James Mathewu Barrie: Biography, imibhalo, izithombe

Ngubani akazi indaba ebukekayo zezingane mayelana Peter Pan? Lesi sihloko-akhawunti ye-enemininingwane umsunguli walo, okuyinto edumile umlobi nesazi Scottish and wemidlalo James Mathewu Barrie.

ekuqaleni

Barry Family - umsebenzi nezingane eziningi. uyise komlobi kwaba womeluki ku Kirrimyur isimo. James Mathewu Barrie ingane yazalwa lesishiyagalolunye ngoMeyi 1860, Nokho, izikhala kutemfundvo nekucecesha wayengafani zonke izingane. Ekuqaleni wafunda Academy ke neyasemayunivesithi enkulu eScotland Edinburgh. Wathweswa iziqu, ngathola umsebenzi ehhovisi isihloko "Nottingham Journal".

Uma efika udumo lesibonwa nge ukushicilelwa uchungechunge imidwebo esibonisa ukuphila edolobheni elincane Scotland, uBarry wacelwa ukuba ashicilele incwadi ehlukile ngesisekelo nalezi zifundo. Lena yindlela "Idyll Old Lights". Life, yebo, ezilotshiwe kule ncwadi akuyona enhle: abampofu, ewumngcingo, enyinyekile, ngokweqile inchurched. Impumelelo kwaba ezinomsindo.

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi Barri Dzheyms waqala eneminyaka engu-amabili nanhlanu, eminyakeni emine ishicilele eziningana tindzaba letimfisha kanye inoveli yakhe yokuqala. Indaba babe angadle ngabuhle obutheni, uchungechunge wabizwa ngokuthi "Auld Licht Idyll" futhi esiqintini inoveli sathathwa kulo mkhakha, Kwabikwa mayelana intatheli - "Lapho umuntu ahlale yedwa." Abagxeki futhi abafundi abaye bavuma ngentshiseko umbhali omusha. Futhi uma neso elibi - Barri Dzheyms izobhalela melodrama kabi ngakho "ngcono ukufa", eyakhishwa ngo-1888. Khona-ke umlobi ukuze "alungise", nasezincwadini ziye yayo entsha baphinde bahlangana kahle: "Inceku kancane," "Sentimental Tommy" (lapha ngisho wathatha kumdlalo - "Tommy futhi Grisel"), ethinta inhliziyo ngokukhethekile liyincwadi mayelana kunina - "Margaret Ogilvy".

wemidlalo

Iminyaka engamashumi amane wemidlalo engcono yezwe isibe umbhali odumile James Mathewu Barrie. Nakuba iminyaka emithathu nje edlule waphendukela lokubhala amafilimu. Ekuqaleni, umbhali ukwenziwa esiteji acatshangelwe inoveli yakhe "Isibuyile inceku kancane", wayejabula kakhulu abafundi. Comedy "Kvoliti City" baletha kuye udumo. Futhi nge play "Meri Rouz", "Kvoliti Street," 'entshweni Clan Crichton "woza nenkazimulo samanje. Futhi lapho ngo-1904, wabekwa esiteji indaba yakhe "Peter Pan" futhi udumisa yithela. Yena wenziwe Baronet, yena yanikezelwa Order, ngo-1919 wakhethwa Umphathi we-University of St Andrews, futhi ngo-1930 - Chancellor entsha University of Edinburgh ngo-1928, yazenzela okuthunyelwe ka owayengumongameli weNhlangano ka Abalobi yezwe.

I share elikhulu umsebenzi etemibhalo osekwenziwe emkhakheni idrama, futhi ibuyisela eziphathekayo kakhulu futhi kule ndawo uJakobe Mathewu Barrie. Umlobi wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe lokusungula, ekuphileni kwakhe, avalele izinkanyezi eziningi abangane nabalandeli. Kodwa nezwe baxhumane kalula, abantu babemthanda. Wayeshade kanye kuphela hhayi isikhathi eside, umngane omthanda ngempela kuphela umndeni Davis, ngisho wanakekela izingane ezinhlanu lapho abazali bazo (Arthur kanye Sylvia Davis) wafa. UQobo izindlalifa oqondile ngemva kokufa kwakhe, watholakala ngo-1937.

ibhayisikobho

Barrie James Mathewu, ogama biography Kwakudida hhayi ngaphandle kugucuka imilingo nezimangaliso, utlole izincwadi eziningi. Kunezindaba yakhe okudalwe izikhathi eziningana, futhi kwakukhona ifilimu likaMarku Foster onesihloko esithi "Ukuthola Neverland" ngo-2004, lapho indima Umxoxi emangalisayo kudlalwa ajabulisayo Dzhonni Depp. Yiqiniso, biography wangempela ifilimu ihlukile cishe kakhulu. Indaba le unezingane zokutholwa, futhi ukuhluka uye zabhekana.

