Kuyini ubude ingemuva ezinganeni nakubantu abadala? Kanjani ingemuva kanye isebenza kanjani?

Ulwazi mayelana isakhiwo, umsebenzi we ingemuva ukunikeza abantu ithuba ngaphezulu ukuba baqonde indlela ngendlela umzimba lesi sifo, futhi ukufunda nezindlela zokuzelapha lezi zifo.

Uyini ingemuva

I ingemuva wumkhakha yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini. GI ehlanganisa umlomo, pharynx, emphinjeni, esiswini, amathumbu ezincane nezinkulu. Usayizi esihle mayelana ezinhlanu amamitha. Yena iwela emathunjini ezinkulu, owokugcina okuyinto uMnyango we ingemuva. Usayizi ke - akukho kuka amamitha nenxenye.

I ingemuva siyingxenye yokugcina emathunjini, kuyinto ephansi umnyango ukhalo.

It wathola igama layo ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi unesikhathi ijika okuncane.

Inkomba ye ukusebenza pheshana emathunjini iyona ingemuva. Usayizi, ubude bayo zizoshintsha kulo umuntfu lakhetsa kuphila ngato.

Ngo inqubo kokukhipha ingemuva processing kwemikhiqizo zomzimba womuntu ingenye indima ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukudlala. Kuyinto futhi umsebenzi kubaluleke wenza ngesikhathi uketshezi ukuncela.

On indlela ingemuva, incike isimo izibilini zomzimba.

Kuyini ubude ikholoni womuntu

Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa kuphela obakhathalelayo. Kuyini ubude ikholoni kubantu, kunqunywa ubudala. Njengoba zikhula zikhule cishe zonke izinhlaka. Ngokusekelwe lokhu, singakwazi impendulo eseduze kuphela embuzweni - ingemuva esingakanani. Ososayensi abonisa amanani ngokwesilinganiso kuphela. Ubude i colon womuntu omdala - kusuka ezintathu ayishumi nantathu amabili ngamasentimitha. Ingenye nesishiyagalombili ka ubukhulu aphansi pheshana emathunjini.

ikholoni ubude encane esanda kuzalwa silingane ubukhulu kwezinye izingxenye pheshana emathunjini. Odokotela kanye nabantu abadala, wazi kuphela ubukhulu eseduze. Amahlanu amamilimitha angu - ubude obuphakathi kwe-colon. Ngo bobubili ubulili lesintu kokungafani okukhulu ngenani akukho.

ingemuva

Uma sibheka ukwakheka ikholoni womuntu kunemibandela ihlukaniswe imfundo ezintathu:

• Perineum. It has imingcele ezine. Futhi umnyango ingemuva sehlukaniswe onxantathu ezimbili. Eyokuqala wabo - kuyinto urogenital. In amadoda, kuba isiteshi ukuchama. Ngo abesifazane, isiteshi, ngokulandelana, ijoyina sangasese. Unxantathu anal, kungakhathaliseki ubulili, iyona ingquza.
• Ingquza. Lena ingxenye yokugcina yaleli pheshana emathunjini bese ingemuva, ngokulandelana. zibukeke ndima imbobo like slot eliholela siteshi. ezingemuva kokuvula ukubukwa abamele zabo bobubili ubulili lihlukile. ingemuva Male like uphondo. Owesifazane - noma bushelelezi ngokuphelele futhi flat noma mabhamuza phambili.
• Isikhumba emhlabeni ingquza. It ahluke ngombala kusuka lonke epidermis. Futhi, esikhumbeni azungeze ingquza kakhulu esishwabene. Isizathu salokhu iyona sphincter zangaphandle. Ingquza has a ububanzi ngamasentimitha kwemithathu kuya kweyisithupha, ubude - abafinyelela kwabahlanu. Ingquza kanye ingemuva ifa imithambo yegazi kanye kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa, okuvumela ukuba alawule sezinyawo (indle nokususwa inqubo) umzimba.

