Pisarev we "Storm". Pisarev esihlokweni esibucayi mayelana "Storm" Ostrovsky

Yini ungenzi sicabange ngalo, uma kabusha funda lokho ngabhala Dmitriy Ivanovich Pisarev mayelana "Storm" Aleksandra Nikolaevicha Ostrovskogo? Mhlawumbe iqiniso lokuthi izincwadi kulandela geniuses ... izincwadi Russian Golden kwekhulu XIX, oqala ukufohla ngamazwe izinkondlo, yi-Maphakathi nekhulu futhi kwenziwe temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yakhe, ukukhonza njenge- "ray yokukhanya" ngoba emphakathini wonke Russian. Yiqiniso, alikhulumi imisebenzi esankondlo Pushkin, Gogol, Ostrovsky.

isithembiso sihloko Civil

Article mayelana "nokuduma" Pisarev iyimpendulo yisakhamuzi eyingqopha ucezu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. Nakuba yabhalwa ngo-1959 ngu-Aleksandrom Nikolaevichem Ostrovskim play ezenzweni ezinhlanu uthatha izincwadi segolide Russian endaweni ekhethekile. Lo msebenzi okukhulu usekhonze njengephayona yisisusa esinamandla ukuqhubeka okwangempela. Ubufakazi balokhu wakhonza njengephayona ebangeni inikezwe play a baxgeki. Ibonisa lokhu bunyenti. Futhi ingxabano ozalwa iqiniso ngempela! Ukuqonda lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi isihloko esithi "Izisusa drama Russian", okuyinto wafaka Pisarev we "Storm" ukubuyekeza, labhalwa impendulo esinye isihloko ubukela i-umhlaziyi abadumile etemibhalo UNikolai Dobrolyubov. Isihloko, okuyinto wagomela Pisarev, ngokuthi elikhanyayo - ". Ray yokukhanya ebumnyameni" Sizama ukunikeza abafundi ukuhlaziya yethu ngenhla umsebenzi Dmitri Pisarev. It linendawo ekhethekile ezincwadini Russian. Ostrovsky kuhlulekile ngokwanele ukuze uqhubeke ngesiRashiya idrama okwangempela esivela Griboyedov "Maye kusukela Wit".

ukungavumelani lasisekelo kanye Dobrolyubov play "Ukuduma"

UDmitry Ivanovich, kwakuwuhlelo connoisseur of imisebenzi Ostrovsky futhi, ngokungangabazeki, ukuqala ukusebenza, ngokujulile bajwayelane Article ovelele umhlaziyi etemibhalo Dobrolyubov, owayemazi ngokuseduze futhi ehlonishwa. Nokho, kusobala, kulandela tikuhlakanipha (okungukuthi - "USocrates yilowo ongumngane wami, kodwa iqiniso wukuthi - eqolo"), Pisarev idrama Ostrovsky "Ukuduma" wabhala Ukubuyekeza yakhe.

Isidingo sokuveza umbonwabo, waqaphela, ngoba wazizwa: ". Isikhathi iqhawe" Dob wazama ukubonisa Katerina Kule isikhundla uDmitry Ivanovich ngokuyinhloko awavumelani, nabanentshisekelo ngempela. Ngakho wabhala isihloko sakhe "Izisusa drama isiRashiya," lapho wagibela ukugxekwa mqondo eyinhloko umsebenzi UNikolai Alexandrovich Dobrolyubova ukuthi Katerina Kabanova kuyinto "ray ukukhanya ebumnyameni."

Kalinov njengesibonelo Russia

Ngokungangabazeki, lesi sihloko bachazela Pisarev we "Storm" imicabango yabo, ngoba siqaphela ngokucacile ukuthi Dobrolyubovym Dana ezinjalo "amnyama" sici esisemthethweni emadolobheni eyodwa County-level, futhi eqinisweni - zonke phakathi Russian kwekhulu XIX. Kalinov - imodeli encane zwe elikhulukazi. It umbono weningi futhi yonke inkambo yokuphila yasedolobheni ilawulwe abantu ababili: umthengisi, izindlela nokunonophala abonakele Savel Prokofitch Wild futhi prude ububanzi Shakespearean, unkosikazi abathengisi Kabanova Marfa Ignatevna (in common - Kabaniha).

