Lokusungula Mayakovsky sika. Ihlaya ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky

Ayikho eminye imisebenzi yezimbongi Russian musa igcwele indida nokuhlekwa usulu, njengoba umsebenzi Vladimira Vladimirovicha Mayakovskogo. Ihlaya umbhali abukhali ngendlela engavamile, oluhlelwe ngezihloko futhi ikakhulukazi yezenhlalakahle ekuphumeleliseni leminqopho.

Imininingwane omlando womuntu

Mayakovsky ngekhaya laseGeorgia. Kwakulapho, edolobhaneni iBaghdad, futhi wazalwa ngomhla ka-July 17, 1893 imbongi esizayo. Ngo-1906, ngemva kokushona kukayise, wathuthela eMoscow nomama nodadewabo. Ngoba uhlangothi kwezombusazwe asebenzayo izikhathi eziningana ejele. Iphela le Stroganov School. Nakuba usengumfundi iqala ngendlela Futuristic ka Mayakovsky. Ihlaya - kanye okuthusayo ekuzenzeni iqhawe - iba lwentando izinkondlo zakhe.

Nokho, Futurism, nge umbhikisho walo nihilistic ayikwazanga ihlanganise ngokugcwele amandla agcwele amazwi umbhali sika Mayakovsky, kanye izindikimba izinkondlo zakhe ngokushesha baqala ukuya ngaphesheya isiqondiso abakhethiwe. Ziyanda wabo kwakuzwakala ku subtext nomphakathi. isikhathi Oku-wamavukelambuso izinkondlo Mayakovsky sika has izindawo ezimbili ezihlukene: accusatory, a satirical, evulekile bonke amaphutha kanye zamehlo Tsarist Russia; ebulalayo, kulandele ngokoqobo enyantisayo ebhubhisa umuntu emelela ekahle yelinyenti kanye nobuntu.

Ngakho, ukubhinqa ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky kusaqalwa kakhulu lokusungula uye zizoba isici esiphawula leli imbongi phakathi nabo workshop etemibhalo.

Kuyini Futurism?

Igama elithi "Futurism" lisuselwa futurum Latin, elisho "esikhathini esizayo." Ngakho ngokuthi avant-garde isiqondiso ekuqaleni XX leminyaka, libhekene uyaphika impumelelo esikhathini esidlule kanye nesifiso ukudala into ngokuphelele entsha kwezobuciko.

Izici Futurism:

• Anarchy nokuvukela.
• Ukuphikisa nakumasiko.
• Ukutshala inqubekelaphambili nokwengamela ukuqhutshwa umkhakha.
• Okuthusayo bokubanga.
• Kuphikisa imithetho emisiwe versification.
• Ukuhlolwa emkhakheni izinkondlo imvumelwano, isigqi, gxila iziqubulo.
• Ukudalwa amagama amasha.

Zonke lezi zimiso ayikwazanga kangcono kuveziwe embikweni okhuthaza izinkondlo of Mayakovsky. Ihlaya organically agelezela la ezintsha bese udala isitayela esiyingqayizivele umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya imbongi.

Kuyini ukubhinqa?

Ihlaya - indlela zezincazelo bokubeka ngokoqobo, ogama msebenzi siqukethe ekudaluleni, ihlaya, kanzima ukushaya ukugxekwa ga tetenhlalo letibalulekile. Ihlaya ngokuvamile isebenzisa ihaba futhi elibi ukwakha isithombe osontekile a yokwenza samuntu ohlangothini okunemibandela ugly ngokoqobo. Sici Its main - a liphinyiselwe Umbono ophambene okuvezwayo.

umumo yobuhle ukubhinqa kuyinto ukutshala eyinhloko amagugu neyobuntu: wothando, ubulungisa, iqiniso, ubuhle.

Ezincwadini isiRashiya, ukubhinqa inomlando omude, izimpande zawo zingatholakala kakade temdzabu, kamuva bathuthela edolobhaneni amabhuku sibonga A. P. Sumarokovu, DI Fonvizin, nabanye abaningi. Ngo XX leminyaka amandla ukubhinqa Mayakovsky engenakuqhathaniswa izinkondlo.

