Lwemali Germany - umkhiqizo oqinile

Lwemali Germany - sha kwadingeka umlando cishe sesquicentennial futhi ocebile kakhulu. Wayeqale wangena nenhlalakahle ngo-1871, unyaka ubunye emazweni German ngaphansi kwegunya le-Prussian uMbusi UWilliam Okokuqala. I okudalwe lwemali German lwenzelwe ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi umnotho yezimboni umbuso esanda olusebenza. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala ukhona, sha babhekana unethemba ngempela nge lemisebenti.

Kodwa konke kwashintsha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, lapho eJalimane walahlekelwa ke bawela ukuwa kwezomnotho kwangempela. Esikhathini eko kwekhulu elidlule esimweni elikhulu German wanqoba isikali ezinkulukazi emali, kuhlangene ukucindezeleka kwengqondo nemicabango kwezomnotho ezijulile. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngisho lwemali German Isikhishwe (bill) e amahlelo eziyikhulu bhiliyoni amamaki.

Futhi ngo-1923, ezinsukwini zika the Weimar Republic ukuze unqobe oyinhlekelele emnothweni laseJalimane ayehle kakhulu amandla emali kahulumeni Gustav Stresemann iphepha brand isishintshanisiwe okuthiwa sokuqasha. Kwakuyisikhathi lwemali yesikhashana Germany, zibancishe izinga lomthetho futhi okuyinto andulela isingeniso entsha Reichsmark inzuzo, ekhishwe ngo-Agasti ngonyaka 1924.

Emission metal Reichsmarks ngaleso sikhathi waba nesenzakalo njalo - bashintsha cishe njalo ngonyaka. Khona-ke lwemali eJalimane aluqinile ikakhulukazi. Athintekayo imiphumela kwezomnotho kokunqotshwa empini ye. Ukuze ukukhulisa umoya kazwelonke nokushisekela izwe ku Reichsmarks kweqiniso German kuvezwa izenzakalo ezijabulisayo emphilweni isizwe izibalo esivelele isimo German.

Ngo-1930, uhulumeni wanquma ukungabe ukukhipha zemali ukuzinikezela zimpawu ezinhlanu uhambo emhlabeni, wagcwalisa esingaphezu konyaka ngaphambi indiza adumile "Graf Zeppelin". WeJubili esiliva uhlamvu lwemali enesisindo amagremu amabili nanhlanu kanye ububanzi of amamilimitha angu amathathu nesikhombisa wawenziwa womqophi abadumile German kanye umdwebi Franz Krishkerom. obverse layo laqanjwa ehlotshiswe isithombe okhozi German yasebukhosini, kulandele emaphethelweni igama lezwe elikhiphe - oMbusi German. Futhi phezu reverse isithombe ngokwaso wawusegunjini ngqo edume indiza ezindizayo phezu wonke.

Ngemva kokufika kuyanda Reichsmark zamaNazi ukuba zisho ukuthi amandla baqala ngokushesha ukuqiniswa. Futhi ukuze abe ngomunye lwemali enokwethenjelwa kakhulu eYurophu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngeshwa, ukhuluma ngani eJalimane, akunakwenzeka ukuziba kwesikhathi amnyama futhi omubi zeminyaka 1933-45. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi ayesekhona isamba esikhulu okuthiwa umsebenzi amamaki. Nokho, lesi sihloko ifanelwe wokutadisha ngokujulile futhi ngokuphelele, okuyinto ayikuvumeli ukuba sifeze format kwalesi sihloko.

Ngemva kokuphela i sibhicongo zonke ukuphuma Okwesibili Umhlaba elisemandleni ukubhema amanxiwa izwe laqala ukuba afeze kwekuhlela kabusha komphakathi kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kwezomnotho okwenzeka emhlabeni wonke, umlobi wawo wawuvame ukuba usosayensi German futhi esinye sezikhulu zezombangazwe esidumile Ludwig Erhard. Cishe owodwa eyishumi, lezi zinguquko empilweni German wabuya eJalimane e nemibuso yezwe ehola.

Twentieth Juni 1948, unyaka ka umsakazo isizwe-wide Erhard kukhanselwe ukusebenza kwakhe lokulawula uhulumeni phezu Ngentengo isuswe iningi iziqondiso zokuphatha, okuyinto kakhulu kungagcini nenkululeko emakethe.

Khona-ke ngobusuku Juni 21, 1948, unyaka kwamenyezelwa ukwethulwa lwemali entsha - Deutschmark. Zonke izakhamuzi Uthole brand new ezingamashumi amaholo, impesheni kanye Izinsiza kuhunyushwe ngesilinganiso 1: 1. Zonke izinkampani Uthole izimali ukukhokha amaholo wokuqala, futhi ngemva babefanele usebenze ngaphansi ngenzuzo yayo. Lokho kwakuyisiqalo impilo entsha zezomnotho eJalimane yeningi.

Kuzoqalwa nge-Ngomnyaka wamashumi omahlanu, Deutschmark akazange aguquke kulokho. Manje cishe wonke umuntu uyazi lapho lwemali eJalimane. Phela, eJalimane ingenye lamazwe ahamba phambili emhlabeni, "inhlokodolobha wezimali ka-Europe", njengoba uvame ukubizwa kanjalo, wayengomunye wabasunguli be-eurozone kanye Ukukhishwa lwemali united Europe.