Esikhathini 60s kwekhulu elidlule Russia kwaba izwe elikhulu elinabantu ezolimo amane abuye atfutfukiswe njalo. eziqhutshwa Kakade inethiwekhi nojantshi. Ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuba ukubhalwa play Ostrovsky (ngokunembile, kusukela 1861, emva ukusayinwa uMbusi u-Alexander II «Manifesto», yokuqeda serfdom) isibalo sezikhungo sabasebenzi futhi, ngokufanelekile, waqala boom ezimbonini.

Nokho, kuboniswa umoya Ostrovsky sika likhinyabeze we umphakathi wangaphambi kabusha ke ngempela kwakuyiqiniso. Umsebenzi wona wawungemubi ziphoqa, ukuhlupheka ...

Ukuhlobana play imibono

Ukusebenzisa i-agumenti elula, ngolimi olulula ukuze umfundi kudala ukubuyekeza Pisarev we "Storm". Isifinyezo izingcezu ubucwebe yena eveza esihlokweni sakhe ezibucayi ngokwethembeka. Kungaba kanjani ngenye? Phela, izinkinga play - isinkwa. Futhi Ostrovsky benza into enkulu, umsebenzi wakhe ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke othi efuna ukwakha zemiphakathi esikhundleni "umbuso omnyama".

Nokho, abafundi abathandekayo ... Okungukuthi, isandla senhliziyweni ... Can sikubiza namuhla umphakathi wakithi "umbuso ukukhanya, ubuhle kanye intelligence"? Ingabe sikhala wabhala Ostrovsky Kuligina Monologue: "Ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi ngokwethembeka neze kusenze ngaphezulu isinkwa nsuku zonke. Futhi ngalabo abanemali, mnumzane, uzama ukusenza izigqila abampofu, ukuze imali imisebenzi yakhe oludlulele nakakhulu ... njalo njalo '? Umunyu, amazwi nje ...

Katerina - hhayi "ray yokukhanya"

Pisarev ukugxekwa "Storm" iqala ukuhoxiswa kumagama ukungakhathali Dobrolyubova okukhiphayo. Yena ushukumisa ke, usebenzisa ama-agumenti kumbhalo kombhali play. polemic lakhe ngokumelene Nikolay Dobrolyubov ukhumbuza kufinyeta ahlakanitjhiswe isipiliyoni pessimist mayelana iziphetho ukuba nombono omuhle ngezinto. Ngokusho umcabango uDmitry Ivanovich, ngokuyisisekelo Catherine - melancholy, akukho ubuhle bangempela, isici abantu ababizwa "ukukhanya." Ngokusho Pisarev, Dob wenza iphutha ehlelekile ekucubunguleni yesithombe Heroine play. Waqoqa konke nezimfanelo zayo ezinhle e nesithombe esisodwa esihle, indiva amaphutha. Ngokombono uDmitry Ivanovich, buka ezibalulekile dialectical Heroine.

Heroine eyinhloko yokuhlupheka umbuso amnyama

Owesifazane osemusha ehlala nendoda yakhe uTikhon umalokazana wakhe, umthengisi ocebile, kokuba (njengoba besho), "amandla kanzima", okuyinto kungabonakali ugcizelela esihlokweni esibucayi Pisarev. "The Storm", njengoba play esiyinhlekelele, kubangelwe lesi sithombe. Kabaniha (njengoba emgwaqweni igama it) pathologically fixated ku ukucindezelwa zokuziphatha zabanye, Ukuthuka njalo, udla kubo, "abe njengensimbi ukugqwala." Lokhu akwenzayo ku yorabi: .. Lokho njalo yokucela, ekhaya 'ukuhamba ukuze "(noma kunalokho, elandela iziyalezo zawo).

