"UHermes nomntwana uDionysus." Inganekwane nencazelo yokudweba

U-Ellada - ukuzalwa komkhuba waseNtshonalanga neMpumalanga Yurophu, isayensi, ifilosofi, ubuciko bepulasitiki. Isibonelo salokhu okuyisithombe yisifanekiso se "Hermes neNyana kaDionysus".

Inganekwane yokuzalwa kweHermes

Unkulunkulu uZeyus wayenomphefumulo onomphefumulo. UmkaHera wayemhawukela kakhulu. Lapho ezwa ngolunye udaba lwothando lomyeni wakhe, wanquma ukuziphindisela kuSomele wakhe othandekayo, owayelindele ingane evela kuZeus. Watshela uSeleele ukuba acele ukuthi uZeus afeze isicelo sakhe, afunge isifungo esingenakuqedwa, futhi wabonakala kuye ngobukhulu bonke. Ngesabekayo, wavumelana nesicelo sabathandekayo bakhe. Kusukela emkhanyeni wakhe nasehlotsheni, isigodlo sasivutha, futhi ukuzalwa kukaSemel ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwaqala. UHera wathukuthela lapho ezwa ukuthi, ngokucela kukaZeus, uHermes nomntwana uDionysus Wafika kudadewabo kaSemela, owayebizwa ngokuthi u-Eno, ngakho umntwana wakhula.

Mhlawumbe lo mzuzu wendabuko wawuboniswa ngumdwebi ongumGreki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uHera wayenqaba ukuhlakanipha komyeni wakhe u-Eno. Wakhetha ukubulala umndeni wakhe futhi wakwazi ukuqedela enye yezingane. U-Ino, ebalekela ehlathini, wagijima nomunye indodana yakhe emanzini olwandle. Baba yizilwane zasolwandle. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umsindisi wendodana encane yavela futhi . UHermes kanye nosana lweDionysus basheshe bahambela esigodini saseNisey baya ezinyangeni. Noma mhlawumbe lesi siqephu sezinganekwane sasivezwe nguPraxitel. UDionysus wakhula futhi waba unkulunkulu we-winemaking, izinyathelo ezivunguvungu kanye nombusi wezihlalo ezinamahhashi nemilenze. Izimfanelo zakhe kwakuyi-wreath ye-ivy ne-rod-tiers.

Praxiteles

Kusukela kumdwebi wekhulu lesine BC. E. Praxitel kuze kube manje kufika umsebenzi omncane. Lokho okuthiwa kuthiwa nguye "uHermes nomntwana uDionysus." Mayelana neqiniso lokuthi likhishwe nguPraxitel, siyazi kusukela emsebenzini womlobi wasendulo wesiGreki uPausanias. Abanye abahlaziyi bezobuciko bayangabaza ukuthi umbhali we-sculpture wayenguPraxitel. "UHermes nomntwana uDionysus" kwenziwa ekwamukeleni okungewona okwenziwa yizigaba zakudala. Umdwebi wahlala esikhathini eside esidlule kangangokuthi kunzima ukuvuselela i-biography ngqo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wayehlala e-Athene. Wakhuliswa ngubaba uKefysodot. I-workshop yakhe yayivakashelwe izafilosofi, abaculi, izimbongi.

I-Praxitel yakhula esimweni sezingxabano eziphezulu zokudala ngobuciko. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wayemthanda uFrins omuhle. Ebusheni bakhe uPraxitel udala ngokuphindaphindiwe izithombe ezithinta abesifazane. Okuhle kakhulu, ngezincazelo eziphangazayo, ngu- Aphrodite we-Cnidus. Abahamba ngezinyawo babeya edolobheni laseKnid ukuze bajabulele umsebenzi ophelele. I-original ayizange iphile. Kukhona amakhophi ambalwa kuphela ongayahlulela ukuthi uthando, okwesifazane nokuhleleka kwakungumfanekiso owadalwa uthando oluphefumulelwe.

Eminyakeni yokuvuthwa, ngo-334, uPraxitel wenza umsebenzi oqoshiwe othi "uHermes neNyana kaDionysus." Sizoxoxa ngakho ngezansi. Ngemuva kwakhe, umdwebi washiya esikoleni samakhosi, abathandi bakhe, abathandwayo, abahluleka ukufika ezindaweni ezinjalo ngobuciko bokudala impilo nemifanekiso emihle.

