Makroprolaktin - kuyini? Ukuhlaziywa makroprolaktin: kuyinsakavukela kanye nokusuka

Prolactin (lyuteotropnym) ngokuthi i-hormone ekhiqizwa yi-anterior pituitary amaseli. Ingqikithi enezinto eziningi amafomu, kwindlela kuwukuthi abantu. Enye indlela esinjalo makroprolaktin i-hormone luteotrophic. Kuyini, iziphi imisebenzi yayo kanye nezimpahla, ezichazwe ngezansi.

Concepts prolactin

Hormone siqukethe amaprotheni kubhekwe prolaktinpodobnyh peptide izidakamizwa. impahla yakhe kusekelwe iqhaza izinqubo zokukhiqiza kabusha, futhi kwezinye izitho zomzimba bayizisulu izenzo - the nezindlala mammary.

I ezenza umuntu ezwe prolactin Kuye kwatholakala nezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kodwa ibingakazeki ukuthi zisabela kanjani ukuba umthelela izinto hormone. receptor Ukudideka atholakala izitho ezilandelayo:

• ubende;
• ukukhanya;
• thymus;
• inhliziyo;
• amanyikwe;
• izinso;
• kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda;
• isikhumba.

Hormone ikhona igazi lomuntu amafomu ezintathu: 85% of the impahla ine uhlobo monomer, 10% - ifomu dimer futhi% 5 kuphela kwifomu makroprolaktina.

Imisebenzi ye-prolactin

The main "umsebenzi" le-hormone ukukhulisa kanye nokugcina ezingeni ezanele kumiswa ubisi ngesikhathi uncelisa. Ngo sokukhulelwa, ezingeni ezanele prolactin silondoloze ubulili-hormone okuthiwa i -estrogen. Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane lemali estrogen incipha kakhulu.

Ngalesi sikhathi ukukhiqizwa prolactin alondolozwa ingono ukukhuthazwa mechanoreceptors. Wabo asebenzayo encane ibele icuphe ukukhululwa kwe oxytocin, eveza ubisi. Okungukuthi prolactin ishukumise ukukhiqizwa ubisi ekuqongeleleni yayo esifubeni, kodwa inqubo yokwaba ubisi ihlangabezana oxytocin.

Isenzo prolactin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungenziwa zibukeke uzibona ezisanda kuzalwa. lokuhlala High hormone kubeka isigxivizo ku ingane. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa esifubeni womntwana, futhi, kungaba osenyameni Milky ukuthi akudingi kokungenela eyengeziwe futhi ngokuzimela ihlolwe emasontweni yokuqala yokuphila.

Ezinye izindawo ze-hormone okuthiwa i luteotrophic:

• okusithiyayo nge-ovulation,
• ukwelulwa kwesikhathi wempilo we luteum Corpus;
• ukuvimbela omunye nokukhulelwa;
• umphumela encane analgesic;
• ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni kweNhlangano surfactant;
• ukuqinisekisa ukubekezelelana mzimba umbungu;
• iqhaza ekuqinisekiseni eqophelweni lokwaneliseka ngokobulili.

Mshini yentuthuko isifo

Ngo amadoda enempilo futhi owesifazane ongeyena abakhulelwe ongenazo izinkinga zezempilo, prolactin kulomkhakhancane uvinjelwa esebenzayo izidakamizwa Dopamine. It is kuhlelwe hypothalamus. Ngasiphi izimo pathologic woniwa ubudlelwano phakathi hypothalamus futhi pituitary indlala, okuholela adenohypophysis amaseli synthesize i-hormone luteotrophic nekwenyusa emazinga yayo serum.

Makroprolaktin - kuyini?

Lokhu kuwuhlobo prolactin elinendawo isisindo yamangqamuzana okusezingeni eliphezulu. It likhona emzimbeni ngesilinganiso esincane. I engavamile ifomu - zokuxhumana hormonally asebenzayo izidakamizwa immunoglobulin.

Prolactin futhi makroprolaktin e isamba ngenhla kuyinsakavukela kufanele zibe khona kuphela abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye lactating. Zonke ezinye izimo abhekwa sokugembula.

Makroprolaktinu kokuba ephakeme isisindo yamangqamuzana, bathambekele buthelela emzimbeni. Abanye yakha luteotrophic i-hormone okukhipha ngenxa yamazinga okusheshayo ongaphakeme isisindo yamangqamuzana ezinto eziphilayo.