UTikhon nodadewabo uBarbara baye bazivumelanisa izinkulumo kamama. A ikakhulukazi ebucayi ukuze cavils yayo futhi ukuhlazeka indodakazi yakhe, uKatherine. Yena kokuba romantic, sengqondo melancholic, ngempela bangajabuli. amaphupho akhe agqamile amaphupho angenalutho ngokuphelele ingane yalelozwe. Kuyinto cute, kodwa akuyona-mandla obuhle!

Ukungakwazi ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo ngokwako

Ngesikhathi esifanayo umhlaziyi Pisarev we "Storm" ngomqondo ovulekile kubonisa yokungavuthwa futhi impulsivity uCatherine. Ukuthi ushada futhi kungabi ngenxa yothando. wamomotheka kuphela velirechivy Boris G., umshana ka-umthengisi Wild, futhi - uma usuqedile ezisheshayo Kate ku kwakuwukubonana imfihlo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena wajwayelana ke, isimiso, umfokazi, akazange acabange ngemiphumela. "Ingabe umlobi okubonisa" ray elikhanyayo "-?! Ubuza umfundi isihloko ezibucayi Pisarev. "The Storm" amelela uhlamvu kwakungenangqondo kakhulu, zingayazi indlela yokubhekana asigcini nje ngokulalela okushiwoyo izimo, kodwa futhi ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo uqobo. Ngemva ukukhashelwa umyeni wakhe, kokuba ngicindezelekile, ingafana kanjani nengane nangayiphi indlela yilabo ukuduma hysterics lady Loony, uyavuma silingane necala ngokushesha ikhomba nge isisulu. Corny, akunjalo?

On iseluleko uTikhon kanina "kancane", "oda" has. Nokho, iningi ukuxhashazwa nomalokazana kukhona ku-oda eliyinkimbinkimbi. Ngemva Catherine ifunda ukuthi Boris uya Kyakhta (iBaikal), it has futhi intando noma ubunjalo, wanquma ukuzibulala: siphonswa emfuleni, waminza.

Katerina - hhayi "iqhawe kwesikhathi"

Pisarev mayelana "Ukuduma" Ostrovsky Muses philosophically. Uyamangala ukuthi abantu emphakathini nceku ibizwa abanalo nangengqondo profound awunawo intando, hhayi ukuze bazifundise, abaqondi abantu - isimiso, kube wokukhanya ukukhanya. Yebo, lona wesifazane omthintayo abamnene, uhlobo nangobumhlophe benhliziyo, yena akakwazi ukuvikela umbonwabo. ( "Ngizokwenza sinyathele," - uthi Katherine ku Kabaniha). Yebo, enendawo yokudala, nemvelo izwele. Futhi lolu hlobo can ngempela charm (njengoba kwenzeka nge Dobrolyubov). Kodwa leli qiniso ayishintshi ... "Ngeke kwenzeke uma izimo ebekwe umuntu play -" wokukhanya ukukhanya "!" - kusho uDmitry Ivanovich.

Yokuvuthwa komphefumulo - isimo yokuba umuntu omdala

Ngaphezu kwalokho, liqhubeka nomcwaningi, ukuze thela ezinkingeni encane, unqobe ngokugcwele yokuphila - ingabe enhle? Lo mbuzo sobala okunengqondo enikezwa Pisarev mayelana "Ukuduma" Ostrovsky. Ngaphandle kungaba yisibonelo kuzo zonke izizukulwane zabo phetho - ukushintsha inceku Russia, abacindezelwe "princelings" endawo uhlobo Kabanihi futhi Wild? Okuhle kakhulu, lokuzibulala ezinjalo kungabangela ukukhala umphakathi. Nokho, ngenxa ukulwa iqembu zenhlalo yabantu abacebile ezandleni kufanele ugcine nginenhliziyo futhi wafundiswa!