Ukucwaningwa kwabavubukuli baseJalimane

Ngo-1874, umbuso wamaGreki wasayina isivumelwano neJalimane ngokucwaninga okuvubukulo. Esikhathini sabo ngoMeyi 8, 1887, kwatholakala isithombe esenziwe ngobumba obukhulu obumba. Kwabizwa ngokuthi "uHermes ne-Baby Dionysus." Itholakala emanxiweni ethempelini likaHera edolobheni lase-Olympia, okwakuyindawo yokuhlala yase Peloponnese, lapho kwavela khona iMidlalo yama-Olympic futhi yabanjwa.

Ukuthola kuka-Ernst Curtius

Inhlonipho yalokhu kutholakala kungokwesi-E. Curtius. Umdwebo ongu-methrade omude wamamitha amabili, emile emthini ogqoke ingubo, ikhanda eligcinwe kahle, i-trunk, imilenze kanye nezandla zangasese. IHermes, njenganamuhla, yayingenaso isibopho esifanele nengalo yesobunxele. U-Dionysus akanalo ingalo yesokunxele nomunyawo onyawo. Ubuso kanye ne-torso yeHermes imemezela nge-polishing, kuyilapho ngemuva kwayo kulandela isisel futhi i-rasp, ebonisa ukuthi umsebenzi awuphelele. Leli qembu elifanayo lezithombe liyenziwa nge-Paros marble enhle kakhulu. Ima phezu kwesisekelo somcibisholo obomvu, esizungezwe ngamabhuloki amabili e-marble. Lesi sithombe sasingadume kakhulu, ngoba kwakungenakho ikhophi eyodwa.

"Hermes nezingane Dionysus": incazelo

Kubonakala sengathi ukwakhiwa kwesiyingiyingi sikaPraxitel kwakuhloswe ekubonweni kwepulani. Wayengalindelanga ukuthi umbukeli uzoyidlula. Umdwebi wayefuna ukukhombisa ubuhlobo obumnene novumelana. Lesi sithombe esiqinile sisendaweni ekhululekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusekelwa lapho uHermes ehlala khona kuhloswe. Indwangu yakhe elithambile idumisa uDionysus okhanyayo. Kuyinto elula futhi enhle. Wonke umuntu uthola ukuthi uHermesi wayephethe iqoqo lamagilebhisi esandleni sakhe, lapho umntwana elele khona. Ababoshwe nje kuphela ngokuziphatheka ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi futhi okungokomoya: umdlalo omnandi, lapho uHermes ucabangela ukuhamba kwengane. Ukubukeka kukaNkulunkulu kugcwele ukunakekelwa kwethenda. Ubuso bakhe buhle futhi buhle. I-cap yezinwele ezinama-curls, lapho ukukhanya kuchotshoziwe, ushiya ubuso bawo obuphelele buvulekile. Futhi konke ukubukeka, kuhlangene, kugcwele ubuhle. Isilinganiso sezingxenye zezibalo siyavumelana. Uma sicabangela konke okwakhiwa, i-1/3 (A) ingxenye engenhla, lapho iHermes ibamba uDionysus, kanti ingxenye engezansi iya kusuka okhalweni kuze kube sekupheleni kwemilenze (B). Isibalo sikaNkulunkulu singahlukaniswa izingxenye ezingalingani: 1/3 (C) - ikhanda, 2/3 (D) - isifuba sakhe esikhwameni nomntwana ezandleni zakhe. Ingxenye engezansi yokwakheka ibuye ibone lezi zilinganiso: 2/3 (E) ithatha isifuba namathanga, kanti okwesithathu kokugcina (F) yi-shin nezinyawo. Lesi sigaba singalinganisiswa ngalendlela elandelayo: A yokwakheka okwenziwe phezulu nguC + D kumuntu onkulunkulu, B = E + F. Ngaphandle komdwebo, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi encane, kodwa uma ucabanga ngakho, ikhuluma ngobuhle nokuvumelana kwezilinganiso. Ukuqokwa konke "uHermes ne-Baby Dionysus" kunika umhlaba amandla namandla othando.