Praxiteles lo umqophi yaseGrisi yasendulo nangemisebenzi yakhe

Praxiteles - umqophi wemifanekiso, owaphila sikhathi yaseGrisi yasendulo. I umqophi abadumile kudlula kulethe art tincenye tesakhiwo senkondlo, uye waphumelela ekwenzeni ngendlela saphezulu. Kukholakala ukuthi wayengumuntu owayengowokuqala badumise imisebenzi yakhe zemabula, ubuhle umzimba nqunu. Abacwaningi shayela master "umculi zesifazane ubuhle." Yini enye eningayenza usitshele ngaye nangemisebenzi yakhe?

I umqophi lasendulo ngesiGreki Praxiteles: inothi oluchaza

Ngeshwa, ulwazi mayelana lo muntu abanamakhono wahlala encane. Praxiteles - umqophi wemifanekiso, Wazalelwa e-Athene. Izazimlando ziye ayiphethwe ukusungula babelwazi usuku oluqondile lokuzalwa kwakhe, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi wazalwa cishe ngo-390 BC. Ukukhuluma yakamuva ye wizadi, izinsuku kusuka 334 BC, sihlobana umsebenzi wakhe e-Efesu.

Praxiteles - umbazi, ngokuba umphefumulo wayo waba nesikhathi ukudala imisebenzi mayelana 70, uma wencike ulwazi emithonjeni lasendulo futhi ephakathi. Nokho, abacwaningi bakwazi ngokuqiniseka ambize nombhali kuphela ingxenye encane kubo.

umndeni

Yini ngomkhaya ngale ndoda ephawulekayo laziwe? Ekubunjweni zethusi eziqoshiwe, ukusebenza nge zemabula, wafunda e-workshop kayise - the umqophi Athene Kefisodota. Kuhle kokusho ukuthi ubaba ngeke ukhishwa udumo wathola indodana futhi abafundi. I ovelele kakhulu indalo yakhe - esiveza zethusi esibonisa unkulunkulukazi Eyrenu ephethe ingane.

Futhi Praxiteles wayenamadodana amabili - Kefisodot futhi Timarchus. Kuyaziwa ukuthi baya ezinyathelweni zikayise, kodwa abazange bazame ncamashi ukukopisha isitayela sakhe engafani eyaziswa ngokuthi. Ngokwesibonelo, Kefisodot impumelelo kule uhlobo portrait ebaziwe, wadala nesithome eyiqaphuqaphu abadumile Lycurgus.

love story

Praxiteles - umqophi wemifanekiso, owayeneminyaka iminyaka eminingi uthando nge amahle hetero Phryne. Ezinye izazi-mlando zithi le izici owesifazane kwathi lapho umuntu edlula, udala esifanekisweni enhle lonkulunkulukazi. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi le nkosazana lathatha him uma he abasebenza yakhe edumile unkulunkulukazi ubuhle Aphrodite ka eKinidu.

Akwaziwa portrait sithombe bese ezimbili Thais, hhayi wehlele izinsuku zethu, lelo.

art Izici

Yiziphi izihloko ezwakala touch emisebenzini yakhe genius Praxiteles? I umqophi wemifanekiso, ogama biography is okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko, wayithanda ukudala izithombe zonkulunkulu nonkulunkulukazi. Futhi ukugcina ulwazi mayelana nemisebenzi, esibonisa maenads, Nymphs, caryatids, nokunye. abafayo kwakufanele kuye sithakazelo kancane.

Praxiteles amakhono bayahlonishwa besikhathi sakhe nenzalo, abalobi basendulo umqophi iqhathaniswa nezinye abaculi oluvelele kwenkathi, isibonelo, nge Poliklet, Phidias. Ikakhulukazi a baxgeki bangisekela waphawula ikhono yakhe ukuba idlulisele ubuhle umzimba womuntu.

enhle yobuhle

Kube Praxiteles futhi enhle sakhe ngenxa yobuhle, ethanda ukuba udumise ubuhle intsha, okuyinto namanje elingenalo uthando nesinamawala. UMbazi akuvamile wasebenza izingoma ezinkulu, wakhetha ukugxila ukumodeliswa yezithombe ngabanye. UMbazi neze wagcizelela imisipha yomzimba, wakhetha ukugxila ngesisa.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Praxiteles - umqophi yaseGrisi yasendulo owaqala nesibindi ukudala isithombe egijima enqunu Aphrodite. Yiqiniso, kule master wawa emangalelwa nasizotha, kodwa akazange unake kubo. Eros yakhe futhi ukubhinqa, zibancishe imisipha yaphenduka Ungadliwa, uthambekela intsha melancholy. ubuso bakhe ukuba abe nesisa saint nokuzola.

