Ososayensi baye okokuqala isinqumo ukuhlela genomes of Afrika lasendulo

Ososayensi wanquma lula genomes zabantu ababephila e-Afrika eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule, njengoba lokho kuyosisiza ukuba asikhanyisele imisuka yethu.

Mayelana ekuqaleni cwaningo umemezele ngesonto eledlule emhlanganweni waminyaka yonke we Society for Yamamolekhula futhi Evolution. Abacwaningi bahlola genomes zabantu 15 lasendulo owaphila eminyakeni engaba ngu-6000 edlule asempumalanga naseningizimu ye-Afrika.

Lokungcolisa genetic Afrika lasendulo

Njengoba wazi, Afrika iyindawo lapho abantu baqala ukusakaza emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni engaba ngu-50,000 edlule. Njengoba kuboniswa Science kule ndawo, abantu futhi zofuzo onhlobonhlobo. Nokho, ukufika lapha eminyakeni 2000 edlule, abantu ekuqaleni, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Bantu, ngubani babehilelekile ezolimo, owaqothula ingxenye enkulu iminonjana kwezakhi Afrika ngasekuqaleni esifundeni.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ososayensi baye bakwazi letilandzelanako eyodwa kuphela ezakhi zofuzo i-Afrika yasendulo - Ethiopia, ogama yobudala engu-4500. Manje ePhontu Skoglund eHarvard University eqoqwe DNA 15 abaNsundu ababehlala kusukela eminyakeni engu-500 kuya 6000 edlule.

Ubunzima ekutadisheni DNA

Umagazini i-Nature uthi DNA yamandulo yase-Afrika kunzima ukufunda ngenxa yokuthi wahlala ngaphansi kwethonya isimo esibi kuleli zwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda lokushisa esheshisa inqubo nokucekelwa DNA. Nokho, abacwaningi bakwazi ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana esidlule Afrika, ngenxa nokuqedwa yokungcola neminingi kokutholakala amancane kwangaphakathi indlebe amathambo, okuyinto DNA lasendulo iyagcinwa kahle.

Imiphumela umsebenzi ososayensi

Imiphumela yokuqala cwaningo ezibonisa ukuthi abantu ekuseni uhambo yonkana nezwekazi okuningi kakhulu kunalokho ososayensi ababekucabanga. Ngokwesibonelo, kubonakala sengathi baseNingizimu Afrika secede kusukela Western eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa eyedlule.

Ucwaningo lwesibili, olwenziwa Carina Schlebusch kusukela Uppsala University e-Sweden, nayo ukutadisha DNA Afrika lasendulo. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi genomes abalimi yesimanje zazinegama DNA Bantu.

inzalo Jikelele

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwesonto eledlule, kwakukhona esinye isifundo, okuyinto ebonisa ukuthi abantu futhi AmaNeanderthal ukuthi ngandlela-thile ukuhlanganyela iminyaka engaphezu kuka-270 eziyinkulungwane edlule. Le miphumela ukupenda umbono omusha amadlingozi kanjani lezi zinhlobo yethu basebenzisane.

"Nge isifundo esisha ngasinye, singamalungu baya bazi ukuthi umlando yokuziphendukela kwemvelo abantu yesimanje kanye zakudala kwaba nzima kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga engu-10 edlule," - wathi co-umbhali Fernando Rasim we Centre for the Study of genomes e-New York. Lezi kanye nokutholakele odlule uqinisekise waphinda umqondo wokuthi abantu abaningi asendulo ayenamagama inzalo ezivamile.