Obani ezinhle yezitolo isimiso «Take-noma-Pay»?

Njalo umphakeli enkulu unesithakazelo iqhakambisa yokuthengisa zabo. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kubalulekile ukuba ukubikezela ivolumu imikhiqizo zithunyelwa amakhasimende futhi ngesisekelo lezi zimiso ukuhlela. Trade e hydrocarbon - eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo, by iqhakambisa ukugeleza incike azinze (lapho kwabasebenzisi abanentshisekelo), kanye inzuzo ehlelekile. Muva nje, ngenxa supply of gas eYurophu nase-Ukraine, amazwana evame ukusetshenziswa Thatha-noma-Pay eside. Kuyini futhi kungani ukwethulwa isimiso kubangela nokungeneliseki kwabo abanye abalingani angaphandle "Gazprom"?

inkontileka Ukrainian ngo-2009

It izimo waphetha ekuqaleni kuka 2009 sivumelwano kwaholela ukwethulwa isimiso ukubizwa ngokuthi omunye izimo ezintathu komnikazi inter-state ingxabano kwezomnotho. Ngaphezu Thatha-noma-Pay, ebuhlotsheni esizayo yayihlanganisa ukuqedwa amafemu nomlomo ( "RosUkrEnergo") futhi ukwanda intengo izimpahla ezithunyelwe. Inkontileka kuyazuzisa ohlangothini Russian futhi yobandlululo izithakazelo kwezomnotho Ukraine, kodwa nokho ke sasayinwa. Futhi uma intengo Nanamuhla, abantu abaningi bacabanga "ayinabulungisa", "ebugqilini", naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inkontileka nayiSigungu High Inkontileka Amaphathi ngokuzithandela ke isimo "ukuthatha noma ukhokhe" esimweni esithile engavamile ayikwazi kubhekwe. Ngokusho kwakhe, Ukraine iyophinde abalutholayo abavumelana inani igesi. Endabeni ka ukushoda ke ubophekile ukuba ukhokhe imali ethile, ngaphansi kokukhulu esibekiwe, kodwa ngaphezulu elivunyelwa etholwe. Kulokhu, inhlawulo izinkokhelo ezinjalo ayikwazi kubhekwe. Kungani?

elithola isimiso

Umgomo we Thatha-noma-Pay ( "ukuthatha noma ukhokhe") kubi ngakho nganoma yisiphi amaqembu amabili engena inkontileka cha. abahlaziyi Ukrainian, sokuqalekisa le "Gazprom" isikhundla yasebukhosini, ngokuvamile ukhohlwe ukuchaza ukuthi ikhokhwe, kodwa hhayi ezikhethiwe ivolumu igesi elahlekile, futhi ukuqhutshwa nesikhathi esilandelayo ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi senyuke ukusetshenziswa. Njengoba hydrocarbon amanani bezilokhu anda ke akukho lutho olungalungile ukuthi inqolobane sokuvele kukhokhelwe igesi yemvelo. Lomqulu kungenziwa kunakwe (uphawu "lokususa") ekulungiseleleni isicelo sonyaka ozayo, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubala ngokunembile ubukhulu izidingo zesikhathi esizayo. Imibandela Take-noma-Pay wetfwesa tibopho hhayi kuphela umthengi, kodwa futhi ku umphakeli, ngubani, ngemva kokungena sivumelwano sika force ayikwazi senqabe ukunikeza amavolumu wamemezela (Yiqiniso, endabeni yokukhokha ngesikhathi esifanele).

Njengoba eRussia?

Esivuna isimiso 'ukuthatha noma ukhokhe "kusho okungenani iqiniso lokuthi amazwe aseYurophu ukuthi ukungenisa igesi kusukela Russian Federation, futhi asebenza kahle (ngemva ukubusa izwe lethu ku-WTO). Ukraine ayikhona ezweni elithile, ngokumelene okubalwe ngalo inzalo yemali eyisipesheli esetshenzisiwe ababagqilazayo umthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi ngaphakathi Russia isimiso esifanayo siyasebenza mayelana abathengi ezinkulu. amabhizinisi amancane nobunzima yokuxhuma amapayipi igesi, njengoba usayizi iyophinde ngonyaka kuhoxiswe kunyatheliswa izimali Kunzima ukuqagela. Endabeni ekuphathweni efudumele ebusika izimboni bungenxa for isizumbulu "Gazprom" hhayi konke kuyazuzisa. Uma kwaba emakhazeni okungavamile, kwenzeka kungaba nakakhulu, ivolumu wamemezela igesi awulona ngokwanele. Kule ndaba, amabhizinisi amancane kanye naphakathi ukuqaphelisisa eyayiphele ingxabano kwezomnotho ne-Ukraine. Uma kwenzeka lokukhansela imodi Take-noma-Khokha kukhona okungase kufaniswe zomthetho, okuzokwenza kwaphazamisa ubuhlobo bayo nesimo igesi esinakho.

Udinga ukukhokha ...

Ngaphezu ebaluleke isimiso bekuhlela zilethwe waqothula amanani nezinye izinzuzo e isimiso 'ukuthatha noma ukhokhe ", ngokuvamile, akukho. Uma izinkomba macroeconomic kukhona amazwe ezinhle, esikweletini angaphandle incane, futhi ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa kahle kulesicelo sakho, bese kwamukeleka hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa umdayisi, kodwa futhi ukuze amakhastama akuthokozele. Enye into - umsebenzi nemibandela makrokrizisa zomhlaba uma zonke penny (owodwa-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane) ku-akhawunti. Futhi kunzima ngempela ukuba abe izwe okungukuthi asempini. Akukho ndawo Thatha-noma-Pay, lapho ukhokha nje lutho. BaseMelika yasungulwa lesi simiso, kodwa futhi inemithwalo elinye nkulumo evamile: ayikho imali - akukho isiphuzo ( "abangafuni ukukhokhela, akabe baphuze"), ebhalwe ezindongeni nemigoqo eziningi.