Newton Law Okokuqala

Inani elikhulu eminingi etholakale emkhakheni physics enziwa emakhulwini eminyakeni okumangalisayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuhlobana kuze kube yilolu suku. Futhi uma isikhundla ezinto quantum physics siqhubeke kulekelelwa, njengoba ukwenza izingxenye ngokwesayensi - ukuthuthukisa, izihambisimshini cishe ukuthola into entsha.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izihambisimshini kanjani esigabeni physics luhlukaniswe Dynamics kanye kinematics. Kulokhu, lo kinematics uchaza futhi uhlola ukunyakaza uqobo, futhi Dynamics - nezimbangela zayo.

Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo ngichaze izizathu ukuvela phambili ukunyakaza, kuze kube yilolu suku abhekwa imithetho Dynamics Newton, ogama umnikelo ukuthuthukiswa yaleli gatsha physics kunzima overestimate. Nguye owethulwa imiqondo ezifana "mass," "inertia", "isikhathi" kanye nabanye abaningi. Nokho, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke Isaak Nyuton ngenxa yemithetho sikwazi ukuchaza ukunyakaza kanye nezimiso nokuxhumana zemizimba.

Omunye wemithetho zalo eziyisisekelo ibizwa ngokuthi umthetho inertia, noma lokuqala umthetho Newton. Ekwakhiweni uthi khona yayo ezifana inkomba ozimele, okuyinto umzimba Isivinini isihlobo alushintshi futhi akashintshi, uma lokhu akunamthelela nezinye izindima noma emzimbeni. Kule iziphetho ezimbili kungenziwa shi: kuqala, ukuze ushintshe trajectory of the umzimba kangangokuba kwashintsha isikhundla salo ngaso sonke, kodwa ngisho ngakho, ukuthi igcina isikhundla salo, ibutho kufanele usetshenziswe. Ngu uqobo ingilazi etafuleni ongafikanga off: kuyadingeka noma ukuthatha noma ukusunduza noma shake etafuleni. Nokho, ngaphandle ukuchayeka ezengeziwe ingilazi emi etafuleni siyoqhubeka yayo ezinyakazayo rectilinear ngesivinini njalo. Kungani? Phela kuyakufanelekela?

Lapha sisondela ukuphela yesibili, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba umthetho wokuqala Newton. Umzimba efanayo kungaba ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba ukunyakaza futhi sihlale nje uphumule. Umbuto ukutsi baba nasiphi isimo inkomba ukucabangela lesi noma ukuthi isimo sakhe. Isibonelo okufanayo ingilazi: ingilazi isihlobo etafuleni lilinganiselwe umile umuntu obuka - kanye. Ngokuvamile, maqondana nanoma yikuphi okuqukethwe ifreyimu yenkomba elihlobene ne nomhlaba, ingilazi Kuzohlala kulesi sibonelo. Nokho ukwandisa engela umbono mayelana ezindizayo phezu ingilazi, uzoqhubeka ukuhambisa emgceni locondzile ngesivinini ukunyakaza Zomhlaba. Inyoni, empeleni, esimweni indiza ingeyona uhlelo emhlabeni inkomba. Okuningi isimo ezithile, kodwa kusobala hhayi ngaphezulu: ukuhamba ingilazi maqondana Jupiter. Glass Jupiter inkomba isihlobo Uhlaka ezihambayo ngoba Ihamba ngejubane Earth. Futhi uhlelo nesimo sayo umile.

okukhipha Scientific elikuvumela ukuba umthetho wokuqala Newton, imi kanje: isimo inkomba ngenhlonipho lapho umzimba ngokungabi bikho amathonya zangaphandle ihamba nombala, ngokuthi inertial inkomba ozimele. Esikhathini Isimo esichazwe ngenhla, i-inertial inkomba uhlelo inkomishi kuzobe kukhona itafula. Nokho, uyacabangela phansi, phansi - e endlini, endlini - emhlabeni. Ngokuvamile, bonke ifreyimu inkomba elihlobene ne-Earth, ubhekwa inertial. Nokho, kuyinto nesitatimende encane: ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba uzungeza kuma-axis awo, ngokugcwele umthetho wokuqala Newton ngeke lisetshenziswe. umzimba Falling, empeleni, angawi zibheka (trajectory lokuya kwaso ayihambisani umugqa oqondile), kanye ne ukuphambuka kancane ngasempumalanga. Nokho, "ngeziphambeko" ezinjalo-physics zanamuhla wamukele indiva lula izibalo.

Ekuvisiseni kwetfu bonke ngenhla, kulula ukuqonda isitatimende ukuthi konke siyahamba futhi konke kuxhomeke embonweni womuntu. Ukuphumula isimo akusho ukungabi khona ukunyakaza, futhi abasebenzela - iyunifomu komugqa ezinyakazayo ngesivinini njalo.