"Ukuthola Neverland"

Le filimu waqokelwa "Oscar" ezigabeni eziyisikhombisa umklomelo BAFTA - e nanye. Kulesi futhi kwelinye icala, balinganisela etholwe eliphezulu kakhulu - eziyisishiyagalombili kweziyishumi, ngisho isigaba esiyinhloko. Qasha wayebuye yimpumelelo: kwabasiza ezikhathini emine nengxenye isabelomali zamadola eyizigidi ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu (ngezindinganiso American - hhayi cool kakhulu, kodwa oluchaza, ngisho art-indlu ifilimu kahle).

Unconventional onobuqambi o-creative plus ezweni ekhethekile yesikhathi fantasy - lezizibonakaliso ukwenza ifilimu akuyona bonke abantu ngokulinganayo ezithakazelisayo. Fairytale Neverland indawo, abenyukela umbhali, thina ngokuthi Neverland, futhi kule flme - Ukuthola Neverland. Izwe lapho kungayi lubuyayo. Umsindo upholavuthondaba esiprofetho Edgar Allan Poe - Nevermore, lapho kuphela ukufa futhi bephelelwe ithemba. James Mathewu Barrie, ogama izincwadi futhi bewazisa ngoba ethulwa inkohliso ukungafi, e ifilimu, futhi, Foster athula khona i- "ingane okuphakade", untouchable, elingenacala kule umbono wezwe ngaphandle, futhi ngisho nalabo babengakwazi ukubona ukuthi abadala abakwazi ukuphawule. Hero emangala izwe elihle uqobo futhi uyakwazi kusimangaze abanye.

Fiction Namaqiniso

Esikhathini credits umbukeli ubona Ebhala ngokugomela kokuthi ifilimu kusekelwe izenzakalo zangempela. Nokho, lokho akulona iqiniso. Inani amaqiniso futhi lonke uchungechunge iminyaka waphila ngokuvumelana protagonist, sengathi sisusiwe imininingwane engadingekile futhi ilungiswe ukuze best imibiko iqiniso.

Ngokusho inguqulo ifilimu kaJakobe Mathewu Barrie, ngubani nesithakazelo ekuphileni siqu eziningi, ngisho ujwayelene Arthur wayengekho, njengoba uhlangene kakade nge umfelokazi wakhe - USylvia, engesiyo namadodana ayisihlanu nane. Esikhathini ifilimu, umbhali iyona umnakekeli olusemthethweni wabo nonina Sylvia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, James Mathewu Barrie, osebenzela ngaleso sikhathi kakade ukunyathelisa ngo circulations omkhulu, umbhali-isiphukuphuku ayikaze. Futhi kule eqanjiwe movie Spice indaba. Kodwa ikhona yini i-movie futhi iqiniso: ugqozi ukuthi ithole Mathewu ukuxhumana nezingane, wamsiza ukwakha tale emangalisayo ngomfana ongathandanga zikhule.

Le filimu akuyona okuningi kukhulunywa ngalo James Mathewu Barrie. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo ekuphileni kwakhe dengwane. Ngokwesibonelo, ku-1909 wayengafuni ukuba ihlukane nomkayo, Mary, nakuba yena ngentukuthelo nomhawu umyeni wakhe ukuba umkhaya yomunye. Kodwa Mathewu yaqhubeka nokunyamalala khona, ngabafana phakathi kwabo kwakukhona Peter - prototype hero kumnandi.

Dzhonni Depp e indima "Ubaba" of Peter Pan

I biopic Dzhonni Depp nje afake ngempela zonke izinhlobo engavamile giftedness ithalente futhi umcabango olungenamkhawulo iqhawe lawo. Imidlalo ezifika izingane umbhali, bayabukana sengathi bafuna ukuhleka ngokwakhe okungaphezu konke ukuphila. "Peter Pan" futhi sidalwe - phakathi imidlalo kuyajabulisa futhi kulula, kodwa uBarry uyakhazinyuliswa kakhulu kunamanye amane udlala kakhulu, eziyisithupha amanoveli athandwayo, eziyisikhombisa sebesebenzisa izincwadi zokuzisiza izincwadi elikhanyayo namaqoqo eminingi izindaba short.

preimages

Umfana ongalokothi aluphala, uvele imisebenzi Barry ngokuphindaphindiwe, esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba indaba ka Peter Pan. It is Kunikezelwa indaba umfowabo omdala yomlobi, owafa usuku olulodwa ngaphambi devyatiletiya. Wahlala enkumbulweni yakhe kuze kube phakade ingane. Ngokushesha ezincwadini zokuqala ezimbili Barry usitshela okungasisiza umfana ngahlukana umndeni wakhe. ibilahlekile, kodwa uyajabula nalesi simo ( "Tommy futhi Grisel"), ngaphezu kwakho konke, akafuni ukuba kutholakale ubuyele ekuphileni zakhe zangaphambili, lapho kuyadingeka zikhule.