sphincters

Thina ukuhlukanisa ingemuva sphincter ezimbili - okungalindelekile futhi ngokuzithandela. Eyokuqala ngaphakathi emzimbeni. It ukhonza njengelungu isihlukanisi Lesisemkhatsini bend futhi ekupheleni ingxenye ingemuva. Siqukethe uhlelo sphincter okungalindelekile kahle ku ezahlukene imisipha. Osayizi isukela nesigamu kuya ngamasentimitha emithathu nengxenye. In amadoda, i sphincter okungalindelekile mkhulu kunokhalo ukuthi Engxenyeni fair lesintu.

sphincter ngokungenasizathu engaphandle. He is ngaphansi kokulawula indoda. I sphincter kuyinto imisipha striated, esukela imisipha perineum. Usayizi - kusukela kwabaneminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya kwangu amahlanu.

Izici kanye nobude ingemuva kwabesifazane

Ukuqhathanisa anatomy bobubili ubulili, umehluko ezinkulukazi zitholiwe. Ubude ingemuva e kokubili amadoda nabesifazane ngokufanayo. Nokho, Engxenyeni ababuthakathaka lwesintu, kukhona eziningi umehluko yokwakheka.

Emzimbeni owesifazane lo ingemuva itholakala iseduze sangasese, futhi yafakwa phambi kwakhe. Yiqiniso, kukhona ungqimba phakathi kwazo. Nokho, kuyinto mncane ukuze sikwazi ukumelana yokufuduka ubovu nezinqubo neoplastic komunye isitho kwenye.

Uma sicabangela lezi zici zesifazane yokwakheka ubulili bubuhle ngokuvamile uhlushwa fistula rectovaginal. Ziyakwazi umphumela ukuhlukumezeka noma izinyembezi ezinzima isizalo bokubeletha.

imisebenzi

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we ingemuva - iyona ukuqedwa udoti kusuka emzimbeni. inqubo sokuzikhulula kulawulwa umqondo womuntu.

Ngakusasa umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emva ukususwa indle kuyinto ukumuncwa uketshezi. Mayelana ezine amalitha amanzi ngosuku emuva ku-umzimba womuntu phakathi kwenqubo, ngokucindezela olubi nokuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni ka indle. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, le mucosa rectal sucks amaminerali kanye izakhi trace futhi ngaleyo ndlela kushintsha ngibabone.

Futhi, kwesigubhu has a umsebenzi ikholoni womuntu. Lokhu kuchazwe kanje: indle eqoqwe endaweni amathumbu isitsha. Ngenxa yalokho, sicindezelwa nodonga lwawo. Bona owelula ngiyibona emsipheni sisetshenziswa, okubonisa isidingo eqala ukuhamba wamathumbu.

Ngenxa ukubaluleka kwayo le ingemuva liyadingeka ukuze isebenze kahle. Nanguya kakhulu sensitive tinhlobo letehlukene imizwa ebuhlungu futhi uthi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqunjelwa kwenza abantu bakuphathe stasis fecal. Futhi lokhu, esikhundleni salokho, kuholela ukudakwa zomzimba womuntu. Futhi ekupheleni ukuvutshelwa zokudla okusemathinini angase emathunjini aziphumulele.

Umsebenzi ingemuva

Njengoba sekushiwo, umsebenzi oyinhloko we ingemuva - a excretion fecal, ubuthi kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi ezivela umzimba womuntu. Kusukela ukusebenza kwawo efanele kuncike ukusebenza lonke isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Esikhathini ingemuva zonke izinto ezingafuneki buthelela, bese okukhiphayo.

Endabeni ka ukungasebenzi zonke imfucumfucu ibole, lubuthana futhi ngaleyo ndlela ushevu umzimba. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha impilo ingemuva.

