Hip Kwamathambo: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa, Sifo

hip kwamathambo abantu besifazane e amadoda incipha enamandla. By the way, avame kusukela lesi sifo uhlushwa wobulili bubuhle phakathi kwabadala. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwamathambo we-hip kufanele wazi kuqala bonke abesifazane. Ngokuvamile kuholela waphuka sokugembula. Futhi, zingase zibe khona ezinye izimpawu-calcium ukuntula emzimbeni.

Siyini ngempela lesi sifo

Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwamathambo we-hip bebelokhu baziwa isikhathi eside. Lesi sifo izinguquko sokugembula e bone izicubu. ukuhlukumeza okunjalo kwenzeka uma ukuntula calcium ne phosphorus. Ngenxa yalokho, kwanciphisela enamandla, anda ingozi waphuka futhi ukulimala. Ukuze isiguli siqala ephakamisa eziyingozi, kanye falling ngisho endaweni ephakeme ongaphakeme.

Lesi sifo has futhi amanye amagama: "ingilazi" noma kwamathambo ehlasela umzimba. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo kwenzeka endaweni eyodwa, futhi kancane kancane basakazekela kwezinye izindawo emzimbeni.

Joint hip eqala umthwalo kokubili imvelo static futhi ashukumisayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kuyinto emnyangweni of the system zemisipha ngokuvamile ngaphansi ezihlukahlukene ukulimala. Ngakho, ukwa entanyeni TBS kuholela immobilization ucishe uphelele, futhi kwasebekhulile futhi ekufeni.

Kungani lesi sifo kwenzeka

Ngokuvamile lakhukhula ithambo izicubu amaseli, okwandisa lungamandla abo, kungenxa ezinye iziyaluyalu umzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, it incipha emzimbeni nosawoti amaminerali. Phakathi kwezimbangela hip kwamathambo wukunikeza:

• ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni hormone;
• nokuntuleka vitamin D, okwenzeka nge kwelanga lokungakeneli ekwindla nasebusika;
• yobudala isici, lapho lesi sifo iqala ukuba bathuthuke umsebenzi we nezindlala parathyroid, futhi okuthile okungavamile umzimba umzimba;
• ukungondleki kahle, okuholela nesenzakalo calcium ne phosphorus ukuntula;
• menopausal kwehle uketshezi estrogen;
• imikhuba emibi: ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, izidakamizwa, nokubhema;
• nezici ezithile lezinceku sifo;
• iziyaluyalu azalwa naso, kuhlanganise kunciphisa owodwa zokwenziwa, ukugobeka komhlandla, dysplasia ezinganeni, njll.;
• ukuhlinzwa esihlobene nokukhishwa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezitho zangaphakathi;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa uyakwazi ezishaywayo calcium namaminerali, isibonelo, izidakamizwa anticonvulsant, isisu kanye corticosteroids.

Ezinye izibalo

Uma kungenzeka wazi ngokuningiliziwe cabanga izibalo lwesifo:

• 45% of isifo ezifana kwamathambo, kuthinta ngokuhlanganyela hip kunawo wonke;
• 90% entanyeni hip ngokuhlanganyela ubuqotho ukwephulwa kungenxa ekuthuthukiseni kwamathambo;
• cishe 8% azo zonke izimo, ngemva ukwa entanyeni, iziguli babuyiselwa ekuphileni okuvamile;
• emva esephule entanyeni hip ubuqotho ngokuhlanganyela cishe u-75% kuzo zonke izimo umuntu uba ekhubazekile, futhi abangaba ngu-20% of the iziguli ngife ngenxa yokulimala.

Lokhu kwakubangelwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo esibalwa wesine ohlwini sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Ukufa lesiguli kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala noma wesibeletho hip ukwa. Lesi sifo wawungaphansi okuholela endaweni sikashukela, umdlavuza izifo kanye iziyaluyalu inhliziyo kuphela.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kwandisa ingozi yokulimala bone waphuka, okuyiqembu TBS: acetabulum, elisoGwini ingxenye amathambo okhalo, epiphysis femoral, nokunye.

Izimpawu ze-hip kwamathambo

Ngokuvamile echazwe lesi sifo cishe akukho izimpawu. Nokho, lapho kubhujiswa kancane kancane amathambo kwenzeka njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuhlukanisa ithambo amaseli - osteoblasts - musa sikhiqize. Izimpawu zesifo ziqala ukuvela ngemva kwesikhashana. Futhi, njengoba ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho ingxenye yesithathu yabantu osteoblast uyeke ukusebenza.

Ukuthuthukiswa yisiphi isifo kungatholakala kuphela ekunqumeni izici nokucupha kanye nezimpawu ezihambisana. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuhlungu kwamathambo we ngokuhlanganyela hip kuyagcinwa:

• ngezihluthu senyonga, icala langasezantsi libe ne okwandisa umthwalo (ekuthuthukiseni ekunciphiseni isifo iyakhula);
• ku ezinqeni imbilapho - okungazelelwe.

