Paris uhlelo yemali

Namuhla, kukhona amazwe kungathi izingalo ezingamakhulu amabili. Bonke - izikhonzi emnothweni wezwe. Zonke States, ngaphezu, ayalingana nomunye ngokomthetho.

I zokushintsha zangaphandle emakethe lokuqala lukazwelonke kwamiswa ekhulwini le-19 ngemva izinguquko kwezezimboni. isisekelo yaso monometallism igolide indinganiso Uhlamvu lwegolide. indlela Legal isakhiwo lwemali lokuqala lalibizwa semthethweni engqungqutheleni Paris, isivumelwano phakathi kohulumeni ungene ngemvume 1867. Ngokusho kwakhe, kuphela ngamazwe ifomu baqaphela imali igolide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zagcwaliseka umsebenzi oqondile lemali. Lwemali futhi uhlelo yemali (kokubili global futhi kazwelonke) babe ezifanayo. Nokho, Umehluko, kwaba kuphela yokuthi, abangena emakethe, zemali ezazamukelwa njengoba lokukhokha ngokuhambisana isisindo sabo.

Paris uhlelo yemali abazalwa kwadingeka izimiso eziningana kwesakhiwo.

Okokuqala, base kwaba indinganiso Uhlamvu lwegolide. Okwesibili, lwemali ngamunye kwaba okuqukethwe kwawo. Ngo negolide laso parities babezimisele ngokufanele. Zonke zezimali kukhona Convertible ngokukhululekile ku igolide. Ngakho isicelo njengoba ngokuvamile abantu bayabona imali emhlabeni jikelele. Okwesithathu, Paris uhlelo yemali ngeke zimumethe ukwelashwa of exchange rate, khulula-elintantayo, ikhumbula emakethe nezidingo ngaphakathi amaphuzu igolide. Lapho ukuwela emakethe izinga silinganiso, okweletayo uqhuba yokukhokha igolide.

Paris uhlelo yemali linamathele igolide ukubaluleka esezingeni isenzo control ukukhiqizwa, control indlela of ubudlelwano kwezomnotho angaphandle, ibhalansi izinkokhelo, yemali, izinkokhelo zamazwe ngamazwe. Le ndinganiso yabonisa kahle yayo ehlobene kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, lapho isigwedlo siqhutshwa, kusiza nokulinganisa ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa kanye komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali.

Paris uhlelo yemali ophoqelelwe United ne ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa kusilela, ukuchitha Inqubomgomo deflationary. Kulelizwe thina kuvinjelwe supply zemali in kwegazi ngesikhathi ongaphakeme tide igolide phesheya. Nokho, isibonelo, e-UK, naphezu esitebeleni, "okungamahlalakhona" kusilela e ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa, yenzeka outflow net. Iminyaka ecishe ibe ikhulu kufike lokho kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala thaler Austrian kuphela futhi American dollar ukwehla edalulwa. Kulokhu, lo franc isiFulentshi, kanye sephawundi iphawundi zigcinwe nokuqukethwe kwalo igolide ishintshe kusukela 1815 kuya ku-1914. Ukusebenzisa izinkokhelo zamazwe indima eziseqhulwini sephawundi iphawundi, United Kingdom ngeke buyisela ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa kusilela ngosizo lwemali kazwelonke.

Sici sici yokuthi phakathi ngokunqoba standard igolide izibalo class benziwa ikakhulukazi usebenzisa okusalungiswa. Lezi okusalungiswa zidedeliwe emazingeni kazwelonke, ikakhulu ngesiNgisi, lwemali. Kulokhu, igolide Sekuyisikhathi eside esetshenziswa ukuze ukhokhe nge ibhalansi ongathandeki ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa ngamazwe. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kwaba khona ukuthambekela ukwehla supply imali, kanye namafa asemthethweni lamasheya igolide. Ensimbini eyigugu isibe ngelinye ngumuntu imali bargaining credit. Ukusetshenziswa inqubomgomo deflationary e ukulawulwa izinga lokushintshisana, ukwehlisa amanani futhi kwanda ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi sokucasuka ukunganeliseki nomphakathi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, standard igolide uyekile ukuhlangabezana kohlaka ezikhulayo izibopho kwezomnotho kanye nemibandela emnothweni emakethe. Ukuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwaqondana inhlekelele yama-kohlelo lamazwe omhlaba. Kulokhu, izimali nezindleko lempi Kwenziwa (kanye ukubolekisa, izintela, ukuwa kwamandla emali) ngosizo igolide, ukwenza njenge imali emhlabeni jikelele.