Makroprolaktin, ngesilinganiso iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi, has a umsebenzi ongaphakeme eziphilayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izinguquko ezincane izinkomba umzimba wakhe, angase angasabeli. Isithombe emitholampilo ibuthakathaka, noma kuhambisana thuthuva we umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, engesiyo inkomba eqondile egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo.

Laba bameleli be-lowesilisa nayo kwemiqondo yilo hormone. Uyena obangela ukwenziwa kwesidoda, umsebenzi wabo futhi synthesis testosterone. Abesilisa makroprolaktina manani aphansi kakhulu kunezinye abesifazane.

Yokuncwaninga izinsimbi kanye namakhemikhali amazinga cwaningo ama-hormone, kanye izici zayo qualitative ambalwa kunikezelwe uma ukungazali nokunwetshiwe ngezinhloso zokuxilonga.

Gipermakroprolaktinemiya

Uma makroprolaktin ayiphakamisa simo sibizwa ngokuthi gipermakroprolaktinemiey. Lokhu zokugula akuyona into ayeke ukunisa ekuthuthukiseni izimila abulalayo webele kwamathambo ziqhathaniswa isimo ukukhulisa inani prolactin evamile.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwanda kokutheleleka kudlange kakhulu amazinga ama-hormone non-ibele uthi ukwephulwa emsebenzini uhlelo hypothalamic-pituitary. Ukuba khona enkulu amanani makroprolaktina bangase balwisane njengoba dysmenorrhea, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho babe imbangela ukungabi nenzalo.

prolaktinoma

Igama elithi "prolaktinoma" libhekisela izimila ingozi ye pituitary okuyisici we ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone luteotrophic. Adenomas kungavuka kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Etiology ukuvela prolactinoma lingacaci yize kunjalo. Kukhona imibono nezici ezithile ngofuzo, kanye yokuthi izimila zenzeka parallel zokugula nezinye izinhlaka ohlelweni endocrine.

Izinhlobo ezimbili izimila oluthathwa yizi yayo nendawo:

• intrasellyarnye ngeke kuselule ngale le turcica sella , futhi ube ububanzi engaphansi kuka 10 mm;
• ekstrasellyarnye ukunweba ngalé turcica sella, futhi ube ububanzi mkhulu kuka-10 mm.

Ngaphezu syndromes main futhi ukubonakaliswa, ngokumelene lapho ochwepheshe oqokelwe Ihlahlubo prolactin makroprolaktin, zikhona nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho izimpawu zokwelashwa isifo:

• olugcwele yasendle ezibukwayo;
• ukwehla elibukhali acuity ezibukwayo;
• uhlukanise emehlweni;
• ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa umbono neuropathy;
• ikhanda;
• nokucindezeleka;
• ukukhathazeka kanye nobuhlungu;
• ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, nhlobo.

Ngaphandle ukuhlola laboratory, ukubeka okuyikona, ukusetshenziswa CT nama-MRI zobuchopho, Ukukhuthazwa ukuhlolwa (hormone) kanye densitometry (kwamathambo ukulinganisela esetshenziselwa kwamangqamuzana).

ukuhlola Izici

Ukuhlaziya makroprolaktin - kuyini? Lokhu zokuxilonga indlela immunohemilyuminestsentnoy ukuphendula, okuyinto elibekelwe zonke iziguli ezine-amazinga aphakeme we prolactin emzimbeni.

Uhlaziyo ingenye yezindlela ezintsha. Lapho ibizwa babambelele molecule-hormone okuthiwa i "podselyayut" izinhlayiya Fluorescent okuyinto, by sesibopho ukuthobisa prolactin ikhanyisa izingxenye wadalula emisebeni yelanga. Izinga luminescence kukalwa luminometer - ekhethekile kumadivayisi ephathekayo.

izinkomba quantitative makroprolaktina kunqunywa usebenzisa polyethylene glycol. Aqhuba sebethule izakhiwo mzimba. Uma emva inqubo e le serum kunqunywa ngaphansi kuka-40% wezindleko luteotrophic-hormone okuthiwa i ezingeni, lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi inombolo enkulu makroprolaktina impahla uphenyo.