Ubuhlungu ziyahlukahluka. Kungenzeka esingamahlalakhona noma oyingozi. Ubuhlungu kwanda ukucindezeleka futhi uphumule liyancipha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona izinguquko Gait - isiguli uzama ukuqeda umuzwa ukungakhululeki. Lesi sifo libhekene ukungabi khona kanye izici ebangela ubuhlungu, futhi ubuthongo, kanye Ukuwohloka isimo jikelele.

Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa hip kwamathambo eziye zahlolisiswa iminyaka eminingi. Futhi ngesikhathi udokotela, iziguli kaningi esekhala ukukhathala, ukucasuka, ukucindezeleka, kwehle ukukhubazeka. ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 izimpawu zokuqala zesifo isiguli bangezwa ubuthakathaka emlenzeni.

Yiziphi ubukhulu nezifo zenziwa

Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwamathambo hip kuxhomeke nesigaba lesi sifo. Umehluko omkhulu itholakala izinguquko sokugembula zikhonjwe inqubo yokuhlola. Okwamanje kukhona 4 degrees kwamathambo hip:

1. Kulesi sigaba, isiguli kuphela izinsolo phezu kokugula.
2. Kukhona ifomu omnene kwamathambo.
3. Lesi sifo iba evelele.
4. Ibonisa izimpawu zokugula ezinzima.

Kangakanani uphethwe kwamathambo TBS

Izimpawu ze-hip kwamathambo, ngeshwa, hhayi njalo avumele isikhathi ukuhlonza isifo, ngakho uma noma yiziphi izimpawu ngaphambili efakwe ohlwini elandelayo izifundo ziqhutshwa:

• MRI - ukunquma indawo esiqondile ekamelweni cleaner in the bone.
• Densitometry - indlela zokuxilonga, okuyinto kuthola ifomu sokuqala lesi sifo, ngu yokulinganisa kwamathambo.
• Fluoroscopy - eyodwa yezindlela etholakalayo sifo, kodwa okuyinto kuleli cala has ukuzwela aphansi. Anqume isifo can kuphela ngemva kokulahlekelwa 30% of amathambo abo mass.
• Ukuhlaziya umchamo futhi igazi. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa Ihlahlubo ukunquma inani phosphorus kanye le-calcium egazini, futhi serum ane-alikhali phosphatase, insulin, parathormone-thyroxine, izinga le-estrogen bese cortisol.

Siqhathanisa Imiphumela

Ukuze sitholakele isifo kuyadingeka ukuze ukubona izimpawu hip kwamathambo bone amaminerali kwabantu kuqhathaniswa ne imiphumela imingcele ethile:

• Kubhekwe izinga evamile T-isikolo +2,5 ukuze -1 ngeziphambeko isiqongo amathambo eqinile.
• Osteopenia. Lapho kwephula kuyinto T-score phakathi ngeziphambeko -1 futhi -2.5.
• Lokhu kwakubangelwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo. Kulokhu, T-score ngezansi -2.5 inkomba ukuphambuka.
• kwamathambo Sinzima. T-test inkomba ingezansi -2.5 ngeziphambeko. Kulokhu isiguli inomlando ezingaphezu kweyodwa ukwa.

Indlela therapy isifo

Indlela esiphatha ngayo kwamathambo hip? Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi futhi yokuthola izifo kuchaziwe zokugula, kubalulekile ukuba uqale ukwelapha lesi sifo ngokushesha ngemva uphethwe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukulimala nalesi sifo, kuba kancane ukuphola. Ukwelashwa futhi siqukethe eyinkimbinkimbi izinyathelo ezihlose uzowubuyisela izicubu, kanye nokuthuthukiswa stop isifo. Kulesi yokwelapha isifo wenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. hip ukwelashwa kwamathambo kuhlanganisa:

1. Imithi okuhloswe ngaso ingasheshi ukubhujiswa ithambo izicubu. Lezi amalungiselelo kufanele ukusiza ukuqeda izimbangela eziyinhloko lesi sifo, kanye kushiya izinqubo okuzivuselela.
2. Ekulondolozeni oyifunayo calcium ezingeni emzimbeni imithi futhi ikhambi ukuntula kavithamini D.
3. impumuzo umthwalo joint ezilimele, ukusetshenziswa ukuze athole ukwelashwa komzimba ukubuyisela lesiguli ithambo ngokuhlanganyela.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zindlela zokwelashwa we hip noma amadolo kwamathambo ngokuhlanganyela musa ihluke ubunjalo ukwelashwa zokwelapha echazwe izifo.

