Obolekayo - kuyinto ... Ukuvikela ababoleka. Umboleki - Definition

Ukusebenza kohlelo lwezezimali emhlabeni akunakwenzeka ngaphandle onjalo ezibalulekile njengoba obolekisayo. Ikhredithi - ubuhlobo i imvelo zomnotho ngenxa phakathi kwezihloko ukuthenga kwemali, ukunikeza lent (waboleka) Inani ukufeza izinjongo ezithile, ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi ukubuyiswa kwemali, inkokhelo, futhi ukuvuthwa.

uhlelo credit

Injongo uhlelo Ikhredithi ukugqugquzela semali esikhona ukuba ahlinzeke nabo awasetshenziswa ngemali ethile. Uhlelo isakhiwo ebhange zentengiso. umsebenzi wayo lomkhulu itholakala Umklamo ukubolekisa kanye imali kanye imali. Ngaphezu ngamabhange, abahlanganyeli ebalulekile ohlelweni credit yilezi: ibhange central, credit ezikhethekile nezinye izikhungo zezimali. amazwe amaningi anesimiso amathathu- noma amane-level uhlelo credit: ezingeni lokuqala - Central Bank, ngosuku lwesibili - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene amabhange (ukonga, ukutshala imali, indlu, commercial). Ezingeni yesithathu - non-ebhange credit nezinhlangano zezimali. Siqokomisa ezingeni lesine, okuhlanganisa umshwalense futhi sempesheni, credit izinyunyana kanye nabanye. isebenze kohlelo olunikezwa budlelwane emkhatsini wetincenye abahlanganyeli ubudlelwane credit.

Izikhonzi ubudlelwane credit

Izifundo lezi ubudlelwane kukhona umbolekisi kanye umboleki. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwazo zinqunywa nesidingo sokuba supply umboleki imali nobukhona yayo futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba okukhiphayo nomuntu ayemkweleta. Ngakho, umbolekisi - ke yilona lodwa iqembu engxenyeni esinika loan (loan / imalimboleko). Obolekayo - yilona lodwa iqembu engxenyeni ukuthi ozothola udumo (loan / imalimboleko) abese eqala isibopho ukubuyela izimali ezibolekwe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi.

Omunye futhi umuntu ofanayo kohlaka ubudlelwane zezimali kanye credit kungaba kanyekanye kube kokubili nomuntu ayemkweleta futhi njengoba umboleki. Kuchazwa ke kulokhu kangangokuthi, isibonelo, umuntu, okwenza out loan ebhange uba umboleki, kulesi simo, ibhange - njengoba umbolekisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, khona idiphozi ebhange kushintsha ubudlelwane abahlanganyeli izindawo. Futhi umuntu - umbolekisi kanye yasebhange umboleki.

Into ubudlelwane credit

Isakhi esiyinhloko ubudlelwano phakathi umboleki futhi obolekisayo kuyinto into yokudlulisela. Into ubudlelwane ukudluliswa credit - elisizayo, noma okuthiwa ezinganeni, izindleko. Ngamanye amazwi, umuntu ayemkweleta inemali etholakalayo, kuba uqeda sonke isikweletu futhi wayeka e ukuhamba kwayo. Ngenxa loan, kungenzeka ukuqala umjikelezo entsha ukuqhubeka kwegazi kanye nezimali oqondile kwegazi. Kuyinto ngokwanele ukunikeza imali ngaphandle kwenzalo ukuze lo muntu obolekayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Kule ngombono, umboleki - umuntu, ngokuthola kanye inzuzo tibalo isihambile kukuvumela ngeke uphazanyiswe yi-Finance wesifunda. Lokhu ekugcineni esheshisa inqubo zokukhiqiza. Luthuthukisa umlingisi imali yisici esibalulekile udumo kanye nobudlelwane zezimali.

Esinye isimo kubalulekile ukusebenza credit izikhungo repayable futhi kulondolozwe amalungelo ubunikazi ayemkweleta zezindlela ezingaphumelelanga zinikezwa ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo umboleki. Omunye siqinisekiso sokukhokha isikweletu siba creditworthiness umboleki sika.

Isimiso esiyisisekelo loan - kulondolozwe ukubaluleka kwayo

Ngokulungiselela izindlela ukusebenzisa umbolekisi, kubalulekile okungenani ukuzigcina futhi kanjani ukwandisa esiphezulu. Ukugcwaliseka kwalezi lezimo eliyisisekelo credit izinga.

