Permittivity

ungqimba polarizability impahla libhekene value ekhethekile, okuthiwa permittivity Kwe-dielectric Heating. Cabanga onjani value.

Ucabange ukuthi umfaniswano ensimini umfutho phakathi amapuleti amabili icala cleaner elilingana E₀. Nyalo-ke gcwalisa yimuphi igebe phakathi Kwe-dielectric Heating. amacala Electric, elizovela emngceleni phakathi Kwe-dielectric Heating kanye umqhubi ngenxa nokwehlukana yayo umphumela kancane neutralized amacala ubeke amapuleti. Amandla umfutho E ensimini iba E₀ kancane.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi uma ugcwalisa igebe phakathi amapuleti ngokulandelana dielectrics alinganayo, umfutho ensimini ngeke ifane. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi ubudlelwano phakathi ukushuba ensimini kagesi amapuleti ngokungabi bikho E₀ Kwe-dielectric Heating kanye no-E e ebukhoneni Kwe-dielectric Heating, kungenzeka ukunquma polarizability, isb njalo yayo Kwe-dielectric Heating. Lokhu ubuningi ngokuvamile yi- ngesiGreki incwadi ԑ (Epsilon). Ngenxa yalokho, singaba ukubhala:

ԑ = E₀ / E.

Permittivity kubonisa ukuthi bangaki izikhathi amandla emkhakheni idatha icala ku yisivikelo (eyohlobo) ukuze abe ngaphansi e vacuo.

Ukwehlisa amandla ukuxhumana phakathi amacala kubangelwa izinqubo nokwehlukana medium. Ngo inkambu kagesi, electron athomu nezinhlayiyana ezincane ziyancipha ngenhlonipho kuma-athomu, futhi kukhona isikhashana dipole. okungukuthi amamolekhuli ukuthi unesikhathi dipole (ikakhulukazi molecule yamanzi), kuthambekele e inkambu kagesi. Lezi zikhathi ukudala siqu ensimini yabo kagesi ukuthi uphikisa ensimini oholele ngokubukeka kwabo. Ngenxa yalokho, inani emkhakheni kagesi kuyehla. Ngo emasimini encane lesi simanga ochazwa umqondo njalo Kwe-dielectric Heating.

Ngezansi permittivity e cleaner izidakamizwa:

Air ................................. 1,0006 ....

Upharafini .............................. .... 2

Plexiglas (Plexiglas) ...... 3-4

Ebonite ................................. .. ... 4

Zobumba ................................. .... 7

Glass .............................. .. ...... .4-7

Mica ................................. .. ... .4-5

Usilika kuyinto engokwemvelo ............ 4-5

Slate .............................. 6-7

Amber .............................. ... ...... 12.8

Amanzi .................................... ... ... .81

Lamagugu izinto permittivity ubheke lokushisa ngaphakathi 18-20 ° C. Ngakho, njalo Kwe-dielectric Heating kwezinto eziqinile kuyahlukahluka kancane nge lokushisa, Okuhlukile ferroelectrics.

Kunalokho, ke kunciphisa igesi ngenxa okwandisa izinga lokushisa nokukhuphula ngenxa ingcindezi enkulu. Ekusebenteni, njalo Kwe-dielectric Heating air sithathwa omunye.

Kube sekususwa ukungcola nengcosana nethonya elitheni endleleni ezingeni eziwuketshezi Kwe-dielectric Heating njalo.

Uma ezimbili ngokungenasizathu iphuzu amacala ezibekwe kule yisivikelo, umfutho ensimini eyenziwe ngamunye amacala endaweni lapho elinye icala incipha izikhathi ԑ. Kule kusobala ukuthi amandla ngawo wonke la macala nihlanganyele, njengoba ezikhathini ԑ kancane. Ngakho-ke, umthetho Coulomb sika ngoba amacala ezibekwe kule Kwe-dielectric Heating enikezwa:

F = (q₁q₂) / (ԑₐr²).

e SI amayunithi :

F = (q₁q₂) / (4πԑₐr²)

lapho F - ungamandla nokuxhumana, q₁ futhi q₂, - ngobungako amacala ԑ - kuba permittivity eliphelele medium, d - ibanga phakathi iphuzu amacala.

Ԑ value kwamanani ingaboniswa amayunithi ngokungenasizathu (isihlobo ukuba inani eliphelele cleaner permittivity ԑ₀). Inani ԑ = ԑₐ / ԑ₀ ebizwa ngokuthi permittivity isihlobo. Lembula kukangaki budlelwane emkhatsini wetincenye icala naphakathi eyohlobo okungenamkhawulo kuyinto ntekenteke esikhaleni nje; ԑ = ԑₐ / ԑ₀ omuhle ngokuvamile obizwa ngokuthi eziyinkimbinkimbi njalo Kwe-dielectric Heating. Ԑ₀ value kwamanani, futhi ubukhulu bayo luncike uhlobo amayunithi kuyakhethwa; futhi ukubaluleka ԑ - ezimele. Ngakho, ohlelweni ԑ₀ ESU = 1 (kule yunithi wesine main); I SI cleaner permittivity uwukubonakaliswa:

ԑ₀ = 1 / (4π˖9˖10⁹) Farad / imitha = 8,85˖10⁻¹² f / m (kulesi simiso ԑ₀ ukubaluleka esuselwe).