Izindlela of imithi yendabuko

kwamathambo zesikhashana we-hip nezinye izinhlobo zesifo ingelapheka uma ngesikhathi esifanele kudokotela. Ngo khona kwalezi pathologies angabelwa:

• ejenti steroid ukuthi kusebenze ithambo sokubuyiselwa izinqubo, isib, testosterone kusho "Raloxifene", "teriparatide" nokunye.
• izidakamizwa Antiresorptive ukuthi lihambe kancane ukubhujiswa kwezicubu ezakhiwa, njengomkhumbi "risedronate", "Alenronat", "Etildronat", "calcitonin".
• amalungiselelo kwama-hormone, okuvumela ukuqeda imbangela sifo, kanye ususe zonke hormone ulahlekile. ukuthaka imithi anjalo abelwa ukuhlaziya abesifazane ngesikhathi menopause nokuqothulwa umsebenzi zocansi. Bayakwazi ukubuyisela ezingeni progestins, androgens futhi estrogens.
• Imithi calcium, ukuvumela ukuqeda lokhu kusilela yezimbiwa ukubambezela izinguquko elimazayo, lokunciphisa izinhlungu. Uphelele "calcitonin", "Kaltreyt", "i-calcium gluconate".
• Vitamin D, metabolites yayo kanye. Ngokuvamile okunqunyiwe "Calcium D3", "Alfadol-Ca", "Natekal D3", "Akvadetrim".

Izindlela imithi ehlukile

Abanye ochwepheshe ukwamukela futhi ukwelashwa ethandwa ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo we-hip. Kuthathwa ukuba kwalokho okuhle ekwelashweni ezivamile lesi sifo. Nokho, bebodwa ukwamukela noma ukukhansela kwemithi enqunyiwe is hhayi Kunconywa. Kufanele bonana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ngokuvamile ukuncoma:

• Zifakwe Endaweni ethintekile cindezela, ka esakhiwa "Dimexidum" kanye nekufakwa imbiza comfrey. Inkambo yokwelashwa - kungakapheli amaviki engaphezu kwemibili.
• Indawo ngokuhlanganyela ezilimele lungakuthonya wamafutha nsuku zonke. Ukuze kulungiswe okugeza amanzi kumele ukufuthelana 50 g sonwele resin, 25 g ethusi sulfate kanye 150 g zamafutha omnqumo. Emva lwaluyophola, ingxube kwaphumela kumele wengeze 2 wezipuni onion juice.
• Thatha zokugeza efudumele. Ukuba alulaze emanzini decoction of willow namagxolo. Inqubo kufanele kube amaminithi 20.

ekuvimbeleni izifo

Noma yimuphi isifo kuba lula kakhulu ukuvimbela kuka ukuqeda imiphumela yayo. kuleli cala, izinyathelo zihlanganisa:

• Ukulawula Amandla. Ukudla kufanele kube khona ubukhulu kudingekile ukudla okune-fibre kanye amaprotheni. Kuyadingeka ukuba ngokuphelele ukuyeka utshwala kanye ukudla okunothe cholesterol. Njalo Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo njengengxenye okuyinto semali namaminerali. Futhi, ekudleni kufanele iqukathe ubisi.
• Kufanele kuthathe Vitamin izakhiwo kanye amaningi bethamele ilanga.
• Indlela Yokuphila kumele sisebenze. Nokho, kutuswa ukuba ugweme imithwalo esindayo.
• Kufanele wenze ukuzivocavoca obukhethekile hip kwamathambo. Lokhu ejimini iyakwazi ukunikeza umthwalo ashukumisayo. Futhi lapha kukhona umzimba for esikwazi ukuzivuselela nakalula. Lapho enza umzimba kufanele kugwenywe sindisa, ukunyakaza kungazelelwe futhi jerks.

uhlu umzimba

Ngokuba nokuvimbela kwamathambo we-hip ochwepheshe ngokuhlanganyela ukuncoma izivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• "Bicycle". Lala ngomhlane yakho bese wenze motion izinyawo isiyingi.
• Thola ezinamaphiko ezihamba ngazo zozine futhi evumelanisiwe phakamisa isandla sakhe sangakwesokudla nasemlenzeni kwesokunxele, bese ingalo kwesokunxele bese nomlenze wesokunene. Ngo ezinjalo esimweni kufanele imisiwe amasekhondi 8-10.
• Amanga ngohlangothi lwakho futhi phakamisa umlenze wakho phezulu. Bamba lesi sikhundla amasekhondi 10, bese kancane phenduka phesheya futhi benze umsebenzi kusukela umlenze wesibili.

Yini umhlahlo

Kuphela ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kudokotela futhi ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe ukuze ugweme ukuqhubeka TBS kwamathambo, yezinkinga zayo kanye nemiphumela. Uma uqala i-zisandakuqala imithi yokwelashwa isifo, amathuba okuthi yokutakula ukuhamba kuyoba kunalelo isixazululo kuhlinzwa yenkinga. Ngezinye ikhambi kwamathambo TBS has a chance kuphela ukuqaliswa zonke nemiyalelo wezokwelapha kanye nezincomo.

Ekupheleni

Ezimweni eziningi, TBS kwamathambo kwenzeka ngenxa Ongasinaki izinyathelo ezingasiza ukuvikela ithambo izicubu izinqubo eziningi sokugembula. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa sifo igcwele ukulahlekelwa ephelele ukuhamba, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela, futhi uma kukhona izimpawu kwamathambo TBS kufanele axhumane ngokushesha ne ochwepheshe. udokotela kuphela angakunika umuthi yokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuzelapha kwezinye izimo azinamphumela, futhi singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu nakakhulu.