Monad - a Monad ifilosofi ...

Philosophy kuhilela okuningi imisinga kanye izitayela. Bonke ososayensi kumelwe yake yachaza esigabeni sakhe baqonde izinto ezenzekayo ngesikhathi sawo. Leibniz imfundiso yokuziphendukela monads iyingxenye dialectic - ukuthuthukiswa unomphela kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela, ukunyakaza futhi ukushintshashintsha emhlabeni. A sefilosofi esaziwayo, omele lesikole isiJalimane, wayekholelwa ukuthi kukhona uNkulunkulu futhi isizathu, okuyinto edala at inhliziyo emhlabeni. Lokho uNkulunkulu acabanga ngayo inikeza okuqukethwe ngoba le ndaba futhi iba umthombo sokuthuthuka.

Uyini monad?

Ngokusho Leibniz, umhlaba wonke ingahlukaniswa izakhi kencanikhulu - monads. Monad - kuyinto into ekhethekile, okuyinto lula, okuyinto ingxenye isici eziyinkimbinkimbi. Le ngxenye yomhlaba akanawo elula, wayengasekho futhi akazange afele ngendlela ejwayelekile, kuvele ukhona. Leibniz wagomela ngokuthi Monad ifilosofi - ikhemikhali benawo isimiso somsebenzi futhi amandla. Lomgomo zingachazwa ngokuya teleology (kwakuwukuthi jikelele imigomo oyinhloko) kanye nemfundiso yenkolo. Kule ndaba, kukhona umbono ukuthi umkhathi eyenziwe uNkulunkulu, kodwa njalo iqondiswe ukuzithiba ngcono nokuthuthukiswa amafomu ocebile.

Monad cwaningo nefilosofi nezinhlayiya, okuyinto sihlotshaniswa elingapheli isikhala ubunye. Leibniz, njengoba kummeleli dialectic, abeke phambili umqondo ukuthi imvelo iqoqo ubudlelwane babo bonke ngayo yonke, ngoba yonke indawo kuxhomeke iyona Monad. mkhuba zefilosofi ubonisa uxhumano ehlukile izinto umuntu endaweni enkulu.

Izici izidakamizwa

Zonke izinto zingahlukaniswa zibe monads. khona labo kwaqinisekiswa izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisizungezile futhi esingafunda kuso ngendlela engokoqobo, sifika nakho abanye. Isimiso zefilosofi uthi iyiphi into eziyinkimbinkimbi kufanele kube eyodwa elula. Ukuze Leibniz monad - kuba athomu ezingokomoya ukuthi ine izingxenye ezihlukahlukene futhi immateriality. Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinto elula, okusho ukuthi hhayi angaphansi kwamazinyo futhi kokuphila, njengabo bonke abanye abafayo izidakamizwa.

Indlela monads ivaliwe, futhi ngokuqondene inyumbazana abazi ngayo omunye, futhi, esikhundleni salokho, ezibathintayo. Bona aluka esikhaleni ngokuzimela. Lomgomo akuyona ejwayelekile ye monads ephakeme - UNkulunkulu onika ukuphila nazo zonke ezinye izici kuyavumelana isimo sabo sangaphakathi. ngokuvumelana Oku-ayimisa phakathi izinto ezilula kuyinto ephilayo esibukweni isithombe yonke. Naphezu alula, le Monad ifilosofi - into esesikhundleni siqu oyiyo yangaphakathi kanye kaningi isimo. isimo esinjalo, noma bezibona, ngeke kube khona ngokwalo, ngokungafani izinhlayiya izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi lokhu kuqinisekisa izinto kalula. Wemiqondo bayaphila nokuthi equlekile nemvelo. Isimo sesibili kungenzeka ngenxa ubukhulu encane monads.

Monad futhi umphefumulo

Leibniz kwadingeka imibono yakhe anthropological ngalolu daba. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izenzo zabantu zingase ngaphansi kwethonya equlekile. Wathi futhi ukuthi monads bese isimo sazo kushintsha njalo. Isizathu salokhu - umsebenzi yangaphakathi kwalesi sakhi.

Ukuze Leibniz umphefumulo womuntu - the Monad ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ifilosofi, lesi siqondiso libizwa monadology - kuveza iyimbangela eyinhloko ukuxhumana ngokomzimba phakathi izinto. Umphefumulo womuntu - lokhu nje iyisimangaliso esisodwa, amazinga izidakamizwa.

hlinzeka Basic monadology

yonke Lonke zingahlukaniswa zibe inqwaba izakhi ezithinta imvelo hhayi esikabili, njengoba kulotshwe Descartes futhi Spinosa njalo munye.

Monad - ingenye, uma sibheke ukuhunyushwa ngolimi lwesiGreki. Kuyinto elula, indivisible futhi ayinaso impahla isisekelo neziqinile.

Monad libhekene izimfanelo ezine: ukuvelela, isifiso, ukuqonda futhi ukusebenza.

Ingqikithi yale nto umsebenzi, umsebenzi. He is olulodwa futhi njalo siguqula nombono wabo.

Ukuqhubeka khona kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele monad uqobo.

Le into kuyinto zivalekile futhi wadinga usizo lwabanye njengaso.

Izinhlobo monads ka Leibniz

Leibniz, kufinyeta yonke imicabango yakho, wabe monads ku 4 amakilasi:

1. Naked Monad - nguye kuyisisekelo impilo kwezidalwa wezinto ezingaphili (amatshe, umhlaba, amaminerali).
2. Monad izilwane - kusukela igama kuyacaca kubani kuba eyinqaba. Uneziqu umuzwa, kodwa ukwazi ngempela ezibalulwa kanjena ngokufanele.
3. monad Human noma umphefumulo - izidakamizwa okunengqondo. It has ukwazi, inkumbulo futhi ikhono eliyingqayizivele - ukucabanga. Ukuphela kwendlela umuntu angafunda ngayo ngezwe ezizungezile izinto, imithetho yokuziphatha, amagugu kanye amaqiniso okuphakade.
4. Eliphakeme monads - Nkulunkulu.

Leibniz wagomela ukuthi zonke monads, ngaphandle efunda ibanga lesine, ahlangane naso umzimba. Life izidalwa elihlobene ne izinqubo ezimbili - ukuthunyelwa nokuzalwa nokufa ekunqandeni, okuyinto isimiso ngaphakathi emzimbeni womuntu njengesijeziso iqoqo monads, ngeke sikuqede. Ngaphansi komzimba, waqonda monads lizwe libuswa umholi ephelele - umphefumulo. Njengoba isazi sefilosofi, bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye idealist ngisho babenqaba ukuthi sikhona ndaba, futhi kule ndaba, futhi ehlukaniswe nemizimba.

Isiphetho ku monadology

Monads ekilasini kubonisa degree of inkululeko nokucabangela yayo - ayanda kuba, ayanda ukusebenza. ithiyori Leibniz sika lungaboniswa umhlaba wonke, emagumbini ezikude kakhulu zaleli ke, zonke izinto ezizungezile. Ngamunye monad, esiyingqayizivele, izici zayo siqu, has ukuthuthukiswa yayo uhlamvu.