Evamile, umsebenzi we ingemuva sehlukaniswe static kanye ashukumisayo. Eyokuqala ekuqongeleleni kanye nokugcinwa indle kanye izinto eziyingozi. Lapho indle eqoqwe esiswini, futhi kuya kuba ebanzi, emphethweni mucosal zinwetshwe. izinto ezilimazayo ngenxa benching anal nezindonga uvalwe onomfutho, igcwalisa ubude yonke we-colon. Photo ngenhla liqukethe ulwazi mayelana kokuqondisa ukuqedwa kwabo. A ukukhululwa okuvele emathunjini imfucuza amagesi ukuvimbela sphincter bendunu.

umsebenzi Dynamic zanqwabelana ekususeni izinto eziyingozi ezivela umzimba womuntu. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi sokuzikhulula sokuzikhulula. Okwamanje uma kumele kwenzeke, is ezalethwa kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa. Kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu nesifiso sokufuna azikhulula, kanye ingemuva empeleni awunalutho. izimo ezinjalo zenzeka lapho umuntu engena ngobugebengu umsebenzi pheshana emathunjini. Ezimweni eziningi, lokho kubonisa ukuvela noma ukuthuthukiswa ezihlukahlukene nezifo.

Vices ka ikholoni womuntu

Ngeshwa, ingemuva ukukhubazeka ukuthuthukisa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Izizathu kungaba ezahlukahlukene, bese uzibhala kwenza akukho mqondo. Ikakhulu abathintekayo izigaba ezimbili esiswini - kuba perineum futhi ingquza. ukukhubazeka Evame kakhulu:

• Stenosis (ukuvaleka).
• Cloaca.
• Atresia (imperforate).
• Fistulas - a ukuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona.

kombungu esizalweni ngaphandle fistula kumiswa kukhona lubonakale emva kokubelethwa, phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala. Isizathu salokhu isifo yiyona encane permeability emathunjini. Izimpawu angelasici kubhekwe ukungayinaki ukudla, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye overexcited.

udokotela ingquza Imperforate ibona ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa. Nokho, ucwaningo ngeke yadingeka ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe. Ngokuvamile, le nkinga is phetho ukwakheka fistula ngesikhathi ukuxhuma noma uhlelo genitourinary. Izimpawu ezisemqoka - Ukuhoxiswa indle ngokusebenzisa sangasese. Kakade ngesisekelo osayizi abathile, udokotela ekunika imithi yokwelashwa. fistula inkinga itholakala lapho esebenzisa-X-ray izifundo. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "fistulography".

It wenziwa udokotela, radiologist, kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo. Ucwaningo lwenziwa, umbiko kokuba ukusabela iguliswa iodine. Ngaphambi inqubo ye fistula usebenzisa isipetu ubonisa elikuqukethe. isiteshi Fistulous wageza. Okulandelayo, ipayipi fistula ufakwa umgodi, okuyothi ngalo medium umehluko injected (equkethe iodine). Umthamo uketshezi radiopaque incike ubukhulu isiteshi fistula. Enesibopho zigcwaliswe ngokuphelele Ngokuphambene ophansi.

Ngemva isingeniso fistula ukuvulwa ivaliwe bese livalwa nge usimende gauze ibhola. X-ray kwenziwa. izidakamizwa radiopaque isusiwe, noma ngokuzenzakalelayo elandelayo. Kwezinye izimo, le nokwamukeleka inqubo ngaphansi izinzwa.

Endabeni ekuxilongweni bessvischevoy atresia, ngokushesha le ngane wathumela sokusingatha. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa is imisiwe ize umntwana eseneminyaka emibili. Lezi zihlanganisa fistula lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye vestibular. Ngaphambi kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu edingekayo, ingane sidla ngokuhambisana uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla, okuhlanganisa ukudla ezinethonya laxative. Ikhona inhlangano wamathumbu kwenzeka nge enemas.