Ihlaya evesini

Kakade kusaqalwa Vladimir Mayakovsky wabambisana omagazini "Satyricon okusha" futhi "Satyricon." Ihlaya kwesikhathi zothando, has a-plaque kanye sibhekiswe onxiwankulu. izinkondlo Early imbongi ngokuvamile kuqhathaniswa Lermontov ngenxa kokuphikisa umlobi "Mina" umphakathi ezizungezile, ngenxa evelele ukuvukela isizungu. Nakuba bethule kusobala ukuthi ukubhinqa kwabantu Mayakovsky. Amavesi eduze izilungiselelo Futuristic, original kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo kukhona: "Bheka ufana!", "Hymn to usosayensi", "Hymn to kumahluleli," "Hymn to kwakusihlwa," njll Kakade kakhulu isihloko umsebenzi, ikakhulukazi "izihlabelelo", wezwa indida ...

lokusungula Post-wamavukelambuso Mayakovsky evele eshintsha orientation yayo. Manje izinhlamvu wakhe - hhayi wobunxiwankulu bondlekile, kanye izitha inguquko. Tinkondlo kuthiwa kwahambisana amabhanela umkhankaso amaphosta, sibonakalisa izinguquko ezizungezile. Kube imbongi wazibonakalisa njengoba umculi, kwazise abantu abaningi umsebenzi lalinabashumayeli emgqeni nemigwalo. Lezi amaphosta Bangene uchungechunge "amafasitela UKUKHULA". izinhlamvu zabo - abalimi kokunganaki futhi tisebenti Abamhlophe kanye nonxiwankulu. amaphosta Abaningi sola izenzo ezimbi besikhathi sethu, awasalayo kusukela ekuphileni kwangaphambili, njengoba umphakathi post-wamavukelambuso kubonakala Mayakovsky enhle, futhi zonke izinto ezimbi kulo - izinsalela esidlule.

Phakathi imisebenzi edume kakhulu, okuyinto ifinyelela ukubhinqa yayo umvuthwandaba Mayakovsky -. Inkondlo "Prozasedavshiesya", "On the kudoti" "Inkondlo we Butcher ka Baba futhi ngesilinganiso ububanzi" Imbongi isebenzisa elibi ukudala izimo ayinangqondo futhi ngokuvamile yenza ehlakaniphe izikhundla kanye nekucondza ngalokufanako ngokoqobo. Zonke amandla ukubhinqa Mayakovsky okuhloswe ngaso eneka kwamaphutha kanye sengozini zomhlaba.

Ihlaya ku kudlala

Ihlaya e lokusungula Mayakovsky sika akugcini izinkondlo, ke ukuvela ku play, ekubeni bona umqondo-isikhungo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kubo - kungcono "Ukulungiswa" futhi "okugeza."

Umdlalo "Banya" ebhalwe ngo-1930, futhi kusukela ngo-kwencazelo uhlobo yayo iqala indida lombhali, "idrama ezenzweni eziyisithupha kakhulu esekisini kanye iziqhumane." Iphikisana umelene kuya Pobedonosikova olusemthethweni kanye umsunguli Chudakov. Ngokwaso umkhiqizo ibonwa lula futhi kumnandi, kodwa kuwumshikashika nge nenchubokuphatsa ongenangqondo futhi ononya. udlala ingxabano isixazululiwe kakhulu ukumane: kusukela Ngokuzayo ifika "wali band owesifazane" futhi kuthatha okungcono lwesintu kanye naye lapho, lapho kukhona ubukhomanisi, futhi nosaziwayo ukuhlala nge lutho.

Umdlalo "Ukulungiswa" kwalotshwa ngo-1929, futhi ngo-nemizana yalo Mayakovsky ezilwa philistinism. I protagonist, Pierre Skripkin, ngemva komshado uwela ngokuyisimangaliso esikhathini esizayo lamaKhomanisi. Akunakwenzeka ukuba awaqonde ngokucacile ubuhlobo ezweni Mayakovsky. Ihlaya imbongi waphakamisela ihlekisa amaphutha ayo: umsebenzi owenziwa imishini, sithanda iqedwe ... Skripkin lapha kubonakala umuntu ephila kakhulu futhi kuyiqiniso. Ngaphansi kwakhe umphakathi nethonya kancane kancane uqala ziwohloke.

isiphetho

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky baba ozokwenza okufaneleko emasikweni Saltykov-Shchedrin, futhi uN V Gogolya. I ngalokufanako ngetinkondlo nemidlalo nguye ophethe ukubone ngokuthe ngqo yonke "Izilonda" nemibi umbhali emphakathini wanamuhla. Ihlaya ngemisebenzi Mayakovsky has a focus evelele ekulweni philistinism, onxiwankulu, nenchubokuphatsa, le engenangqondo zomhlaba nemithetho yayo.