Nanyana kunjalo, ukutshwaya hhayi wokwedelela mayelana Catherine Pisarev. "The Storm", kusho umhlaziyi, akumangalisi njalo iveza isithombe sakhe kusukela ebuntwaneni. Catherine isithombe kulo mqondo kufana isithombe engalibaleki Ili Ilicha Oblomova! Inkinga zobuntu yayo unformed - e eyakhula ngokuphelele ukhululekile kuya enkathini yokuthomba. Abazali abazange ukulungiselela wakhe ukuba umuntu omdala! Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazange imnike imfundo efanele.

Nokho, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi, ngokungafani Ili Ilicha, ukuthola Katerina e indawo esihle kuka Kabanov umndeni, kungaba kungenzeka kwenzeka ngempela, njengoba umuntu. Ostrovsky lokhu inikeza isisekelo ...

Uyini isithombe omuhle umlingisi lomcoka

Lokhu ubuqotho kwezobuciko, umfanekiso omuhle - isitshela indaba Catherine Pisarev. "The Storm" ngokufunda kwakhe kuholela umfundi ukuqaphela ukuthi umlingiswa oyinhloko ayilahlekelwa langaphakathi ngokomzwelo icala nobuntu ubuntu zokudala. ezingaba wakhe semvelo sawo isimo sengqondo esiqondile ukuba ngokoqobo. Yena intuitively azizwa isidingo umphakathi ezinkulu Russian - nenkululeko yomuntu. Uneziqu amandla esicashile (okuyinto uzizwa, kodwa akazange ufunde ukusilawula). Ngakho-ke lokhu, ngaze ngakhala Katya mazwi: "Kungani abantu - hhayi izinyoni?". Umbhali akusho ngephutha wakhulelwa ukuqhathanisa okunjalo, ngoba Heroine unganakile ufuna inkululeko, elifana ukuthi azizwa le nyoni indiza. Umzabalazo inkululeko okuyiwona awunazo amandla engqondo ...

isiphetho

Yiziphi iziphetho ifingqa sihloko yakhe Pisarev "Izisusa drama Russian"? "The Storm" okubonisa hhayi "iqhawe isikhathi", hhayi "ray yokukhanya". Lesi sithombe buthaka okuningi, kodwa hhayi ubuciko (lapha nje kulungile), kodwa umphefumulo ukuvuthwa. Ngeke "isikhathi iqhawe," "zephuke" njengoba ubuntu. Phela, abantu ababizwa "imisebe yokukhanya", ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukubulala kuka zonke ukugqashula kuyo. Futhi Katerina - ababuthakathaka ...

Kukhona zombili baxgeki kanye isiqondiso jikelele mcabango: i-athikili mayelana "Storm" Pisarev, efana sihloko Dobrolyubova ngokulinganayo aphathe igama play. Lokhu - hhayi nje mkhuba asemkhathini, uyesaba ukuthi ukufa uCatherine. Kunalokho, imayelana ukungqubuzana yezenhlalakahle wamuka umphakathi uncivil, buphikisana izidingo nentuthuko.

Ostrovsky - uhlobo icala. Bobabili ukugxekwa yabonisa, kulandele Aleksandrom Nikolaevichem, abantu - Awunawo amalungelo, angithi amahhala, eqinisweni kuncike "Kabaniha" futhi "zasendle". Kungani Dobrolyubov futhi Pisarev we "Storm" Ubhale ngakho ehlukile.

Isizathu salokhu ngokuqinisekile yomsebenzi, lapho kukhona ezingaphezu kwesisodwa incazelo "phansi" ukujula. It has kanye psychology, kanye nomphakathi. Ngamunye abahlaziyi bemibhalo enkambweni yabo siqu ukubuqonda ehlukile izinto eziza kuqala. Futhi zombili nenye kwenziwa ngethalente nezincwadi Russian bayazuza kuleli kuphela. Ngakho-ke, silly ukuzibuza: 'Pisarev play "Ukuduma" wabhala olunembile noma Dob? ". Ngokungangabazeki, kufanele ufunde zombili izihloko ...