Phenol-formaldehyde resin. Ukulungiswa nokusetshenziswa. izakhiwo

Phenol formaldehyde resin - a resin zokwenziwa kokuba izakhiwo thermosets noma thermosets. inhlaka ezinjalo izinto oligomeric noma uketshezi, etholwe polycondensation we-formaldehyde nge phenol e i osebenzelana esidi noma ane-alikhali (resol, novolac resin noma bakelite). Lokhu okunye kuthinta yokugcina umkhiqizo izakhiwo.

I izakhiwo phenol-formaldehyde inhlaka

Phenol formaldehyde resin (ifomula [-C6H3 (OH) -CH2-] n) has a ukwahlukanisa kagesi okusezingeni eliphezulu, ukugqwala kahle nokusimama lokukhanda. Ngokuphelele oncibilikayo hydrocarbon enamakha aliphatic, ketones futhi kumakhemikhali awuketshezi kampompi ukuxova umuthi wokugoma. Libuye oncibilikayo izixazululo elimboze izindawo ezibandayo kanye nezixazululo aqueous alikhali. Ngemva kokuphulukisa inhlaka phenol-formaldehyde aguqulwa ku gustosshitye polymers microheterogeneous isakhiwo amorphous.

Lapho resin phenol formaldehyde sisetshenziswa?

- ekukhiqizeni amapulasitiki: resin lukhuni ngokuthi resite, eqina uwoyela ebukhoneni acid sulphonic - karbolit, ebukhoneni acidosis acid - neoleykoritami;

- ekukhiqizeni varnishes, inhlaka, zokwenziwa, amabombo, ukubopha pads, amabhola for amabhiliyade;

- kusukela karbolit (belashwa phenol-formaldehyde resin) oluqanjwe izindlu multimers ezinye nenkambiso yamaSoviet;

- futhi into esetshenziselwa njengendlela yokuhlanganisa ukwenziwa efayiliwe udini aqanjwe fillers ezahlukene (ufulawa izinkuni, ingilazi fibre, cellulose), chipboard futhi fibreboard, ethela kanye bakhulelisa izingoma (i-fibre luphinde izinto nokwelukiweyo for plywood) anamathelayo.

Phenol formaldehyde resin: eyamukelayo kanye nemvelo

Futhi-formaldehyde futhi phenol esetshenziswa enkulu ekwakhekeni inhlaka phenol-formaldehyde, kukhona ezinobuthi kanye oluvuthayo. Formaldehyde resin kunomthelela omubi nomzimba womuntu: izimbangela eczema kanye dermatitis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, formaldehyde Ubuye izakhiwo umdlavuza.  

Bakelite - lukhuni umkhiqizo resin phenol-formaldehyde ebukhoneni kulethe. Lolu daba kubaluleke kakhulu amazinga kahulumeni ahlukahlukene ukuphila komuntu. Bakelite kuyinto umqhubi abampofu ukushisa, kodwa liveza ukumelana okuhle umonakalo mechanical: ukushaqeka, ukushaqeka, kombango noma ingcindezi. Kulula ukusebenza lathe ekhethekile. Kuyinto libe yisivikelo esihle. I buhlanjululwe alikhali, acid namanzi ke asisebenzi, ngaphandle sulfuric kanzulu noma acid nitric. Amelana +300 degrees, kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa omlilo ephakeme.

It ekuqaleni yakhelwe ukuba esikhundleni Shellac - a resin ekhethekile ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo lacquer tropical izinambuzane esikalini.

Phenolics. isicelo

Phenoplast - ngepulasitiki okuyinto etholwe solidification formaldehyde inhlaka at okushisa aphakeme lihambisana iyiphi yamathebhu. Okwamanje, le nto ayidlulwa impahla yayo. Ukusebenzisa phenoplasts zenziwa:

- izidakamizwa senzelwe wesifunda amabhodi ephrintiwe - getinaks;

- into ngokudala izinto kwesakhiwo - PCB;

- izakhi ezishibhile amageyimu ibhodi - Checkers, Domino, chess;

- ezinye izakhi ikhishi izesekeli: izibambo ukuze igesi izitofu, kettles nemimese, amabhodwe namapani;

- Bakelite phenolic glue;

- imikhiqizo kagesi - enethiwekhi, plugs, amamitha kagesi, ukushintshwa, udlulisela, kagesi motor housings, okuhlangana amabhokisi, actuators kazibuthe, njll.;

- izingxenye ubunjiniyela, isib, izinyathelo escalators, ezikhumulweni ehlukahlukene namasumpa;

- imvunulo ubucwebe, izinto eziyizikhumbuzo, izinto zokubhala, eminye imininingwane amahora.