Khona-ke, njengoba abaningi eziyisithupha izahluko ( "White Bird") litshela lomunye umfana ongazange afune ukukhula. Ngemva kwalokho, le ncwadi zibhaliwe ngaphansi elinye igama - "Peter Pan e Kensington Gardens" (endleleni, kule engadini London Barry bahlangana abafana omkhaya Davis futhi umxhwele kubo Incwadi yanyatheliswa ngemifanekiso esihle edumile Artura Rekhema ..

umndeni

Okokuqala udinga ukutshela Umxoxi unina znamenitoogo. Yena, cishe, angithi, ukube bekungengenxa ye-Margaret Ogilvie (in the isiko abesifazane Scottish ushiye igama lakhe lokuqala ngo umshado). umama umbhali kwakuyisenzo kakhulu onesiphiwo ngokwemvelo, ukucula emangalisayo, wayazi okuningi Folk songs, ballads, tinganekwane yezinganekwane. Kungaleso izingane zakhe futhi wathatha phezu isifiso sayo yonke into enhle nemnandi futhi imilingo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umkhaya kakhulu ukuba ukuphika ngokwakho, abazali iphupho ezithandwayo zezingoma zigcwaliseka: zonke izingane zabo zibe ezifundile.

Uma umfowabo omdala Dzheymsa Aleksandr wahlala efundisa Glasgow, ngokushesha wathatha phezu zivalelwe kwabasebasha. James wafunda kakhulu sibonga Alexander.

abangane Famous

Ukuqala zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, wabanjwa ngamazwi Dzheymsa Barri ngempela ovelele abalobi British. A ehloniphekile ngokujulile futhi ezinhle kakhulu, kwabuthana kuye kuvela emphakathini ovelele ngesikhathi. abangane bakhe Dzhon Golsuorsi, Thomas Hardy, Genri Dzheyms, Gerbert Uells, UJerome K. Jerome, Dzheyms Meredit, u-Arthur Conan Doyle. Lesi sakamuva ngisho uye co-kwentiwe ngu Barry ekulotshweni the comedy Libretto ukuthi bahluleka ngokudabukisayo, kodwa lokhu ukwehluleka idale indaba ezihlekisayo Kulotshiwe futhi ndawonye: abalobi ecela Sherlock Holmes ukuphenya kungani umphakathi akuyona ezihlekisayo amahlaya elikhulu kangaka.

Kunoma ikuphi, kuze kube sekupheleni empilweni abalobi walondoloza ubuhlobo kakhulu futhi basizane ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga. Ngaphezu abalobi, uBarry usebenza labacwaningi nesithakazelo izihambi, abantu banesibindi futhi esebenzayo. Lokhu Isithakazelo saba mutual. Abacwaningi e-Afrika Dzhozef Tomson futhi Pol Dyu eShilo wayevame ukuchitha isikhathi Barry incwadi posthumous we wamazwe odumile polar Robert Scott, ngubani wathola isidumbu sakhe ngesigamu ngonyaka ngemva bomkhankaso elahlekile, yalotshelwa umngane wakhe amthandayo - Jakobe Metyu Barri, lowo washiyela anakekele abafelokazi nezingane kwamalungu akhe bewile. Isicelo sokugcina salowo oshonile kwenziwa.

itestamente siqu

Barri Dzheyms Mathewu, amaqiniso athakazelisayo zokuphila okwakukhona sasiyoba sikhulu kangangokuthi ilethe ngokuphindaphindiwe abaculi ukudala yobuciko zomhlaba, wafa ngo-1937, ngemva kokuba idluliselwe yonke imali kanye namalungelo "Peter Pan" (isamba ukusiqondisisa) esibhedlela izingane yaseLondon.

Ngo-1987 iphalamende British wathatha isinyathelo engakaze ibonwe - ukusetha i-copyright Barry njengoba ephakade. Nasi nenhlonipho ezehlukile wathola lo muntu ovelele ezweni lakubo.