Kanjani izilwane ukubona? Yini imibala ingafani?

Amehlo - umzimba ezikhethekile, okuyinto afakwa akubo bonke abahlala emhlabeni. Siyazi kulokho imibala sibona emhlabeni, nokuthi-ke indlela esabonwa izilwane? Yini imibala babona ikati, futhi yiziphi akuzona? umbono kungaba izinja Black nomhlophe? Ulwazi umbono isilwane kuyosisiza ukubheka umhlaba obanzi elisizungezile futhi uqonde ukuziphatha nezilwane abazifuyile.

Izici

Nokho, indlela izilwane ukubona? Ngokusho kweminye izinkomba embonweni isilwane ephelele okungaphezu kwalokho yomuntu, kodvwa lisiniketa ticondziso ikhono lokuhlukanisa imibala. Izilwane eziningi bangabona kuphela uhlobo oluthile ngoba Iphalethi yabo. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhathi eside, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi izinja bangabona kuphela ngombala omnyama nomhlophe. Inyoka nhlobo abayizimpumputhe. Kodwa ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi izilwane ukubona banemibono engafani, ngokungafani nabantu.

Thina, ngokusebenzisa umbono, sithola ngaphezulu kuka-90% ulwazi mayelana izwe elisizungezile. Amehlo kithi - linqoba sense sitho. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukubona izilwane ngobubi bayo siphezulu kunamanye womuntu. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi raptors kubonakala kangcono izikhathi 10. Eagle uyakwazi ukubona inyamazane indiza esuka ibanga amamitha angamakhulu amaningana, futhi peregrine falcon kuzingelwa avela ukuphakama ikhilomitha elilodwa.

Umehluko futhi itholakala lokuthi ukuthi iningi izilwane ezinkulu ukubona ebumnyameni. Photoreceptor amaseli e-retina esweni ibheka ukukhanya, futhi ivumela izilwane, ebusuku, ekubambeni notshwala ukukhanya izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya ezimbalwa. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi amehlo kwezilwane eziningi ziyavutha ebumnyameni, ngenxa yokuthi ngaphansi retina wembozwe esiyingqayizivele lembhali ebizwa ngokuthi tapetum. Manje ake sibheke le zilwane ngazinye.

amahhashi

amahhashi ngomusa namehlo esho neze ubani ingaqhubeka ngabandayo. Kodwa ngokuvamile kubantu abaqalayo ukufunda ukugibela, ukusho ukuthi indlela emuva zehhashi kuyingozi. Kodwa kungani? Kanjani izilwane ukuthi yini le nto kwenzekani ngemva kwakho? Yebo, phela - ihhashi obangela endaweni abayizimpumputhe, ngakho kwaba lula ukuba kalula nethuke futhi impunzi.

amehlo ihhashi zitholakala ukuze kungabonwa ngezindlela ezimbili. umbono wakhe, njengoba badabukana baba zingxenye ezimbili - esweni ngalinye ubona esithombeni, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi amehlo ezinhlangothini ikhanda. Kodwa uma ihhashi ifuna eduze ekhaleni ke ayibone isithombe esisodwa. Futhi, lesi silwane esihle umbono neuropathy nokubona kuhwelela.

Engeza kancane ukwakheka komzimba womuntu. Ngo-retina, iyiphi receptor isidalwa esiphilayo kukhona ezimbili zama: izinduku kanye Izigaxa. Of inani Izigaxa incike imibala, nama-rod banesibopho neuropathy. Amahhashi inombolo sezinsaba ubusa ngaphezu lokho umuntu, kodwa ama-receptor Isigaxa kukhona wafana. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi amahhashi futhi babe imibala.

amakati

Abaningi yezindlu zibambe izilwane, kanye ezivamile, yebo, amakati. izilwane ekukhunjulwa, ikakhulukazi felines, ukuhluka ngokuphawulekayo kusukela womuntu. Kuboshwe umfundi cat akuyona round, njengezilwane kakhulu, futhi side. Uyawacabangela inqwaba ukukhanya okukhulu ukuze ukuvaleka elincane igebe. Le nkomba uthi kwe-retina yezilwane kuyinto inani elikhulu induku receptor, ngawo bebona kahle ebumnyameni.

Kuthiwani imibala? Yini imibala babona ikati? Kuze kube muva nje, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi amakati ungabona ngombala omnyama nomhlophe. Kodwa ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi umndeni ikati kahle ukuhlukanisa phakathi imibala grey, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye. Futhi bheka shades eziningi grey --25 amathoni.

izinja

Inja umbono sihluke ukuthi thina zijwayele. Uma uya emuva anatomy, izinhlobo ezintathu Isigaxa receptor atholakala ehlweni lomuntu:

• Eyokuqala ubona emisebeni eside igagasi, okuyinto zihlukaniswa orange futhi ebomvu.
• Okwesibili - medium-. Kuyinto lezi yamaza sibona nephuzi.
• Okwesithathu, ngokulandelana, ithola amagagasi lapho ukuhlukanisa okwesibhakabhaka lokuyibubende.

Amehlo izilwane zihlukaniswa khona izinhlobo ezimbili amaseli Isigaxa, ngakho inja awukwazi ukubona imibala ebomvu kanye orange.

Lo mehluko wenza akuyona into kuphela - izinja hyperopia ubone izinto engcono ezihambayo. Ibanga kusuka lapho bebona into ingenakunyakaziswa siqukethe kumamitha angu-600, kodwa ezihambayo into izinja waphawula kakade nge 900 amamitha. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu kungcono abaleke onogada chetyrehlapyh.

Vision cishe hhayi umzimba omkhulu inja, ingxenye enkulu alandela nephunga nokuzwa.