Pathology njengoba ukuvaleka we ingemuva sitholakale ngokusebenzisa proktografii futhi rectoscopy. Iningi kwelashwa Ukudla kanye nokudla ngokuvumelana kumba. Lesi sakamuva Sinikeza isingeniso isitho abathintekayo induku nezimo ziqinile ngenjongo esisuka emathunjini. Ibe ithuluzi njalo kwandisa ububanzi. Futhi ngaleyo ndlela kancane kancane esisuka imbobo kwenzeka ingemuva. Isibalo izinqubo kuyahlukahluka ngamunye.

Pathology ka cloaca azalwa naso kuthinta amantombazane kuphela. Lokhu kungapheleli simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: esiteshini evamile kuhlangene urethra, emomozini nobude yonke we-colon. Abesifazane ukuqeda le zokugula kungenzeka kuphela ngosizo ukuhlinzwa.

Ngokusekelwe izibalo eside, odokotela bephoqeleka ukuba bamukele iqiniso - sanoma yikuphi ukulimala kwe esiswini kubalulekile esiyingozi nomzimba womuntu. kubabangele Ikakhulukazi ne waphuka yangaphakathi. Kuphela ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kuchwepheshe uyosindisa izimpilo futhi akavumi ukuba ngokuphazamisa esikhathini esizayo.

Izimpawu izifo rectal

isifo ngasinye libhekene izimpawu ezithile. Noma kunjalo, kufanele usho izimpawu ezivamile.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimpawu kuyinto esiphuthumayo ukubona onguchwepheshe:

• Soreness e umsele bendunu.
• Siba nomuzwa into angaphandle ingemuva.
• Ukukhishwa kusukela ingemuva.
• Ukopha.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• incontinence fecal bese kuthi amagesi.
• ingquza ukulunywa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezinye izifo ingemuva kwenza babe okokuqala ngaphandle izimpawu.

Izifo nokwelashwa kwazo

Izifo ingemuva ngokungangabazeki umbuzo obuseduze kakhulu, okuyinto efanele kuphela ukuxoxa nge onguchwepheshe noma kothandekayo. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, indiva futhi abekezelele okusongelayo hhayi kuphela inkinga, kodwa futhi ebulalayo. A Ukuqalwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukwelashwa inikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu ukuba umuntu alulame ngokugcwele.

Common ikholoni isifo:

• Proctitis - yisishiso mucosa rectal. Uma lesi sifo umsuka emzimbeni womuntu, ngakho ngokushesha futhi ukubonakala kwezimpawu. Izibonakaliso proctitis zihlanganisa: uhudo, ubuhlungu, nesifiso sokufuna zamanga ukuba azikhulula, khona isikhwehlela kule sezinyawo negazi emithanjeni. Izimbangela ezinkulu kunazo zonke izifo eziningi. Inqubo ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekuqedeni izimpawu proctitis , nezimbangela zayo.
• Prolapse we ingemuva. Lesi sifo yaziwa nangokuthi "hernia". kuba nemibono ekhishwa ingemuva ngaphesheya ingquza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto ukukhiya eziphukile. Njalo prolapse rectal ephelezelwa ukopha. Ukwelashwa - esikhethwe kuthengiselana.
• ZaseLaki Anal. Izimpawu kuthiwa ukusika ubuhlungu ngesikhathi wamathumbu ukunyakaza, ukopha kabi ku sokuzikhulula ephelele. Xilonga ZaseLaki anal kungenzeka uma ulibuka inesikhala we-colon. Uma lesi sifo isidlulile ku esigabeni okungamahlalakhona, ukuphathwa uzodinga ukuhlinzwa.
• Polyposis - a izinhlangano okungezona anomdlavuza e mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we-colon. Lesi sifo akusho ibakhathaze indoda, futhi nje akusho ukuphawule. Polyposis osezithola ukulimala noma ekufinyeleleni osayizi enkulu. Lubonakaliswa esebenzisa ukopha bendunu. Ukwelashwa polyp kuyinto ukususwa kuhlinzwa.
• Coccygodynia - kunzima ukuxilonga ngoba ubuhlungu ingemuva kungukuthi luhambisana nobufakazi okubonakalayo ukubhujiswa kwalo. Activators zesifo - ukulimala kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe ezibangela le ingquza ukukhuphuka. Phakathi ukwelashwa coccygodynia nesineke azizwa nasengqondweni ungakhululekile, ngakho-ke sihlinzekela ebukhoneni owelapha, udokotela wezinzwa noma ohlinza izinzwa.
• Hemorrhoids - varicose emithanjeni we ingemuva, okungukuthi ku ingquza. Izimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-yezifo ingemuva - it is ukopha futhi ukulahlekelwa ISIZINDA kusukela ingquza. Futhi, ngaphandle izici ezingenhla hemorrhoids avele umqondo wamandla adonsela phansi khona nomzimba angaphandle kuleli ingemuva, ukulunywa, ukushiswa nokuphangwa ubuhlungu ingquza, sokuzikhulula ezibuhlungu. Lakhulisiwe izingxenye emithanjeni zithikameze excretion ejwayelekile indle, zalinyazwa thrombosing.

