Lapho ukutshala ubhekilanga emhlabathini evulekile. Indlela ukutshala imbewu sunflower

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi kukhona ikhadi lokubika - imbewu iphonswe phansi, futhi ubhekilanga lakhula. Kodwa akubona bonke ngakho elula. Ngisho ukutshala lokhu izitshalo undemanding efana sunflower, has ubuchwepheshe lalo. Futhi kuphela uma unamathele, ungathola yi ezinhle ekupheleni kwesizini.

Indlela ukhule ube sunflower

nicer Okuningi ukudla imbewu sunflower, etshalwa ngezandla zabo. Hhayi-ke, uma isiteshi kokwehla uzobe elise kude emgwaqweni omkhulu, khona-ke izinto eziyingozi imbewu kokuqendwa kuyoba njengoba encane ngangokunokwenzeka. Yini okufanele yenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala ubhekilanga kuleli zwe?

Okokuqala, khetha inhlabathi. Okungcono kakhulu, uma isikhunta, kodwa futhi inhlabathi okwaziyo futhi sandy. Sebekubeke akunakwenzeka ukutshala imbewu ngalo obumbeni inhlabathi - isikhathi uzobe esichithekayo. Futhi siqiniseke ukuba sifake banakekele amanzi okuhle, kungenjalo nje abolele sunflower inhlabathi olumanzi ngokweqile.

Okwesibili, kudingeka unqume kulokho ukubeka kangcono ukutshala isitshalo. Igama sunflower liyazikhulumela. Yiqiniso, indawo kufanele uzovulelwa kwema- ukushisa imisebe, ngoba lesi sitshalo uthanda ilanga. Ehlobo ashisayo, ne ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela isifinyelele amamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Lapha Yebo, kubalulekile ukuba banamathele isikhathi, isikhathi sokutshala ubhekilanga.

Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukuba inhlabathi. Nokho ukubeka izitshalo endaweni lapho ngaphambili wakhula ummbila, ukolo, uphizi, ubhontshisi. Le nhlabathi kuyoyicebisa nazo zonke microelements kunesidingo. Kubalulekile ukususa zonke ukhula kusukela endaweni ekhethiwe ngaphambi boarding.

Kufanele engiwulalelayo ikhalenda kwenyanga?

Abalimi abaningi ngaphambili kokuthi unqume isikhathi sokutshala ubhekilanga turning ikhalenda kwenyanga. Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa ukuthi isitshalo izitshalo, okuyinto yabhalwa kuyadingeka, lapho inyanga liyakhuphuka. Uma izinga lokushisa emoyeni nsuku zonke ifinyelela 10-12 degrees kufanele sibheke ikhalenda kwenyanga. Uma inyanga lukhula, sekuyisikhathi ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Njengoba for izithombo, lapha udinga ngicabanga kungazelelwe kusengaphambili, cishe phakathi kuka-Ephreli (izinsuku ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala emhlabathini).

indawo lelungiselelwe futhi inhlabathi - lokhu kuyigxathu. Manje imbewu.

Ukukhetha imbewu

Imakethe inikeza izinhlobo ezimbili imbewu zokutshala: ezivamile kanye nzalo, ezikhonjiswe letiletfwa ngema- F1. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwalokhu?

Ngokungafani ezivamile imbewu hybrid ungashiyi "inzalo". Lokhu kusho imbewu esezikhulile ingasetshenziswa hhayi ngonyaka olandelayo yokutshala uze ukwazi ukuvuna. Kodwa zikhona izinzuzo. Bakhetha nalabo balimi abafuna ukuqoqa isivuno ocebile kulo nyaka, hhayi sikhule imbewu okutshalwe esilandelayo. Amaphesenti ukuhluma sunflower nzalo imayelana 80%, kanti imbewu ezivamile - 60% kuphela.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphezu isivuno ukumelana nzalo ezinhle isifo, lokho akusho ukuthi wesaba umswakama, akusho sidilike.

Yikuphi wensimu grade sunflower ukhethe ukuzinqumela. Ezinye imbewu ekahle uhlobo oluthile inhlabathi, abanye sikhule ngendlela ehlukile zone zezulu, abanye nazo zonke izimo, kodwa ayabiza kakhulu.

Indlela ukutshala imbewu sunflower

Kakade ekuqaleni May, nezinga lokushisa nsuku zonke ngokuvamile ifinyelela degrees 10. Kuziwa isikhathi isikhathi sokutshala ubhekilanga emhlabathini evulekile.

I preformed imigodi nenhlabathi ejulile ka mayelana 5 cm (ezindaweni ezisenyakatho namanje plus 3 cm). Ibanga phakathi kude cishe 40 cm phakathi imigqa - nguhhafu imitha. Omunye imbobo 2 noma 3 imbewu etshaliwe. Uma izinga lokushisa avareji nsuku zonke ifinyelele degrees 10-12, amahlumela zokuqala avele emva kwezinsuku 8-10. Kodwa kungenzeka ukutshala ubhekilanga esikhathini esidlule. Nokho, nge lokushisa emini ka 6-8 degrees izithombo ziqala ukuvela kuphela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 futhi kudingeka ukutshala imbewu lishonile kunesikhumba 5 cm.

Futhi kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ayisekho zihlume amahlumela sunflower, aba maningi amathuba okuba ukuthi baye spoilt noma ubhujiswe izinyoni namagundane. Ngakho-ke, imbewu zalesi sitshalo never ngamaphesenti ayikhulu ukuhluma.

