Klement Gottwald - eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia Stalin

Klement Gottwald, omunye eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia osopolitiki lokuqala lamaKhomanisi. Uphinde wahambela umholi party futhi undunankulu, futhi umongameli kuleli zwe. Okwesikhathi esithile kwakukhona ngisho ihlelo Gottwald nomzimba wakhe wagqunyiswa lokuqala yaba kuncike obala endaweni Mausoleum. Igama lakhe laqanjwa ngokuthi umuzi ezitaladini akuzona kuphela ekhaya kodwa futhi kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa ngo-sixties kwekhulu lamashumi amabili yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi eyayinabantu baseCzechoslovakia uStalin. Ake sibheke biography of le nqubomgomo.

Ubusha nezinyathelo zokuqala njengoba umholi

Klement Gottwald wazalwa ngo-1896 edolobheni Austro-Hungarian Wischau (manje eCzech Republic wabiza Deditse). Wakhulela e-emkhayeni ompofu, owayengakaze beshadile. Lapho esemusha, isazi sezombangazwe esizayo wasebenza njengoba induna emthini obomvu, wafunda e Vienna. Ngo-1912 yena wajoyina i-Social Democratic Party. Wayelethwa singayiswa empini Austro-Hungarian ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, walwa ngezihluthu empumalanga. Ngo-1921, waba ngomunye wabasunguli be-Communist Party ne wasiza ukushicilelwa iphephandaba walo e Bratislava.

ukusuka

Efundelwe ka owayezoba umongameli eCzechoslovakia uqala ngokushesha bakhuphukele maphakathi nawo-eko kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ngo-1925 wakhethwa kukomidi Central we Party, futhi ngo-1929 waba nguNobhala-Jikelele. Ngawo lowo nyaka Gottwald zokudlulisela Sikazwelonke yeCzechoslovakia njengeLungu lePhalamende. Ngo-1935, waba unobhala Comintern futhi ushiye okuthunyelwe kuphela ngemva kokufa yokugcina ngo-1943. Ngemva Isivumelwano Munich ngo-1938 Klement Gottwald waya eSoviet Union, lapho afike achitha khona eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ezayo ekudingisweni eqinisweni. Kusuka lapho, uqala ukuhola ukumelana lamaKhomanisi eCzechoslovakia.

Sezombangazwe Klement Gottwald: Biography of umholi iqembu

Ngo-March 1945, u-Eduard Benes, umongameli pre-impi nenhloko uhulumeni-in-ekudingisweni e-London kusukela 1941, bavumelana ukwakha Front National ngokubambisana neNhlangano amaKhomanisi. Gottwald lapho leli dili waya sephini undunankulu. Njengoba izindaba party, wabapha yomnyango uNobhala Jikelele Rudolf Slansky, wathatha isikhundla esisha Usihlalo.

Emakhethweni 1946 wahola ibutho lakhe ambalwa ephalamende angu amathathu nesishiyagalombili ka-ivoti. Kwakuyoba khona ngenxa engcono emlandweni wamaKhomanisi eCzechoslovakia. Kodwa kwathi ngehlobo lango-1947 ukuthandwa le phathi banyukubala ngokushesha, futhi kwababukele eziningi zacabanga ukuthi Gottwald wayeyolahlekelwa isikhundla sakhe. Ngaleso sikhathi e-Italy naseFrance waqala ukuphoqelela amaKhomanisi kusukela ohulumeni womanyano, futhi Iosif Stalin belulekwa Gottwald ukwenza lutho ukuhlala emandleni amandla eyodwa kuphela. Sonke leso sikhathi, isazi sezombusazwe sengathi ukusebenza kuhulumeni. Eqinisweni, wayezobalungisela zungu. Umdlalo phezu ngo-February 1948, lapho IKhabhinethi Wongqongqoshe isiyalele uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhakathi Nosek Vaslav uyeka ukuthatha ngamandla izakhiwo bangamakhomanisi kuphela. Wenqaba ngokusekelwa Gottwald. Khona-ke 12 ongqongqoshe bakahulumeni emsebenzini. Gottwald ezisengozini kutelekwa senzeka kubo bangamakhomanisi. Benes wazama ukumelana, kodwa ngaphansi Usongo lokuhlasela Soviet umaluju. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke Klement Gottwald waba yindoda evelele kakhulu eCzechoslovakia.

Phezulu amandla

Meyi 9, 1948 yesiBethamthetho seNarha yokutholwa ngoMthethosisekelo omusha wezwe. Wayengumngane procommunist ukuze Beneš ngenqaba ukusayina ke. Ngo-June, wesula ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa Gottwald akhethelwe ukuba nguMengameli. Ekuqaleni, umholi omusha wezwe ngazama ukuzigcina Inqubomgomo athi ezimele, kodwa ngemva kokuhlangana Stalin sashintsha isigubhukane Yiqiniso. Klement Gottwald, owaqala ukunyathelisa izithombe emakhasini phambi wonke amaphephandaba yeCzechoslovakia, ngesikhathi esifushane lonke lelo zwe uhulumeni umkhakha Lezokulima collectivized zonke. Uhulumeni waqala ukumelana namandla ukuze ushintsho olunjalo. Khona-ke Gottwald iqala ekhaya azokuqhubela yokuhlanza. Okokuqala, uzibeka aphume uhulumeni kanye ukubopha bonke labo akazange basonta amaKhomanisi, bese party yakhe, eyabe akazange avumelane naye. Izisulu zala ekuqothulweni waqala Rudolf Slansky futhi uNgqongqoshe wezangaPhandle Vlado Clementis (shot in 1952), kanye nenqwaba yezinye abantu ababulawa noma bakhalelwa amasongo kasigonyela. umbhali Czech Milan Kundera , e "Encwadi Ukuhleka nokuzilibazisa lokulibala" yakhe lisitshela ngesikhulu esithile icala, okuyinto sici umholi yohlobo uStalin, kwezombangazwe Klement Gottwald. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo ke ngoFebhuwari 21, 1948 ubonisa uMongameli umi eceleni kwe Vlado Clementis. Lapho iminyaka emibili kamuva ngokumelene yokugcina amangalelwa ngokuba amambuka, umfanekiso owayengungqongqoshe wabulawa inkulumo-ze isimo.

Ukufa. ECzechoslovakia ngemva Gottwald

Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana, izinqubomgomo baye bahlupheka yisifo senhliziyo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuya emngcwabeni kukaStalin ngo-1953 wagula. Washona ngo-March 14, 1956, eneminyaka engu-iminyaka namashumi amahlanu nesithupha. Isidumbu sakhe bamgqumisa wafakwa Mausoleum, futhi waqala ukukhulekela ubuntu bakhe ezweni. Kodwa eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva, yena waba sebefile futhi zingcwatshwe ebhokisini lokungcwaba avaliwe. Bathi umzimba waqala ukubola, ngoba ososayensi baye miscalculated ukubunjwa ngomuthi. Futhi ngemuva kokuphela ubukhomanisi ezweni umlotha walo izinsalela zabanye abaholi beqembu amabili abangu zingcwatshwe ethuneni owawuvamile ngaleso ePrague emathuneni Olshany. In the Eighties sekwephuzile kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kwazanywa uzitholele isithombe kuye eCzech imali engamaphepha, kodwa kwathathwa ngakho omubi, ukuthi zonke lezi izikweletu sebehoxisiwe ekubeni ukusetshenziswa.