Owathi: "Isinkwa emasekisini" - eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule?

Owathi: "Isinkwa emasekisini"? Satirist Juvenal wahlala cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule kwababekhona ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseRoma. Akazazisi labo, esikhundleni wokunakekela inkululeko yabo, unesithakazelo kuphela ukudla kanye nokuzijabulisa.

Ukuncipha okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma

Lowo wathi: "Isinkwa emasekisini" - wayekholelwa ukuthi plebs futhi patricians eside baphambukile imodeli nobuqhawe yokuziphatha, abanandaba ukuthi izenzo zabo kukhona isigebengu, nje esimweni, nokuziphatha ngokuvamile iDemo obona ngokucacile. Ziyakwazi banelisekile nje impela ukuthi amabutho amaRoma angase akwazi ukuxosha namaqaba kuphela, futhi bengafuni ukuba ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuzolandelwa. Lowo wathi: "Isinkwa emasekisini" - Radel ngobuqotho ezweni labo. ukuthi azibona kusengaphambili wakhe isiphetho esibabayo ukuwohloka ephelele neminyaka engu- 300 ngemva amazwi akhe kanzima ukusho. Akabange esakwazi bheka ngakho phambili. Wamane nomuzwa wokuthi uma ubhekene nesimo esinjena ungenayo into enhle ukulinda izwe. Futhi ekhaya lakhe njengesakhamuzi kweqiniso, wayemthanda.

Ubuntu imbongi-satirist

Imininingwane yombhali ukuphila amazwi mlando bazi okuncane. Wokuphila bathole ukuthi wazalwa edolobheni Aquino, futhi wayengumfundi wesazi mpendulo Quintilian. Lapho ufika ebudaleni, Okuxakayo e satires yakhe echaza umphakathi wesimanje. Rome Rich, okuyinto namanje ngempela siqine, wayengasafuni Conquest futhi ukunwetshwa umbuso. Umbhali liya ekudingisweni eGibithe, ngokuba amazwi hhayi kuphela: "Abantu badinga ukudla isinkwa nokuphuza emasekisini." Owathi lokhu, wabhala satires eziningi, esasibonisa ekuziphatheni komphakathi wesimanje, okuyinto wawenziwa kwatheleka njalo izigqila yokonakala abavelele emphakathini futhi zokungazimiseli ukwenza lutho kule aphansi. Zonke ukuhlangabezana ukuvundiswa ezengeziwe (ukufumbathisa), isinkwa, iwayini namafutha we plebs kanye nenhlangano ngabo mahhala olunegazi Gladiator izimpi nabantu nezilwane zasendle.

Ukuthandwa Inkulumo satirical

Ngesikhathi uNero, igama elithi "isinkwa futhi emasekisini" baba kuyimfuneko kokuhlwithwa esixukwini esithukuthele. Ukuze wakhe, ukuthi kwakungekho ukuhlubuka, wanika ukudla newayini. Khona-ke abantu udakiwe ukuya esekisini futhi enkundleni, reveling ezimpini olunegazi futhi abangenasihe. Kwakumelwe unspiritual ngokuphelele, nenyanyekayo, kodwa umxhwele. uyembulile Iyonke indawo futhi uncouth beyisixuku imizwelo engokwemvelo. Lowo wathi: "Isinkwa emasekisini" - kwakuwubufakazi yokuwa zokuziphatha kuzo zonke izinhlaka zomphakathi.

Ukuhlobana izitatimende namuhla

Inqubomgomo baphikise ngokwemvelo. Ngakho lokhu kusalele kweqiniso ethi: ". Abantu badinga isinkwa futhi emasekisini" Owathi lo musho, wayengazi ukuthi izohlala izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Umbhali wayo, Decius Yuniy Yuvenal, futhi ayikwazanga kuthathwa ngokuthi le nqubo isiqubulo emva kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili ngeke sithathe bese kuyolethwa ku ukuphila njengoba Ukuziphatha inqubomgomo yethu ngokusebenzisa mass kolwazi: amabhayisikobho, ithelevishini, imidlalo ye-computer. Phakathi nayo yonke izakhi ukuthi kuyosenza yentukuthelo abantu disenfranchised khona abampofu. Indoda ifika ekhaya ngivela emsebenzini, Uvula i-TV - futhi sicela iyiphi "ukudla okungokomoya" wawathululela kuzo zonke iziteshi. Ngaphuma, futhi kukhona - zokubukela amabhayisikobho, ugcwele horror kanye amasosha, kukhona strip amaqembu, okuyinto ukuvusa ezimbi kakhulu indoda. Abezombusazwe ku usizo osopolitiki, ngubani uyokhuluma inkulumo enhle, kanye zezomnotho, nge gagasi lokushisekela Unganqikazi ukuchaza ukuthi izinga lokuphila Kancani kancani okwandisa. Futhi abantu amahlaya bahlekise ngayo konke.