Manje ake fingqa - lokho imibala izinja ukubona? Kulesi afane abantu, ibala lesikhumba, bebona okwesibhakabhaka lokuyibubende, nephuzi, kodwa inhlanganisela imibala kungase kubonakale kubo nje emhlophe. Kodwa izinja ezikahle, kanye amakati, ovelele grey umbala, nabantu abangafika kwabangu-40 imibala.

izinkomo

Abaningi bakholelwa, futhi sivame ethulwa ukuthi yasekhaya eziyivulayo ayabulala azwela ukukhanya okubomvu. Eqinisweni, amehlo alaba izilwane ukubona imibala Iphalethi endaweni amathoni usongene kakhulu usongene. Ngakho-ke, izinkomo izinkomo zilalela kakhulu ukuhamba kuka sendlela izingubo zakho noma edwetshwe lokho umbala wendiza phambi empumulweni yabo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, njengoba othile onjengendodana, uma ubuso bakhe baqala asikaze ababambelela amanikiniki, singene ukuhlabana, ku scruff womkhonto?

Nokho, indlela izilwane ukubona? Izinkomo, ngokuvumelana isakhiwo emehlweni abo, bayakwazi ukuhlukanisa yonke imibala: abamhlophe nabansundu, nephuzi, obomvu kanye orange. Kodwa kuphela usukhathele, uphelile ehlasela umzimba. Ngokuthakazelisayo, emehlweni izinkomo iyafana khulu, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu bavame singesabi lapho ebona kungazelelwe abantu ezifanele kubo.

izilwane ezizingela ebusuku

Izilwane eziningi, ebusuku, babe amehlo ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, tarsier. Lokhu monkey kancane oqonda abazingela ebusuku. ayidluli iprotheni, kodwa hlobo lwezinkawu kuphela emhlabeni, zidla izinambuzane nezibankwa.

Amehlo lesi silwane zinkulu futhi ungaphambuki ezikhoxeni zawo. Kodwa ngenkathi tarsier entanyeni nezimo emvumela ukujikisa yakhe degrees ikhanda 180 nhlobo. Iphinde ine umbono neuropathy okungavamile ikuvumela ukubona emisebeni ngisho ultraviolet. Kodwa umbala ihlukanisa tarsier ibuthakathaka kakhulu, njengazo zonke izilwane ezizingela ebusuku.

Ngifuna ukusho mayelana izakhamuzi ezivamile komuzi ebusuku - amalulwane. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwathiwa bazitshela ukuthi abazi ujabulele umbono, futhi fly kuphela ngokusebenzisa amaza omsindo. Kodwa ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwabonisa ukuthi banayo kahle kakhulu ebusuku nokuningi - Amalulwane bayakwazi ukuzikhethela ukuthi zindiza ubheke umsindo noma vula embonweni wasebusuku.

Awezinyoka

Ukutshela ukuthi izilwane ukubona, kungaba ungathuli mayelana nokuthi bakuphatha kanjani ukubona inyoka. Tale mayelana Mowgli, lapho Boa amehlo akhe izinkawu mesmerizing, okuholela nangokuthuthumela. Kodwa ingabe kuyiqiniso? Asivume.

Tinyoka titilwane yamehlo kakhulu, zithinta isikhumba zokuzivikela ukumboza amehlo reptilian. Kule ngokuthi iziphathimandla kubonakale buthuntu futhi ukwenza uhlobo esabisa kakhulu, zazo Legends. Kodwa emehlweni izinyoka akubalulekile, ngokuyisisekelo, basuke behlasela izinto ezinyakazayo. Ngakho-ke, inganekwane, futhi wawuthi inkawu wayehleli stupor - bona babevele baphatheke wayekwazi ukubaleka.

Akubona bonke izinyoka kukhona uhlobo izinzwa ezishisayo, kodwa futhi ukukhanya lefoni bese umbala, zingabantu okhetheke khulu. Snake has umbono Binocular, okusho ukuthi ayibone izithombe ezimbili. A ebuchosheni masinyane sicubungula ulwazi, emnika umqondo usayizi, ibanga bese kugandelelwe ezingaba isisulu.

izinyoni

Izinyoni hit ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, umbono kulesi sigaba sama-eziphilayo, futhi, awafani. Konke kuncike onjani yokuphila kuholela inyoni.

Ngakho, sonke siyazi ukuthi uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi ezinamehlo abukhali kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-izinkozi ungase uphawule yimpango yabo kusuka ukuphakama ngaphezu ikhilomitha nedwala awe phansi ukubamba wakhe. Futhi ingabe bewazi ukuthi ezinye zezinyoni ezidla inyama ungabona ultraviolet, ebavumela ukuthola ebumnyameni mink esilandelayo emkhakheni amagundane?

isikhova Ezinhle Awukwazi ukuhambisa amehlo abo, kodwa benawo entanyeni nezimo ivumela ukuthi ukuze ujike yakhe degrees ikhanda 180. Parazitelno, kodwa lokhu nobunzima nomzingeli bebona ebumnyameni futhi ngokuvamile Ubamba inyamazane, ukuzwa eqondiswa.

Futhi abahlala ekhaya lakho budgerigar has kahle kakhulu futhi uyakwazi ukubona yonke into umbala. Ucwaningo kwenziwa kuye kwabonisa ukuthi laba bantu zihlukaniswa komunye nomunye esebenzisa izimpaphe elikhanyayo.

Yiqiniso, kulesi sihloko ubanzi kakhulu, kodwa sithemba ukuthi amaqiniso kuyoba usizo kuwe ukuqonda ukuthi izilwane ukubona.