Eqinisweni, akuyona njalo kungenzeka nekuwusebentisa ngokugcwele. Izingozi eziyinhloko wabahlanganyeli esikweletu ubudlelwane zezimali, kukhona izinqubo inflation. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi iziteshi zichichima kwegazi yemali isivuno sisiningi kakhulu imali futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuncishiswa yayo amandla wokuthenga. Obolekayo - umuntu eqala isibopho sokukhokha imali ebolekiwe. Kodwa esimweni emali esibuyiswe imali, ngesikhathi esifanayo ulondoloze isimo ubukhulu okuzisholo, empeleni unefomu utsenonnuyu kakade. Nokho, kunezinye izingozi eziningi, phezu okuvela ngazo uthethe isikweletu abakwazi wokuyibuyisa ngokuhambisana imigomo obolekisayo. Futhi akusiyo njalo kusolwe kuphela okweletayo. Ngokuvamile kuwukwephula amalungelo abo esisemthethweni kuholela ezinjalo kuba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele.

Ukuze bavikele izithakazelo wezomthetho ababoleka

Ekuqaleni, ikhredithi-umboleki - iyona buthaka kusukela iphuzu lomthetho umbono iqembu. Izikhungo zemali ukunciphisa ikhasimende umthelela kokuqukethwe isivumelwano sesikweletu, kanjalo nokukhawulela ikhono layo ukuthonya imigomo loan futhi ukubuyiswa kwemali. Lokhu kudala ukuba asayine isivumelwano, ukuthi inani elihle kunawo ukuba ayemkweleta, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, aphula amalungelo umboleki. I ukwephulwa njalo iningi amalungelo umuntu wathatha yemali ebolekwayo:

• ekubalweni intela yemali loan nhlobo umzimba imalimboleko (kunokuba ibhalansi izikweletu);
• accrual izimali loan;
• i-accrual yenhlawulo ukuthi ayifani ubukhulu yesikweletu;
• nendawo ethile ye-impikiswano indawo phezu yasebhange abolekise;
• ababoleka umshwalense njengoba isimo ngoba loan;
• ukufakwa kwinkontileka of uboleka ngokuya nokuhlolwa izimali ngenxa yokulondoloza akhawunti loan futhi udaba loan.

UMthetho Federal "Ngo umthengi credit (loans)"

Ngo-July 1, 2014 ku Russian Federation, uMthetho № 353-FZ. Umgomo wakhe - kulesetayelekile ubudlelwane, okuyinto kuphakama ekuhlinzekweni umthengi credit (loan) umuntu, uma imalimboleko ikhishwa hhayi ngezinhloso zebhizinisi.

Injongo eyinhloko umthetho - ngokubeka ukuze umthengi credit emakethe futhi bavikele ababoleka. Ngeshwa, kuze kube muva nje, ngisho amabhange esitalini idumela eliphezulu zavumela zisebenzisa zomthetho okungabi nalwazi amakhasimende. Egxile Noma kunalokhu kuvikeleka kwezomthetho ngumthetho ababoleka ulawula ngokucacile amaphuzu alandelayo:

• izilinganiso izinhlobo isivumelwano sesikweletu;
• ubunjalo eqine ubukhulu izinhlawulo enqwabelene uma kwenzeka yokukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi kwi loan;
• Ukubeka okudayisa abolekise amazinga;
• ukucaciseleka mshini ukubala isilinganiso senzalo esisebenzayo;
• eqinisa ukulawula umsebenzi ezikhungweni microfinance;
• Regulation amasevisi iqoqo.

Izigidi zabantu bahlala izikweletu

Ngokwezibalo, kusukela 60 kuya 90% izakhamuzi abasebenzayo bengenaso ukubolekisa oluvelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthandwa ukubolekisa ukhula kancane. Izakhamizi endaweni Daze siphethe isivumelwano sesikweletu. Futhi amabhange, ubuncane kokuhlola creditworthiness of umboleki, bazimisele ukunikeza sokubolekwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokuba sekwanele ukukhombisa iphasiphothi. Kwakungenxa kalula ezifana kalula amanga "ibhomu" ezingaba hit kokubili umbolekisi futhi lo muntu obolekayo. Uma umamukeli loan akakwazi sokukhokha imali ebolekiwe, khona-ke inkinga hhayi olwakhe kuphela kodwa nezalo umbolekisi ukuba abuyisele imali-mboleko. Kubalulekile soberly ukuhlola izingozi kanye lesibopho futhi uhlele loan kuphela 100% uyamethemba ukuvuthwa yayo.