I ebaziwe edume kakhulu

Yini umsebenzi waziwa kakhulu kulezo wadala Praxiteles abanamakhono? Umqophi wemifanekiso, Biography iDemo kuchazwa kulesi sihloko - umbhali umsebenzi, esibonisa unkulunkulu Hermes kanye Infant Dionysus. Kukholakala ukuthi lona umsebenzi kuphela umqophi wemifanekiso, abeza kithi yokuqala. I ebaziwe kwatholakala phakathi kumbiwa, eyayiqhutshwa Olympia ngo-1877. Nokho, abanye abacwaningi abathi ngokwezinga basakholelwa ukuthi esifanekisweni limelela kuphela lokuqala ekilasini ukusebenza isifaniselo umdali, kuyilapho original lulahlekile irretrievably.

I ebaziwe idalwe kusukela zemabula, ke okubonisa sikankulunkulu uHermesi, encike isiqu esihlahleni. Esandleni sayo sokunene kuyinto samagrebhisi, lapho isibambo ukudansela isiginci sakhe usana Dionysus. Ngeshwa, Hermes ibhulashi ingalo is engafakwanga. " Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi kule ngxenye laqedwa cishe iminyaka engu-40 yekhulu lesine BC.

Yini kahle hle ngakho okuhle kwalesi sithombe? Umsebenzi ugcwele amandla angaphakathi, okuyinto ugcizelela isimo ekhululekile hero. Lemukelekako enhle ubuso uNkulunkulu wanika umqophi ingokomoya nesisa. Praxiteles skilfully ukusebenzisa siyafiliza chiaroscuro, kuqhakambisa ukubona izimpawu ezifihlekile zesimo ukuthungwa. Wakwazi ukugcizelela yezikhulu futhi ngamandla bambiza ngokuthi uHermesi, imisipha yakhe nezimo. Ungase futhi uqaphele emehlweni ocwebezelayo esifanekisweni.

satyr abasha

Njengoba kakade kushiwo, ubuhle avulekile zobusha - ngesihloko ukuthi kwaba babathanda kakhulu umdali omkhulu Praxiteles. Umqophi wemifanekiso, izithombe imisebenzi kungabonakala kulesi sihloko, uye wadala imisebenzi eminingi, ezibabaza ubuhle kwentsha. I ebaziwe "Ukuphumula Satyr" ungomunye wabo. Lo msebenzi, ngeshwa engakaze ezigcinwe yokuqala, kodwa kwakukhona isifaniselo ozilindele okwaqala emakhulwini eminyaka edlule.

Praxiteles kugcizelela ubuhle a satyr abasha, wasinikeza ukuma ekhululekile. The hero imele, encike isiqu esihlahleni, emzimbeni ebusweni ngokuhambisa umthunzi, sibonga ngalo esifanekisweni kubonakala uyaphila, ezihambayo. Ukufudumala isikhumba ngenxa ukucindezeleka okunzima isikhumba trot aphonswe phezu kwehlombe lakhe. Thina ukubhinqa ukubukeka Ungadliwa, ukumamatheka ezithambile ukudlala ezindebeni zakhe. Esandleni sayo sokunene asiphathele umtshingo, ngakho-ke kubonakala sengathi wayesanda ngikhishwa umdlalo.

Ukuqopha "Satyr Ukuthululela Wine" futhi uyakufanelekela yisho. Kusolwa ukuthi sihlehlela kusukela umsebenzi ekuqaleni we Praxiteles. Esifanekisweni senziwa wethusi ke walondolozwa kuphela ikhophi.

Aphrodite ka eKinidu

Yiqiniso, okungenhla kuchazwe ikude bonke dalo emangalisayo, olwasungulwa Praxiteles (umqophi). Aphrodite ka eKinidu ingenye ovelele imisebenzi yakhe, ukuba khona okuyinto besikhathi zethu zaziwe. Ngeshwa, ngaphakathi asekuqaleni phathi sokudalwa engakaze walondoloza, kodwa abakhe ezweni lanamuhla nethuba zibabaza amakhophi amaningana lo msebenzi ekhaliphile.

Statue kungenziwa ngokuthi eyingqayizivele, ngoba ngaphambi Praxiteles noyedwa umqophi ongazange azivumele wokuveza nonkulunkulukazi nqunu. ebaziwe lakhe uhlobo olufanayo ukubhekisela umlando umsuka Aphrodite - unkulunkulukazi enhle, iphuma Foam kolwandle, ngokuvumelana legend abadumile. Heroine Ezazimzungezile - owesifazane oseneminyaka kakade ngiyilahle izingubo bese uya ukubhukuda.

