Amaminerali asemqoka eSifundazweni saseSamara

Isifunda saseSamara, esiseMpumalanga Yurophu Plain maphakathi ne-Volga, lizwe elicebile. Amaminerali esifundeni saseSamara amelwa cishe yonke imithombo ethandwa kakhulu, kusukela emafutheni amafutha kuya emadwaleni namanzi.

Indawo yendawo

Ukuthola indawo engamakhilomitha angu-53.6 wamakhilomitha angu-0,3%, okuyi-0.31% yensimu yaseRussia, futhi isendaweni yesikhulumi sase-East Europe, isifunda saseSamara sinesithakazelo esiwusizo njengendawo yokumbiwa kwemayini nezokusebenza ezimbi. Lesi sifunda siqhele ngamakhilomitha angu-335 ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu kanye namakhilomitha angu-315 ukusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga.

Engxenyeni esenyakatho yeSifunda saseSamara ihlanganiswe namahlathi avulekile kanye nama-coniferous, naseningizimu nasempumalanga yalesi sifunda esiyingqayizivele, ama-steppes atholakale kakhulu. Enye yezindawo ezinhle kunazo zonke eRussian Federation, okuyinto ephakeme kunazo zonke izintaba esifundeni, isendaweni ye-Samara Luke. Lezi yizintaba ezidumile zeZhiguli. Ngaphandle kweVolga neSamara, phakathi nalokho, eqinisweni, isifunda sitholakala, imifula yaseSok, Kondurcha, Big Irgi, neKinel ibalulekile emikhakheni yezolimo kanye nokunisela nokubuyisela.

Yimiphi amaminerali ayigcinwe esifundeni

Amaminerali abalulekile esifundeni saseSamara ngamafutha kanye negesi elihambisanayo. Njengoba lezi zinsiza ziyigugu kakhulu emnothweni waseRussia, isici esibalulekile ekuhloleni ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho kwalesi sifundazwe ukuhlolisiswa kwezimali ezinkulu nezincane, kanye nokukhishwa nokucubungulwa kwamaminerali.

Lesi sifundazwe singesifundazwe se-Volga-Ural esifundazweni segesi. Ngesilinganiso esikhulu, amafutha ahlongozwa lapha kusukela ngo-1936, ngakho-ke namuhla imithombo yawo iyeke kakhulu. Kodwa cishe amasimu amahlanu amancane amafutha aqhubeka ukusebenza, futhi amasheya amakhulu kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amafutha angamaZolnensky, Mukhanovsky, uDmitrievsky, uKuleshovsky, Yakushkinsky, Radaevsky nasePokrovskoye.

Ezinye izinsiza eziwusizo ezikhiqizwa esifundeni

Ngaphandle kwamafutha negesi, isifunda sicebile kwamanye amaminerali, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezisindayo, amakhemikhali, izimboni zokudla, kanye nokwakhiwa. Imithombo yemvelo yesifunda saseSamara, okungukuthi imayini kanye namadwala ezobuchwepheshe, imelwe yizinhlobo ezinezinhlobo zezilwane, izinhlabathi ezibunjwa, ama-bentonites. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oil shale ikhiqizwa kusukela eDergunovsky naseKashipiya, i-sulfuri ivela ku-Alekseevsky nakweminye imithombo yemvelo, i-phosphorites kanye nosawoti lwamadwala avela eDergunov.

Amaminerali nokwakha izinto eziwusizo

Imithombo yamaminerali esifundeni saseSamara nayo imithombo yamaminerali nezakhi zokwakha, ezakhiwa nakwezinga lezimboni, kanti isifunda sinomsebenzi obalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwezwe.

Phakathi kweminye imithombo yemvelo ephakathi kwamathumbu emazweni asesifundazwe, okubaluleke kunawo wonke kungamanzi amaminerali nama-radon. Asetshenziswanga kuphela embonini yokudla, kodwa futhi emphakathini wezempilo, njengoba eveza imiphumela yokwelashwa nemithi yokwelapha.

Ngakho-ke, amaminerali esifundeni saseSamara ahlukene kakhulu.

Uhlu lwabaluleke kunawo wonke luzobukeka kanje:

• Amatshe wokwakha;
• Ama-agloporite;
• Isiliva nesakhi sokwakha;
• Gravel;
• Yakha izinto zokusetshenziswa;
• I-Chalk, i-gypsum ne-anhydrite;
• Ubumba obunamafutha;
• Brick futhi tile izinto zokusetshenziswa;
• Ama-carbonate amatshe okukhiqiza i-lame;
• Izandiso zobumba ezandisiwe;
• Izinto eziwusizo zokukhiqiza ingilazi;
• Amadwala aqukethe i-bitumen.

Phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zamaminerali, ezicebile emathunzini omhlaba wesifunda saseSamara, zingabizwa ngokuthi usawoti, u- shale ongavuthayo, isibabule somdabu kanye namanye amaminerali kanye nezinto ezinenani elikhulu lezomnotho ezweni. Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngemithombo yamanzi esifundeni: kusukela ngo-1957, lapho kwakhiwa isiteshi samandla kagesi eVolga, amanzi aseLwandle iZhigulevsky, eboshiwe ngamadamu, abaluleke kakhulu emandleni esifundeni.

I-East-European Plain neSifunda saseSamara ikakhulukazi isifunda esicebile kakhulu, njalo ngonyaka senza umthelela omkhulu ebhajethi yaseRussia. Amaminerali esifundeni saseSamara avumele ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokukhiqizwa kwezwe, kanye nokugcina izintambo zokukhula kwemithombo yamaminerali. Namuhla, izimali ezibalulekile zanikezwa kusukela kwisabelomali sesifundazwe ukuthuthukisa ama-hydrocarbon deposits amasha.