Izinkomba ngoba uphethwe

Kunezindlela eziningi izimo lapho Ochwepheshe babelwe izinkomba ezithile qualitative ambalwa of prolactin futhi izinhlobo zawo. Ukuhlaziya makroprolaktin eyenziwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Galactorrhea - uketshezi okungavamile ubisi noma colostrum;
• khona prolactin - izimila adenohypophysis okuyinto synthesize isamba ngokweqile hormone lomcebo;
• ukulahlekelwa ngokuzumayo umbono;
• ukungazali;
• ukungabi zokwehlukaniswa ezingaphezu kuka izinyanga eziyisithupha;
• lesizalo ukopha of omsakazo engaziwa;
• ukutadisha zokugula we pituitary;
• yokuntuleka njalo nge-ovulation,
• kwamathambo;
• webele;
• ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle yokwelapha prolactin.

Norma ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezahlukene

Inombolo prolactin avelayo (imiphumela mkIE / ml):

• Izinga wesilisa - 44,5-375;
• kuyinsakavukela zesifazane - 59-619;
• postmenopause - 38-430;
• yokuzala - 205,5-4420.

Makroprolaktina ukuthola imiphumela uhunyushwe embodiments ezifana:

• abalulekile lemali makroprolaktina;
• makroprolaktin hhayi abaziwayo;
• nabaningi ukungabaza makroprolaktina.

umphumela omuhle

Gipermakroprolaktinemiya sekunqunyelwe isizinda pathologies ezilandelayo:

• ngxenye izimila;
• hypophysis isimila izinqubo;
• abanale nkinga (Ukwehla uketshezi hormone);
• polycystic syndrome esibelethweni;
• ukwehluleka kwezinso;
• isifo sesibindi;
• anomalies indlala adrenal, esingamahlalakhona adrenal ;
• omzimba izicubu erythematosus;
• rheumatoid arthritis uhlobo;
• pyridoxine Vitamin kwamaphutha.

A esibalulekile khona makroprolaktina kusho ukuthi isiguli kungenzeka ukuthi isikhathi eside ukuthatha imithi izidakamizwa.

Izinga kwethonya hormone:

• antihistamine;
• antipsychotics;
• isisu;
• antihypertensives;
• antipsychotics;
• zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo;
• antidepressant;
• antiemetic ngobuningi ngokusebezisa isikhathi eside.

amanani encishisiwe

Kwezinye izifundazwe makroprolaktin, izinga abesifazane okuyinto iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi inkathi yokuphila kungase kube kuncane kunokwabanye lusebenze kahle. Lo mphumela isici kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• infarction pituitary ezenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo omkhulu ukopha ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
• perenashivanie sokukhulelwa (amasonto angaphezu 41-42);
• ukusetshenziswa eside izidakamizwa ukuze silwe Ukudlikizela, "calcitonin", izindlela hormone, "Morphine", "rifampicin", "Nifedipine".

Ubani omisa cwaningo nalapho sokunikela

Ucwaningo angathumela abanye ochwepheshe: wezifo zabesifazane, Urologist noma endocrinology. Ukuhlaziywa iqashwe laboratories emitholampilo wezokwelapha ezikhethekile kanye nezikhungo zokuhlela umndeni. Ukuze sitholakele igazi emithambo yegazi luyadingeka.

Imiphumela lwamukeleke, isiguli kumele ilungele imiphumela ukuhlaziya makroprolaktin:

1. amahora angu-12 ngaphambi kwezidingo ukuze senqabele ukudla.
2. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba yokwamukela ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa ngesisekelo estrogens futhi androgens. Lo chwepheshe owanikeza isiqondiso, kumele azise nesineke ngakho.
3. Kwaphela amahora angu-24 ukuba bayeke ngokuphelele imithi.
4. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi ukuhlaziya wokuthi yadalwa noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokomzimba futhi ugweme izimo ezibangela ukucindezeleka.
5. Ngosuku ukulethwa yokuhlaziya udinga ukuyeka ukubhema.

isiphetho

Omunye fomu makroprolaktin i-hormone luteotrophic. Kuyini, iziphi izici kokuhlola izinga yayo kanye nobungako - ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze umbhangqwana ngamunye osanda ofuna ukuba abazali esikhathini esizayo, noma ungaphakathi inqubo yokuhlela nje ebamba isisu.