Manual, mechanical wokubacindezela guillotine. Guillotine - ke ...

Lapho "guillotine" izwi, abantu abaningi ngokushesha phambi kwamehlo isithombe esibi siyavela isigwebo. Kukholakala ukuthi French yasungulwa afela. Ngempela, eFrance wadala guillotine ngesimo esiphila bajwayele ukubona, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho iye yasetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Ngo-Ireland neScotland lokhu okusungulile ebulalayo wabizwa ngokuthi maid Scottish, Italy - Mandaia, Germany - Fallbeil. Nakuba bathuthumele ngaphambilini leli thuluzi elenziwe abantu abavela into efana nayo, manje ukuze kuzuze isintu iyona guillotine. Le divayisi manje ezisetshenziselwa ukusika metal, iphepha cutting nogwayi.

Uyini guillotine?

Ngomqondo okuqala eNhlangano guillotine - indlela nokunqunywa ikhanda, esetshenziswa emazweni amaningana aseYurophu ukuphoqelela isigwebo sokufa. I isibhamu kwaba ummese omkhulu etshekile, ogama isisindo zazisuka 40-100 kg ezihambayo phakathi iziqondiso mpo. Rope liyophuma ukuze ukuphakama mayelana 3 m futhi kuvikelwe nge isiqhebezo. Isigwebo sokufa, ukubeka ebhentshini, Ikhanda lakhe laselilethwa enamathiselwe phakathi amapulangwe ikhefu entanyeni. Lower zase zihleliwe futhi elingenhla - is siyiswe phezulu kanye phansi Slots. Isiqhebezo ebambe ummese, wavula isigwedlo ekhethekile futhi wawela ngesivinini ngqo entanyeni isisulu, yingakho ukufa kweza kweso.

Umsunguli ngokubulawa amathuluzi

Kwaphela isikhathi eside eFrance izigebengu ashiswa esigxotsheni, ezine noma alengiswe, abantu nelungelo kuphela babulawa wayinquma amakhanda abo ngembazo noma inkemba, ukunciphisa ukuhlupheka abo. UDkt Guillotin, owayeyilungu weSigungu Sikazwelonke, ngo-1791, kuqala ezihlongozwayo ukuziphatha isigwebo by indlela efanayo, hhayi abantu ngendlela elula futhi aristocrats. Ngokusho kwakhe, lo guillotine - lokhu kuyindlela enhle ukuze akhulule indoda wabalahla kusukela ubuhlungu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, njengoba ithuluzi enophephela ngokushesha futhi befa indaba ngemizuzwana.

Isiphakamiso elihambisana Jean Guillotin e le ababamele LoMhlangano yethulwa ngo 1789. Lokhu kwalandelwa eziningi mpikiswano, kodwa ekugcineni iningi lamalungu wayevumelana nalokho okwakushiwo udokotela, futhi ngo-1791 indlela ukubulawa kwakhe wethule ukuba Criminal Code. Okokuqala, isikhali lokubulala evivinywa cadavers, kodwa entwasahlobo ka 1792 zenzeka isijeziso lokuqala endaweni de Greve ekusebenziseni le indlela. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ngangikholelwa ukuthi umsunguli we guillotine uye wahlupheka kusukela ekudalweni yayo efanayo, kodwa akusilo iqiniso lelo. Guillotin ishone ngezimo zemvelo e 1814.

Ukusetshenziswa guillotine eYurophu

Ubuntu eziningi kakhulu owaziwa ikhanda guillotine. Lokhu afela yahlakazeka emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke wayenaso French. Phakathi French Revolution, izigebengu eziningi zaziyizindawo gilotirovany lamasu njengezwi zomculo eyinhloko isijeziso lasetshenziswa kwaze kwaba ngu-1981. EJalimane, i-guillotine ayebhekwa uhlobo eyinhloko isigwebo sokufa kuze 1949. indlela German kuhlukile kancane kusukela isiFulentshi, kwadingeka indophi ngoba ephakamisa ummese, mpo metal okuthunyelwe kanye kwaba ephansi kakhulu. I isibhamu wawumatasa esetshenziswa eJalimane lobuNazi ngoba ngokunqunywa izigebengu.

Umlando guillotine zashiya izibazi e-Italy. Ngo-1819, lo mshini ubelokhu eqashelwa njengoba ithuluzi main ngokubulawa. Izigebengu abangu ikhanda eduze Castel Sant'Angelo ukuze Piazza del Popolo. guillotine Roma amthatha izici zayo siqu ekuklanyweni: emincane "gripe" Cindezela umzimba umuntu olahlwe yicala futhi blade ngqo. Isikhathi sokugcina lalisetshenziswa ehlobo lika-1870, ngemva kwalokho-ke sahoxiswa. ECayenne kusuka XVIII kuya kweleshumi XX yayiyindawo wobugqila lokujeziswa nokudingiswa leziboshwa zezombusazwe. Kule ndawo tropical ngokuvamile lendlala imfiva ezinzima futhi ukusinda lapha kwakungenakwenzeka. Sinnamary ejele ngokuthi "guillotine owomile."

inhlukano Guillotine

izikhathi ezinzima, lapho abantu yababenqunywe amakhanda ngenxa icala kancane, kuthiwa kade laphela, futhi manje kokusungulwa Dr. Guillotin ukuze kuzuze isintu. Ukuphuca umshini amathuluzi ukuze kwenziwe lula umsebenzi lochwepheshe izikhathi eziningi. Isimiso wokuqhumbuza impahla isekelwe esimisweni okusebenzela kuyo indlela yokuqala. Umshini guillotine ingezwe ku-egxilile blade ephansi, ngakho-wayefana isikele nokuningi. Kuye ukusetshenziswa, ubukhulu kanye ukushuba impahla wasebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlamvu guillotines. Indlela elula lezi siyindlela mathupha.

