Morse. Incazelo emfushane

Morse - a wekhodi indlela ekhethekile ezahlukene ulimi izinhlamvu - izincwadi, izimpawu zokubhala, nezinombolo esebenzisa amasignali umsindo. Isebenzisa ezimbili izinhlobo amasignali: emfushane isho iphuzu, eside - dash. Ekuqaleni, i-Morse code lalisetshenziswa Telegraph.

Morse yasungulwa zaseMelika USamuel Morse ngo 1838. Umqondo ukwakha uhlelo kolwazi yokudlulisela wavakashela uSamuweli ngemva izincwadi M. Faraday, futhi ucwaningo Schilling sika. Morse abasebenze brainchild yakhe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, kuze imizamo zakhe zazingafani ethwele impumelelo. Isignali lokuqala ithunyelwe kubo ngokusebenzisa wire, ubude okuyinto 1,700 izinyawo. Ukuhlolwa unesithakazelo Steve Weil, ngubani waxhasa lo ucwaningo Morse. Kuyinto ngiyabonga kuye May 27, 1844 wathumela umyalezo wokuqala isibiyeli, umbhalo wawuthi: ". Iyamangalisa imisebenzi yakho, Nkosi"

Yiqiniso, ngesikhathi uhlelo ishintshile ngcono. Wekugcina kwahlongozwa ngo-1939. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi ikhodi Morse ngokwayo waqala ukubiza kuphela ukuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Senzeka ngaleso sikhathi ziyasatshalalaiswa ukukhetha kwayo "yezwekazi".

Njenganoma iyiphi simiso izimpawu, i-Morse code has kokubili ngebuhle nebubi. Phakathi izinzuzo lekhodi bungabonakala ezifana ikhono ukurekhoda futhi udlale emuva amasignali ngokusebenzisa Amadivayisi ezilula, ikhono ngesandla esephepheni, kanye nokuvikeleka okusezingeni eliphezulu sokungahloniphi, inqobo kokuthola umyalezo ekulalelweni, ngisho khona ukuphazamiseka eqinile.

Njengoba wonke lamaphutha, lezi zihlanganisa ongaphakeme-speed wiring, ikhodi uqobo akusho lutho ukuthola oqondile-ukuphrinta, futhi ukudluliselwa lolo phawu liyadingeka ngokwesilinganiso mayelana 9-10 chips, okuyinto ngempela uneconomical.

SOS - isignali lapho edlulisa Morse code eyaziwa kakhulu. Lokhu isignali uvunyelwe ukuhambisa kuphela ezimweni lapho kukhona usongo okuseduze ukuphila komuntu noma isitsha ulwandle. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isignali eziningi SOS sitolikwa njengoba «Londoloza imiphefumulo yethu» (elihunyushwa ngokuthi "ukusindisa imiphefumulo yethu"), noma, ngokusho kwabanye, «Londoloza umkhumbi wethu» (londoloza umkhumbi wethu), kuba ngokuphelele akunjalo. Lolu hlobo isignali wakhethwa kuphela ngenxa alula: amachashazi amathathu, kolayini ezintathu bese futhi amaphuzu amathathu, okuyinto lula impela ukukhumbula.

Kanjani ukukhumbula zonke izinhlamvu kudluliswa kusetshenziswa i-Morse code? Tunes - omunye owaziwa kakhulu nezindlela elula ukufunda i-Morse code.

Tunes kukhona pronunciation komqondo amasethi ezahlukene kolayini amachashazi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amaqoqo, okuhlanganisa unkamisa ezifana "a", "s" noma "o" isho dash, futhi lonke amaqoqo ezinhlamvu uzwakale "ah" - iphuzu.

Ngokwesibonelo, incwadi "i", ehlanganisa amaphuzu amabili, usebenzisa Tunes amazwi ngekhanda "futhi di" kanye nencwadi 'k' (-.-) - ukusebenzisa inkulumo ethi "efanayo-kaaak taaak".

Namuhla, kunamabandla izinhlelo eziningi ezahlukene engasetshenziswa ukufunda ikhodi Morse, kwemiqondo imiyalezo encode futhi ukunquma ulwazi esebenzisa izinhlamvu zamagama, kanye ukuqeqesha futhi wamukele Morse amasignali ukusuthiswa ukukhanya.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi namuhla kukhona eziningi izinhlelo ezintsha kanye amakhodi zokuxhumana, i-Morse code wayesalokhu ethandwa phakathi umsakazo nayizimfundamakhwela.