ezincane nezinkulu. Eyokuqala yalezi ingxenye omude kunayo yonke wokugaya ukudla. Ithumbu elincane ine villi, futhi ngabo wenza ukumuncwa kwezakhi. isikhwehlela abajonqile eba ekhethekile. Ngenxa fibre wakhe okuhlukene.

Toast amathumbu uphela we ingemuva. Waqeda le ingquza. Ngalo futhi ususa kusukela umzimba undigested ukudla ezisalayo.

imisebenzi

Baningi izinqubo ezibalulekile yenza abantu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo. Lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti splanchnology ngoba sonke isikhathi ukhona isivele wafunda kwezinye imininingwane. Lokhu isayensi, ngokunembile, ezikhethekile kule nsimu, ososayensi bakwazile hhayi kuphela ukunikeza incazelo enemininingwane kohlelo, kodwa futhi nokuba akuhlele imigomo ethize. Endaweni ehlukile, kuyafaneleka, njengoba kwanqunywa ukuba igama umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla.

Ngakho, womathathu. Eyokuqala - motor-manual. Njengoba kungenziwa ukuyichaza, kwakusho ukugaya ukunyakaza okwalandela ukudla. Eyesibili umsebenzi - secretory. Zonke izitho ezakha uhlelo, ukukhiqiza ama-enzyme ayo kanye Bile - konke sithuthukisa futhi uqhuba ngejubane ukucutshungulwa ukudla. Futhi ekugcineni, yesithathu - ukuncela. Ukudla sidlula isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene, ezidabula futhi izakhi ewusizo okumunyethwe kuwo (amaminerali, amavithamini, amaphrotheni, njll ...), - faka ekusakazeni igazi.

enzyme

Kule ndaba ukunakwa kufanele lola. Isimiso somuntu sokujikeleza wokugaya ukudla (umsebenzi, isakhiwo okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla) - lokhu siyingxenye iyinkimbinkimbi futhi enezici ilungu elithile lomzimba wethu. Ngaphambili, u it okukhulunywa odlulayo abaqukethwe enzyme ezithinta ukugaya ukudla. Manje asikhulume ngalezi izinto ezingaphezu bese uzibhala zonke.

I uhlaba Amylase le glycogen kanye isitashi, kwakhiwa okuyinto kusukela maltose. Yena, icutshungulwe maltase. Futhi ekupheleni molecule ezimbili glucose etholakala. Lezi enzyme basonta ngamathe.

Ezemfundo izinto ezibalulekile enzyme

Pepsin futhi chymosin eziqukethwe esiswini. amaprotheni kugaywe, okwathi ngemva kwalokho peptides kwakhiwa. Kwamanyikwe iqukethe trypsin, ekucubunguleni lezi peptides efanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-amino acid etholakala. Amylase futhi lipase ahlahlele amafutha kanye isitashi.

Esinyeni nenyongo futhi isibindi iqukethe nosawoti, okuyinto ocushiwe ngenxa ama-enzyme, kanye emulsified amafutha. Futhi ekugcineni, amagama ambalwa kufanele ishiwo enzyme emathunjini amancane. Ziyakwazi kukhona okuningi: maltase, lactase, phosphatase, sucrase ... Bona uhlukanise eziningi izinto ezahlukene, okuphumela ekwakhiweni izakhi ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ukuze umzimba. Lokhu-glucose, fructose kanye phosphate khulula.

bungaba yinkinga yempilo

Lona isihloko sokugcina enyuselwe ezulwini, ukhuluma ngalokho ngumuntu wokugaya ukudla uhlelo. Anatomy - isayensi, okuyinto bahlola ngokuningiliziwe umzimba womuntu ngokucacile yayo. Futhi ososayensi abangamalungu ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha, sokweluleka bonke abantu ukuze kuqashwe impilo yabo. Uhlelo kokudla nako edinga ukunakekelwa, ngoba lisebenza ngokuqhubekayo.

Kungcono ukuyeka ukubhema. Izinkulungwane ubuthi chemical emzimbeni, Cheb abangele isisu ukucasuka. Kule ndaba, kungase ukuthuthukisa kolwelwesi, isilungulela kanye nezilonda.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuba kube novalo. Lapho umuntu ubhekene nokucindezeleka, ipheshana wokugaya ukudla sekuqala ukuphela kancane. Ngenxa yalokho - ukungakuthandi ukudla, lomzimba ayisekho uthole nezakhi ezibalulekile namavithamini.

Utshwala - ngisho lapha ayinamazwana kungukuthi ezidingekayo. Isibindi, amanyikwe, izinso - konke eMpumalanga. Futhi siyehla umzimba. Into efanayo yenzeka ngenxa nokudayisa ukudla okungabizi. Lena ukudla okungenampilo kakhulu ukuthi sisondela ngokungenakuvinjelwa ebhubhisa ipheshana lethu elithi emathunjini.

ukuphila umzimba, kakhulu ukudla okusheshayo ukumuncwa, ukugwinya izingcezu yonke imikhiqizo eyingozi ukuthi musa anamavithamini kanye fibre, futhi okunamafutha, okunosawoti, okubabayo, kushisa, noma ukudla abandayo kakhulu - konke lokhu futhi kubathinta kabi isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Futhi uma akunakwenzeka ukukulandelela njengoba kufanele, kufanele okungenani alethe ukudla okunempilo ekudleni kwakho. Izithelo, imikhiqizo yobisi, lamanzi esiphethu, imifino - konke lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa microflora emathunjini bese umzimba. Futhi-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo kanye izitsha zihlanzekile. Ukuhlanzeka kubaluleke kakhulu.