Lo mshini usebenza sibonga indlela isigwedlo-entwasahlobo. guillotine Manual Nokho kuyinto imishini elula ukuthi Akudingi zokukhwabanisa anobuciko, kodwa zithandwa kakhulu embonini. Ngosizo plastic wakhe cut, izingcwecwe zensimbi amashidi, amakhadibhodi awugqinsi, iraba, plexiglass. Umshini muhle ukuthi ukuze isebenze akudingekile ukuphakela zokuxhumana eyengeziwe, akudingi ugesi ukusebenza noma iliphi igumbi, futhi izikhathi eziningi kunciphisa tindleko msebenzi.

guillotine mechanical

amathuluzi Machine okuye kwenziwa kuye kwabonisa ukuba side ezinhle. Ngo umkhuba kwaba ukuhlola ukuthembeka imishini ukuthi hhayi kuphela kahle nangokunembile imisebenzi, kodwa kuhla amandla kancane. Mshini igibele umphini ukushayela ummese. Ngokusebenzisa coupling lingena torque engu. Sam ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza ijikeleziswa ngu zomshini.

Guillotine wokubacindezela

Imishini enjalo is ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa amabhizinisi aphakathi nendawo kanye ezinkulu, njengoba has a usayizi esikhulu, ebizayo kunesidingo sokuthi kukhiqizwe elihambayo impahla. guillotine umfutholuketshezi kalula sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo ahlukahlukene metal ukujiya. High-ngokunemba umugqa futhi umshini omkhulu wokubacindezela kuqinisekisa ngokunemba ngokuphelele Imi. I uthayela phezu obuphelele yonke cut is fixed clamping amasilinda wokubacindezela, kodwa igebe phakathi izindwani kumele kushintshwe athutha.

Metal Guillotine

imishini Guillotine ngokuyinhloko esetshenziselwa ekucubunguleni metal roll, ukusika zibe emapheshana, ukusika Ishidi transverse nesiqondiso longitudinal. imishini aphathwayo kalula ukuphatha metal non-ayoni (zinc, aluminium, zethusi Alloys) nensimbi nge amashidi mncane. Ukugawula impahla mkhulu bekwi wokubacindezela, mechanical, womoya, imishini electromechanical.

Guillotine ukhiqiza imiphetho bushelelezi cut ngaphandle burrs noma ezinye deformations. Lapho ukusika ishidi ziyancipha imfucuza, ngisho nalapho izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ukuma eziyinkimbinkimbi. On umshini enjalo ivumela ukuba usike ngisho ngesineke enamathela metal kungaqali chip noma sikhubazekile. Ezinye imishini angase avunwe square, emincane, eziyindilinga. imishini Guillotine Ungase futhi bagawula isitaki esikhulu material.

guillotine Paper

Lapho edala imishini Paper-ukusika, futhi, kwaba khona ukusetshenziswa abesabekayo kokusungulwa Dr. Guillotin. Kuye inhloso ngawo isetshenziswa futhi wabahlulela ngezinga elingakanani, ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo mechanical, ugesi, manual wokubacindezela kwezakhiwo. iphepha Guillotine ngokuyinhloko esetshenziswa ngezinga ezimbonini. Kuyinto enhle kakhulu for the enhle ukusika izitaki enkulu iphepha kuze kube 800 amashidi.

Ummese indlela enquma fiber, kunokuba baphokophelele kubo, kungenzeka ngenxa ukunyakaza ngokuphambeneyo. Guillotine enquma volumetric ukugeleza iphepha, kusale Imi ihlanzekile ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu inzuzo yayo enkulu. uhlelo Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwe-imishini, esunguliwe, othomathikhi ukuphokophela futhi sigqamisa umugqa cutoff. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunesidingo, ku noma yimuphi umshini, ungakwazi engaloli ummese.

Guillotine ngoba nogwayi

Igama ithuluzi ezinolaka ngokubulawa, kungenzeka ngomqondo kuyindida wegama elisetshenziswe ukuze ubheke amadivayisi ukusika ichopho ugwayi. Kwaphela isikhathi eside lokhu, ngemimese noma sikelo, kodwa abazange ukunika ukuthi umphumela, onikeza guillotine. Nogwayi abe ukuphela avaliwe, kwenziwa ukuze alondoloze ukunambitheka yokuqala ugwayi. umbono komlando guillotine okuningi okufana ideskithophu ezahlukeneyo, nakuba zikhona aphathwayo (ephathekayo) kudivayisi. Ziyakwazi ekahle ukusetshenziswa egumbini ezivamile noma ekhaya.

Puff Cigar at kancane kanzima, guillotine kwenza ukuncishiselwa bushelelezi, ngenxa yalokho obhemayo uthola ubumnandi kule nqubo, ngoba ayifuni Jerky futhi donsa bushelelezi bese exhale. guillotines ephathekayo kukhona esalisekela futhi amabili emaceleni. I imimese ibukhali, ngakho ukusonteka iqabunga ugwayi siqedwa. umsebenzisi Simple kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-guillotine bemave lamabili, indlela sohlangothi olulodwa amakhosi.