Kungani-Aral Sea bome: Izimbangela

Aral Sea kuyinto endorheic usawoti echibini elise-Asia Ephakathi, ukuba ngqo - emngceleni Uzbekistan naseKazakhstan. Kusukela ngo-eminyakeni engu-60 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ezingeni lamanzi olwandle, kanye lingakanani unqabe kakhulu. Kungani-Aral Sea bome? Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko. Ososayensi babonisa ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa ngenxa ukuphambukisa amanzi izidingo ezahlukene okuphakelayo emifuleni Syr Darya futhi Amu Darya.

amahlamvu amanzi

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Aral Sea ekuqaleni matasa indawo 4th ohlwini namachibi ngobukhulu. Nokho, kancane kancane, ichibi waqala wehlise ngosayizi. Kukholakala ukuthi isimo echibini Lezokulima abathintekayo. Phela, ukunisela ezindaweni ezinkulu isivuno adinga esiningi amanzi. Okwamanje, ne-Aral Sea uye esebohlile kusukela imingcele yayo yasekuqaleni ngo-100 amakhilomitha. Lokhu indawo zase ziphenduka ugwadule eyinyumba. Ochwepheshe basazama ukuthola ukuthi kungani Aral Sea bome, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuyimisa. Phela, into enjalo kuyinto yenhlekelele yemvelo.

Ezolimo kanye ne-Aral Sea

Kungani echibini ezomile ngokushesha kangaka? Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi amanzi efikayo isiteshi umfula siye emasimini, baba esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko. Phela, akusiyo njalo ecacile. Ngezikhathi, amanzi zemifula njengoba Syr futhi Amu fed izibulala-zinambuzane namakhemikhali athile, okuyizinto kwezolimo. Ngenxa yalokho, amadamu kwakhiwa ezifakwa ethize, ubude okuyinto angaba yizinkulungwane 54 amakhilomitha. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinto ezifana sodium sulfate, i-sodium chloride kanye sodium Bicarbonate, yasakazwa kanye nomoya. Lezi zingxenye kuthiye ukuthuthukiswa izitshalo yezolimo kanye nemifino.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ndawo yasemaphandleni uhlushwa izifo eziningi ezingelapheki zokuphefumula, kusukela umdlavuza emphinjeni kanye umphimbo, kanye nesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi kanye iziyaluyalu wokugaya ukudla. Muva nje, amacala izifo ocular, kanye izinso futhi isibindi izifo.

Amanzi eyanele kanye Inhlekelele yezindawo zemvelo

Eastern Aral Sea yomile ngokuphelele. Esinye sezizathu - ke emiseleni ngenkasa ukuthi Zithatha amanzi emifuleni. Ngenxa yalokho, nechibi ezincane. Ngisho noma abakule ndawo okuthathwe kuyo esikhulu, amanzi nje ongawamukeli amanzi. Kulesi isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa has a ubude amakhilomitha angamakhulu amaningana. Amanzi eyanele Kwenziwa ensimini ka emazweni amaningana. Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu kuholela ukunyamalala abanye abameleli yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

elula izibalo

Namuhla ziningi izincwadi iphepha ngeziqu esimnandi, njengokuthi "Kungani Aral Sea bome?" Isifingqo lezi emaphamfulethi yabakhanga, kodwa akukuniki isithombe esicacile. Ukuze uqonde imbangela, kubalulekile ukuze umbe ujule futhi ugxumela izinombolo zangempela. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani Aral Sea bome, kungakhathaliseki ukuyeka umsebenzi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhoxiswa amanzi ukunisela zikakotini kanye siwasebenzise kubo kusukela salting waqala ukuba kwenziwe ekuqaleni 60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha, futhi inflow amanzi kwesigubhu is kakhulu ziyancipha. Kodwa endaweni likhanyelwe embozwe ungqimba kasawoti, ngeke ukhule lutho.