Nakhu ukuthi ukutshala imbewu sunflower e ekhanyayo. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi isitshalo batshale izithombo.

Lapho ukutshala ubhekilanga izithombo

Ezingeni lokushisa elilingana amahlumela zokuqala avele ngemva kwesonto. Kodwa kuze kube yilapho kufika isikhathi lapho itshalwe emhlabathini, sunflower Kufanele sikhule. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha engcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu zalesi sihlahla kusengaphambili ezingu-20 ngaphambi kokufika kusayithi.

Indlela ukutshala imbewu sunflower izithombo? Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka alungiselele ekhethekile Peat izimbiza, ngamunye okuyinto ukusakaza imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili. Esikhundleni izimbiza ungathatha plastic izinkomishi zalutho. Ukuze izithombo ezinhle kungcono ukusebenzisa eliphezulu mhlabathi omnyama umquba.

Kubalulekile ukuthi indawo lapho kuyoba khona izithombo, kwadingeka ukukhanyisa ezanele. Uma emini ngeke zingene kancane ke amagciwane enwetshiwe, ziba mhlophe, zibe buthakathaka futhi mncane. Kusukela yisithombo cishe ngeke bakwazi ukuqoqa isivuno esihle sunflower.

ukunakekela izitshalo

Lapho nje amahlumela zokuqala, isikhathi sokuqala Ukukhipha sunflower. Njengoba yayo imbewu kokwehla noma izithombo phansi ukuvuna okudingeka uyenze izitshalo okungenani ezintathu ukwelashwa ukhula. Lapha-ke nje futhi ngeke baqonde indlela ukutshala ubhekilanga. Ibanga phakathi kwazo kumele kwanele ukuze Ukukhipha futhi lula hhayi izimbali obmelchali. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala izimbali Kunconywa ukuba uhlukane amaqabunga aphansi kuze kube cap, ukuze imbewu uthole umswakama owanele futhi ayengafuni ukuphunyukwa awunalutho.

Ngemva Ukuhlakula ukhula kuqala futhi ngaphambi zom isitshalo kufanele avundiswa. Konke kuncike isikhathi sokutshala ubhekilanga. ukuvundiswa Okokuqala kwenziwa cishe inyanga emva kokutshala, kwesibili - enkathini efanayo yesikhathi. Okokuqala kungcono ukuthatha Umanyolo ephelele, bese sikwazi ukubeka umkhawulo wokuthi izitshalo nitrogen-phosphorous ezikhuluphalisiweyo.

Sunflower ayithandi amanzi, ngakho ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthi ukutshala ubhekilanga kuleli zwe, kufanele makudle izindawo lapho inhlabathi ngeke yome ngokushesha. Ukuze uthole okuhle sokuvuna umkhiqizo anele ezintathu isizini ngenkasa: Ngokushesha ngemva ukuhluma, ngaphambi zom futhi ngesikhathi imbewu nokuvuthwa.

Isikhathi ukuvuna

Lapho ubhekilanga liye landa, futhi lokhu kwenzeka cishe izinyanga ezintathu emva kokutshala, singakwazi sokuvuna kuphela. Kodwa ngesikhathi lapho kuze kube imbewu yokuvuthwa isikhathi esincane kakhulu, lesi sitshalo ehlaselwa izinyoni. Bese kuthi-ke umbuzo ophakamayo, ukutshala imbewu sunflower okhule lesi sitshalo ngaphansi wadalula zamabhomu izinyoni?

Ngokucacile, nge indawo isayithi zokutshala cha lamula, kubalulekile ukuba makudle emhlabathini omuhle; kuthe ilanga okugcwele. Kodwa lapha ungagcina isivuno, usebenzisa amaqhinga zobuqili. Ngemva sunflower ashwabene saqala uvuthwe imbewu, kubalulekile ukuba tie umqhele zalesi sihlahla. Ukuze Kulokhu amanetha efanelekayo yokudoba anezikhala esihle kakhulu, gauze, mncane ukotini Indwangu. Kodwa yini edingekayo ukuze ugweme iseluleko esibi phezu ukuthi bopha inhloko polyethylene sunflower. Ukuze ukhule ngokugcwele badinga imbewu emoyeni kanye imbewu sunflower esikhwameni esivalwe nje spoilt.

Yini ethonya indlela yalokho okuhle?

Ngenxa efingqa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi zonke nomphumela ofanayo ukuze isivuno kulindeleke ekupheleni kwesizini.

1. Sunflower ikhula kahle ezindaweni ivulekele kwema- kwelanga on nenhlabathi chernozem noma sandy nge amanzi anele.
2. I indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa ukukhetha imbewu. izinga kangakanani kuncike ekutheni ukuhluma amahlumela kanye ukumelana nezifo kanye izinambuzane.
3. Kufanele wazi isikhathi sokutshala ubhekilanga endaweni evulekile imbewu emhlabathini kanye izithombo.
4. Isibalo kwezitshalo ubhekilanga kuthinta iqophelo ukunakekelwa, okungukuthi, Ukuhlakula ukhula ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuthambisa, efaka umquba umquba, isivikelo ekuhlaseleni inyoni.
5. Uma ubhekilanga iqala ukuze ome futhi ugebisa ikhanda emhlabathini - sekuyisikhathi imivuzo umsebenzi wabo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imbewu sesivuthiwe futhi sesilungele ukudla e ifomu eluhlaza noma emva kokwelashwa ukushisa.