Izimbangela zesifo zihlukene: laxatives, ukusetshenziswa njalo enemas inzalo temlomo, ngokweqile inhlanzeko bendunu ekudleni, ubulili bendunu nobulili ngebhayisikili njalo, ugibele, isithuthuthu, ukukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sihlasela nabantu abakuphila imisebenzi kuwumsebenzi umzimba, isibonelo, abashayeli, program.

Okwamanje, ekwelapheni hemorrhoids has ezihlukahlukene. Endabeni ngayinye icala ngabanye, uchwepheshe ukukhethela inqubo oyifunayo okuzokwenza ukwelapha lesi sifo, futhi luzoncipha izinhlungu nokuphatheka kabi. Nokho, kuyafaneleka ukuthi lokho kuphulukisa okusheshayo nengebuhlungu kungenzeka kuphela lapho usaqala. Hemorrhoids ivame ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuzodingeka walala phezu kwetafula yokusebenza ngaphansi ngommese likadokotela ohlinzayo. Ngemva kokwenza imithetho enzima kwesikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

• Ithumba - a ukuvuvukala ubovu, okuholela zezicubu ezizungezile umsele bendunu. izici isici isifo - onesigqi ubuhlungu obuhlabayo ku perineum, uphawu anal ngokwengxenye, ububomvu zendawo imfiva. Ukwelashwa kwezifo ikholoni kungenzeka kuphela ngokususa operation kuhlinzwa. Futhi hhayi nje i kokungenela okusongelayo nje okungaqondile yokugula ekhulile kanye imfiva. paraproctitis Okungalapheki limelela fistula ingemuva, njengoba ukuvuvukala kuhambisana fistula, okuyinto ephula ngokusebenzisa amathumbu noma isikhumba endaweni bendunu. Kulesi sigaba yesifo ngokuphilisa ukwelashwa fistula esigabeni oyingozi futhi yokusebenza yayo ukuqedwa emva ukuvuvukala babe ngaphansi asebenzayo.
• Umdlavuza. Ngo uqobo, lesi sifo akusho ithemba, plus konke kuyingozi kakhulu ngenxa asymptomatic kusaqalwa. Izimpawu zokuqala indoda ithola ngesikhathi lapho isifo isivele wamshaya endaweni enkulu. izimpawu Cancer - ubuhlungu kanye nomzimba angaphandle ukuzwa e umsele bendunu. Phezu ukuthola lezi zibonakaliso isifo kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa ekwelapheni. Kungenxa nalesi, umuntu akufanele disparage isiphazamiso esincane kule ingquza noma ingemuva. Ningavilaphi futhi uxhumane nodokotela.

Kusekhona lenqwaba futhi ezihlukahlukene izifo ingemuva. Bona anizikhokheli njalo, kodwa akusho ukuthi mancane yingozi.