Inkinga iba kwenye indawo. Amanzi Abstraction emifuleni ezifana Syr Darya futhi Amu Darya abangu esibonise ngaphambi ukufika kwalo ku-delta. Phela, ubukhulu endaweni eniselwayo lenyuka lisuka kwabangaba ezintathu amahektha kwezigidi eziyisikhombisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkasa izinhlelo sikude kakhulu nokuphelela: kuyinsakavukela kusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi salinisation kwenhlabathi iqhubeka. amanzi ahlanzekile, kudinga okungaphezulu kakhulu kokumane okwethulwa izibalo ukuthethwa kwecala. Yingakho-Aral Sea bome, eshiya ehlane okunosawoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa Ukuwohloka inhlabathi kakhulu ziyancipha ezithela ukotini. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandeni acreage. Ukuze Aral Sea ifinyelela esiphezulu 110 amakhilomitha intilibathwa yamanzi esuka imicengezi kokubili emifuleni.

Inzika kanye ne-Aral Sea

Akulula ukuphendula umbuzo kungani omisa Aral Sea ngakho. Isithombe esibonisa ukuthi kwesigubhu yehlile ngobukhulu nje kule minyaka embalwa edlule, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Ngokusho zokuma kwendawo, University of Michigan, futhi ochwepheshe Aral Sea, iphele Echibini kwakubangelwa imvula mancane. Kule minyaka edlule, inani iqhwa nemvula ezintabeni sesinciphe kakhulu. Lokhu kwamvulela ithuba lokunikeza ukwehla kwamazinga amanzi emifuleni.

umfula ugeleza

Kuye kungase kutholakale ukuthi Aral imingcele Sea likhuphuka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli kwesigubhu omisa okokuqala akukhona esikhathini sethu. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka engu-600. Lolu shintsho lwaqala ngesikhathi yokuthi omunye izingalo Amu Darya River waqala ukuqondisa notshwala kwabo yoLwandle iCaspian. Njengoba ungacabanga, lokhu kwaholela yokuthi Aral Sea yaqala ukuthola amanzi ngaphansi. Ichibi iye kancane kancane ngosayizi.

Kuphi uzokwethula kwaholelaphi

Manje abantu abaningi bazi lapho inyamalala Aral Sea. Kungani echibini omisa? Ukuze lokho ukhokha? Pond unciphe. Lapho ukukhukhuleka imikhumbi kanye, ungabona ithafa sandy, okuyinto wahlukanisa amanzi izingxenye eziningana: Sea Small - 21 km ^3, Big Sea - 342 km ^3. Nokho, lokhu Inhlekelele yezindawo zemvelo akayekile. Ukuvama wayo uyaqhubeka ukhula.

Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ngokushesha nje lapho izinga lamanzi e oLwandle Olukhulu yenu kuyovumelana kancane kancane wenqaba, okuyoholela ukwanda ophelelwa amandla awo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo oluthile inganyamalala izilwane zasolwandle kanye izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya idlulisa usawoti ezindaweni kancane kancane akhanywa. Futhi lokhu kuholela Oqala ukungezwa aze agcine isimo somhlabathi.

Ingabe ukuyeka?

Izizathu ezenza ne-Aral Sea bome, Sekuyisikhathi eside siyachazwa. Nokho, akekho ekujaheni ukulungisa imiphumela. Phela, lokhu kudinga eziningi umzamo kanye nezindleko zezimali. Uma uqhubeka ukuze uqhubeke ukudedelwa indle echibini, lumane ujike ethangini sokulungisa, okuyinto asifanele ezolimo. Okwamanje, wonke umsebenzi kufanele kugxile recreating amanzi zemvelo umzimba imingcele.

Njengoba omisa Aral Sea ungakabi ngokugcwele, kodwa kuphela ingxenye esempumalanga yalesi isu wensindiso yakhe kufanele iqondiswe kuqiniswa we isimiso semvelo. Kuyadingeka ukuba ubuyisele ikhono layo ukuzithiba lokulawula. Ukuze uqale kabusha kokwehla ndawo yezinye izitshalo, ezifana ngaphansi izithelo noma imifino. Zidinga umswakama kancane. Bonke khandlu Kulokhu kufanele iqondiswe kwezimbangela eziyinhloko amanzi Omkhulu Salt Lake. Indlela kuphela ukuze asindise blue iparele Asia Ephakathi.