Umqophi ukwazi kahle ukugcizelela emseni umzimba unkulunkulukazi enhle, lona ezweni ecebile kwangaphakathi. Akumangalisi-Aphrodite yakhe eKinidu ohlwini emifanekisweni evelele kunazo zonke.

Okunye Aphrodite ngu Praxiteles

Kuyaziwa ukuthi umqophi yamaGreki asendulo Praxiteles wakwazi ukwakha eziqoshiwe eziningana unkulunkulukazi u-Aphrodite. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi okokuqala kwenzeka, lapho umqophi ababulawa oda FESPAM. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ke sihlehlela emuva statue Aphrodite ka Arles, okuyinto kungabonwa ku Louvre.

Ayikwazi ukuqala kahle ukuthi Praxiteles Aphrodite wenza ezimbili ezilandelayo. Abacwaningi baye bathola kuphela ukwaziswa enye yalezi imisebenzi wazenza ngethusi. Kude abadumile nakakhulu kwakuyindlala Aphrodite of Cos, ogama image alondolozwe zemali lasendulo. Lokhu unkulunkulukazi wayechazwa abagqoke, izinwele zakhe ezinde phezu kwamahlombe akhe kakhulu. ikhanda sowesifazane ethwele umqhele entanyeni yakhe wawusegunjini umgexo.

unkulunkulukazi u-Arthemisi

unkulunkulukazi Abanesibindi ngokuzingela okuzala futhi wamnaka Praxiteles yakhe ekhaliphile (umqophi). Imisebenzi yakhe ekhazimulisa Arthemisi behlele kithi kuphela ngesimo amakhophi. Ngokwesibonelo, Statue of Huntress, indalo umqophi isikhathi eside kwaba e ingcwele yakhe etholakala kuyi idolobha Antikira. Praxiteles embethe uhlamvu lwakhe ingubo emfushane esandleni sakhe ibekwe ithoshi.

Wehla emlandweni nomunye esifanekisweni lika-Arthemisi, elalihlala endaweni engcwele lonkulunkulukazi, esemgwaqweni e-Athens. Kwatholakala ukuthi lokhu ebaziwe yadalwa 345 BC. Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi u-Arthemisi wabase Gabii, okuyinto igcinwe Louvre, lifana ncamashi lo msebenzi.

Sekuyisikhathi eside u-Arthemisi Okwesithathu ngu Praxiteles gqizisa engcwele Leto. endaweni bawo babeyizimpisi eziqoshiwe, lapho Leto futhi Apollo bekakhona. Ngeshwa, isifaniselo yalo msebenzi abadumile engakaze ezitholakele.

unkulunkulu Apollo

UMdali ezinye ebaziwe abadumile ngaphezulu ubhekwa le Praxiteles abadumile (umqophi)? Imisebenzi yakhe, njengoba sekushiwo, iningi labo futhi behlele kithi kuphela ngesimo amakhophi kakhulu. Akumangazi ukuthi ezimweni eziningi ngubani owabhala umqophi ukubeka abacwaningi ngaphansi uphawu lombuzo. Ake sithi kuyiqiniso ebaziwe, oluveza unkulunkulu Apollo, obulala isibankwa.

Ikhophi okucatshangelwa ukuthi lo msebenzi okwamanje phakathi nemibukiso ye Louvre, ngaphambi kokuba ixazululwe ngesikhathi Villa Borghese, eRome. unkulunkulu Young ukuboniswa basondela, ezakheke iseduze esihlahleni ngomhlaka-okuyinto ukhwela isibankwa. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuleli cala isibankwa elifanekisela Python aphefumula umlilo. Lokhu dragon of zamaGreki, owabulawa lo nkulunkulu, uma ukholwa nganekwane. Lokhu isifaniselo yadalwa ekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka AD, kwenzeka ezinsukwini okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma. Kukhona namakhophi amabili ezinhle lapho kungabonwa e-Art Museum of Cleveland kanye Museum Pio-Clementine.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ebaziwe yasekuqaleni Praksitelis, oluveza unkulunkulu Apollo, senziwa wethusi. Ikhophi efanayo, ukukhiqiza futhi izici original, wadala kusuka zemabula.

Usuku kanye imbangela yokufa kusalokhu Praxiteles imfihlakalo, ababesenethonya ayikwazi ukuxazulula ucwaningo.